1. War and Peace  We will now be studying opinions and theories regarding whether or not it is morally justifiable to go to war.  The reasons countries go to war.  Identify 6 reasons countries go to war  Give an example of a war which indicates more than one motive of going to war.  Give an opinion on whether it is ever okay to kill people.

2. Nationalism War based on the reassertion of national independence for people with a common language, history, religion or heritage. “Ein Reich, Ein Volk, Ein Fuerhrer” There is a logical necessity for homogeneity in nationalism, whether it be ethnic, racial, religious, cultural or linguistic – in times of war the perceived danger from the ‘other’ is heightened. After 9/11 even Muslim residents of the US became suspects

3. Protection  Sometimes countries go to war to protect their lands and people from aggression or to protect people in other lands from evil dictators.

4. Self defence  War declared as a measure of self- defence due to a fear of attack or a threat to the countries vital interests.

5. Resources  The need and sometimes greed for more resources has long been a significant cause of war. – more land, water or mineral resources such as oil have reckoned to be the root cause of a quarter of wars in recent years.  Fighting was fuelled by the countries vast mineral wealth with all sides taking advantage to plunder the country's resources such as gold.

6. Religious reasons  The Crusades were a series of military campaigns against the Muslims of the Middle East-fighting to gain control of Jerusalem – lasted nearly 200 years.  Some wars are fought for religious reasons. Holy wars are fought in the name of God by armies who believe they have God on their side.

7.  An example:  Take what you know about the war in Iraq and list the reasons why you believe the war started.  You may do this task with those sitting next to you.  You have 4minutes Are wars the result of only one reason?

8. Possible reasons war on Iraq was declared. WMD’s – to protect America (the West) from possible attack. Saddam Hussein was a threat- larger risk leaving him in power. Saddam had threatened US interests in the past – firing missiles at Saudi Arabia and Israel To secure the Iraqi oil fields – prior to the invasion 63 companies were fighting for oil contracts – after the invasion Exxon, Shell and BP got majority share (after meeting with Bush prior to the invasion)

9. What do you think? Is it ever right to kill someone? Is our first motive always the most important? -Albert Camus

10. Reasons to go to war  In a short paragraph describe, with reasons when you think it is okay to go to war.  Do you think it is ever okay to kill another human being? Why?

12. The costs of war 1. Make a list of the costs of war 2. Outline an example of the environment being damaged by war 3. Explain how starvation can be the result of war 4. When do you think it is acceptable to go to war? Give reasons 5. ‘War does more damage to the morals of men than to their property and persons.’ – Desiderius Erasmus. Do you agree? Give reasons for your answer Page 80 Pink books