1. Overview & International Perspective EOS Capabilities, Needs, Gaps & Resolutions: 14 th October 2014 Presented by Stephen Ward

2. 2 Introduction and Overview Topics Supply: current and future outlook Supply features International interfaces Data policies Domestic coordination

3. 3 Meteorological satellites 1/3 of civil EO systems GEO and LEO (few countries) Non-meteorological satellites 2/3 of civil EO systems Operational & research (many countries) Commercial satellites Pure commercial is rare (PPP etc.) Major market is defense Supply: current and future outlook

4. 4 CEOS Database 2014 Update Annual update cycle Responses received from 27 CEOS agencies 23 new mission records added, 117 existing records updated 44 new instrument records added, 156 existing records updated Currently features operating or planned for launch in the next 15 years: 267 Earth observing satellite missions 784 instruments

5. 5 Instrument Types Supply: current and future outlook Source: CEOS EOHandbook http://eohandbook.com/

6. 6 Historical perspective Source: A.S. Belward, J.O. Skøien - ISPRS

7. 7 Historical perspective Source: A.S. Belward, J.O. Skøien - ISPRS

8. 8 Geographical perspective Source: A.S. Belward, J.O. Skøien - ISPRS

9. 9 Geographical perspective Source: A.S. Belward, J.O. Skøien - ISPRS

10. 10 Committee on Earth Observation Satellites (CEOS) Australia Chair (Alex Held) in 2016 CEO also in 2016-17 Group on Earth Observations (GEO and GEOSS) Global Earth Observation System of Systems – satellite and in situ Many initiatives, including forests, agriculture, and water Coordination Group for Meteorological Satellites (CGMS) Global Climate Observing System (GCOS) “Essential Climate Variables” International Charter on Space and Major Disasters Coordination Frameworks

11. 11 “The number of satellites launched by civil government and commercial entities is expected to more than double over the next decade” $35.8B USD in manufacturing revenues “The market for commercial EO data was valued at $1.5 billion in 2012.” Growth slowing to 7%, and consolidation of operators Manufacturing revenues rising, but the average cost of a non-Meteorological EO satellite falling Growth context Euroconsult, 2013

12. 12 Austerity and budget pressures in North America and Europe squeezing expenditures Major programs like Copernicus and NOAA’s meteorological missions face some uncertainty Increasingly stable EO remains a priority for R&D mandated space agencies like NASA, ESA, JAXA Climate change and environmental monitoring driving Growth context Euroconsult, 2013

13. 13 “Overall civil government investment in EO totaled $7.7 billion in 2012” “$5.5 billion (71%) of total investment in 2012 was attributed to North America and Europe” Russia, India and China all ramping up spending more quickly Support to national policy interests, autonomy in space applications, national industry Lagging, but increasing quality in terms of ground/spectral/radiometric resolutions, accuracy, and lifespan Growth context Euroconsult, 2013

14. 14 Measurement Categories Atmosphere, Land, Oceans + Snow/Ice and Earth Science

15. 15 Atmospheric Measurements Clouds, temperature, pressure, gas composition

16. 16 Land Measurements Land cover, vegetation, reflectance, topography

17. 17 Ocean Measurements Colour, topography, winds, temperature, sea level

18. 18 Example timeline from database.eohandbook.com

19. 19 Data policies Australia at the mercy of data policy trends Mixed bag internationally USA – free and open, new Civil EO Plan Japan – commercial (at higher resn) Europe – free and open, but questions on the data system and politics; Sentinel-2 could change the world

20. 20 Australian needs and supply CEODA process a welcome, formalised documentation of requirements

21. 21 Australian needs and supply 2014 CEODA update underway by GA Socio-economic benefits (ACIL Allen) and supply risks (Symbios) studies also underway to provide business case arguments for investing in selected EO data streams

22. 22 Australian coordination context

23. 23 Australian coordination Federal coordination budget/staff/interest reduced (SPU/SCO) Satellite utilisation policy – terminated trajectory? No publication of National EO Infrastructure Plan GA/CSIRO/BOM diligent on CEODA update and political arguments AEOCCG an active voice and advocate Substantial processes and mechanisms exist – including through agencies with operational responsibility and mandate

24. 24 Thanks! Contact: Stephen Ward mail@stephenward.net