2. On a Scale of 1-10….How Funny is This Commercial? Commercial

3. What is an allusion?  An indirect reference in a literary work to a previously released literary work or to a person, place, or thing in history.  Key…to a previously released item.

4. In other words...   An allusion is when you are watching a movie or commercial or reading a book, and you recognize a scene or song or phrase (etc.) as something that was in an earlier movie or book.   The allusion is in the newer text. The text being alluded to is the older text.

5. What text is being alluded to? In other words, what are the original texts?original

6. WHY do authors make allusions? 1) Help the reader understand a difficult idea by relating it to an already known idea (from a familiar text) 2) A way for the writer to connect to the reader – A literary “wink” to the reader saying “you get me?” 3) Comedic effect…by referencing a potentially shared experience

7. Why Use Allusions?  Used to summarize broad, complex ideas or emotions in one quick, powerful image. –Self-sacrificing character  Jesus – Really bad and mean character?  Devil  Cain

8. General ElectricElectric

9. How do I find / notice allusions?  Just like when making inferences… –Background knowledge!!! –Clues from the text  Background knowledge is critical— you have to know what an author is referring to in order to understand the allusion

10. What if I miss an allusion?  Nothing! Well, almost nothing. (You won’t blow up or anything)  Allusions are risks by the author to make a point or connect to a reader.  If you don’t get an allusion, and you are the intended audience, the writer has failed.  Ideally the “story will go on,” but you might miss the literary “wink” by the author.

11. Three Most Common Texts If you know these three texts, you will find and understand more allusions found in Western literature. 1) The Bible 2) Greek mythology / The Odyssey 3) Shakespeare

14. O’Brother, Where Art Thou? O’Brother, Where Art Thou?

17. Tennessee’s professional football team and….the giant gods that Zeus conquered to become king of the universe.

18. Midas Mufflers – Named after the Greek king who turned everything to gold (good?) with his touch. Theme song – “Trust the Midas touch!”

19. Ajax Cleaner – Named after the Greek soldier that fought Hector during the Trojan War. Ajax is tough on stains… like Ajax was tough on Trojans!

20. FTD Florists and Hermes?

21. Nike Athletics?

23. Brave Potatoes Children’s Book Shakespeare  What's in a name? that which we call a rose By any other name would smell as sweet;  -Romeo and Juliet  -Romeo and Juliet

24. A Plague on Both Your Houses...

26. Children’s Stories Mona Lisa Petite Rouge

27. More! American Gothic Petite Rouge

28. Within Disney The Lion King Hercules Scar!

29. Others…  Titanic  And….  Where Does Joe Go?

30. Rumplestiltskin’s Daughter Mona Lisa

31. Van Gogh? Self-Portrait

32. Botticelli? The Birth of Venus

33. Famous People in Aladdin

35. Fast Times at Ridgemont High Shrek III

36. Which Have You Seen? Easy Rider - 1969 Starsky and Hutch – 2004

37. Saturday Night Fever Saturday Night FeverSaturday Night FeverSaturday Night Fever

38. Airplane!

39. Saturday Night Fever / Airplane   Okay, so why did the author of Airplane include the allusion to Saturday Night Fever? – –To relate a difficult concept? – –To connect to the reader? – –For comedic effect?

40. Bridge on the River Kwai Kwai

41. The Breakfast ClubBreakfast Club

42. The Karate Kid and…. Karate Kid Karate Kid

43. HerculesHercules! (Disney) Hercules

44. The Untouchables Untouchables

45. Naked Gun Naked Gun 33 and 1/3 Naked Gun

46. To Kill a Mockingbird

47. Pleasantville!

49. Titanic

50. The Simpsons Movie Simpsons

51. Midnight CowboyMidnight Cowboy….Anyone? Anyone?? Midnight Cowboy

52. HerculesHercules!

53. Miss Congeniality!

54. Shrek 2 Shrek 2

55. Forrest Gump Forrest Gump

56. The Simpsons Movie Simpsons

57. Braveheart – Battle of Stirling

58. Hardware Commercial?

59. Caddyshack

60. Tiger Woods?

61. Deliverance and Dueling Banjos

62. Shrek 4

63. West Side Story

64. Scrubs

65. Vertigo - Stairwell

66. Batman

67. Stagecoach

68. Raiders of the Lost Ark

69. Star Wars Star Wars

70. Toy Story 2 Toy Story 2

71. Jurassic Park Jurassic Park

72. Toy Story 2 Toy Story 2

73. Risky Business

74. And..

75. And then…

76. Scarface

77. Shark Tales Shark Tales

78. FlashdanceFlashdance – The Original Flashdance

79. Shrek II Shrek II

80. ScrubsScrubs! Scrubs

81. Rain Man Rain Man

82. The Hangover The Hangover

83. The Great Escape (1963)Great Escape

84. The Great Escape and…. Great Escape Great Escape

85. Review  What are the three most commonly alluded to sets of texts?  What are the purposes of allusions?