1. Promoting the implementation of SFM in the tropics
Sustainable Forest Management: International Experiences and Mexican Perspectives
22-25 September 2014, Mexico City
Promoting the implementation of SFM in the tropics
Steve Johnson
Assistant Director, Trade and Industry
International Tropical Timber Organization 1

2. Early Warnings The Limits to Growth Our Common Future Rio Summit 1992
In line with people-centered approach of SGI
Contribution of SGI to Rio Summit and development of Earth Charter which is consistent with Rio Declaration

3. Tropical Deforestation Rates
: 11.3 million ha/yr
: 16.4 million ha/yr
: 16 million ha/yr
: 13 million ha/yr
: 11 million ha/yr

4. Agenda 21 on sustainable development
Outcomes of the Rio Earth Summit (1992)
Rio Declaration
Forest principles
Agenda 21 on sustainable development
CBD
UNFCCC
UNCCD
In line with people-centered approach of SGI
Contribution of SGI to Rio Summit and development of Earth Charter which is consistent with Rio Declaration

5. Tropical forests sustainably managed in 1988
Less than 1 million ha
IIED published report ‘No Timber Without Trees’

6. ITTO Guidelines for the Sustainable Management of Natural Tropical Forests
41 principles
36 possible actions
Areas covered:
Policy & legislation
Forest management
Socio-economic & financial aspects

7. Criteria and Indicators (C&I)
Better understanding of SFM
Consistency in reporting
Basis for certification
5 criteria and 27 indicators at national level
6 criteria and 23 indicators at FMU level

8. C&I Workshops and Activities
28 training workshops organized
More than US$ 30 million in C&I activities, including workshops
150 countries

9. ITTO Guidelines
Guidelines for the Sustainable Management of Natural Tropical Forests (1991)
Guidelines for the Establishment and Sustainable Management of Planted Tropical Forests (1993)
Guidelines on the Conservation of Biodiversity in Tropical Production Forests (1993)
Participation of experts from producer countries in events
Side-event at UNFF 3 and World Forestry Congress
Website redevelopment
Professional-quality photos from ITTO projects

10. Guidelines on Fire Management (1998)
ITTO Guidelines
Guidelines on Fire Management (1998)
Guidelines for the Restoration, Manage- ment and Rehabilitation of Degraded and Secondary Tropical Forests (2002)
ITTO/IUCN Guidelines for the Conserva- tion and Sustainable Use of Biodiversity in Tropical Timber Production Forests (2009)
Voluntary guidelines for the sustainable management of natural tropical forests (2014)
Participation of experts from producer countries in events
Side-event at UNFF 3 and World Forestry Congress
Website redevelopment
Professional-quality photos from ITTO projects

11. Central African Republic
Diagnostic Missions since 2000
Region
Country
Mission Date
Africa
Cameroon
September 2008
Central African Republic
March 2002
Republic of Congo
October 2001
Gabon
January 2005
Côte d’Ivoire
August 2008
Liberia
May 2005
Nigeria
August 2007
Togo
February 2008
Asia-Pacific
Cambodia
September 2004
Fiji
October 2004
India
April 2006
Indonesia
September 2001
Papua New Guinea
February 2007
Philippines
May 2003
Thailand
March 2006
Latin America
Brazil
Ecuador
April 2004
Guyana
October 2002
Mexico
Panama
August 2004
Peru
June 2003
Suriname
August 2003
Trinidad and Tobago
December 2002
Participation of experts from producer countries in events
Side-event at UNFF 3 and World Forestry Congress
Website redevelopment
Professional-quality photos from ITTO projects

12. Forest Industry Support
Participation of experts from producer countries in events
Side-event at UNFF 3 and World Forestry Congress
Website redevelopment
Professional-quality photos from ITTO projects

13. Certified Timber
Participation of experts from producer countries in events
Side-event at UNFF 3 and World Forestry Congress
Website redevelopment
Professional-quality photos from ITTO projects

14. Certification Origin: unsustainable management of tropical forests
Process: C & I  audits  certification
Certified area in tropical countries: 40 mill ha (2011), mostly FSC and MTCC (PEFC growing)
Share of tropical countries in global certified forest area still small (around 10% of total)
Participation of experts from producer countries in events
Side-event at UNFF 3 and World Forestry Congress
Website redevelopment
Professional-quality photos from ITTO projects

15. SFM Tropics 2005
36 million ha sustainably managed
25 million ha for production
11 million ha for protection
Asia-Pacific: 20 million ha
Africa: 6 million ha
Latin America: 10 million ha

16. SFM Tropics 2011
53 million ha sustainably managed
30 million ha for production
23 million ha for protection
Asia-Pacific: 20 million ha
Africa: 11 million ha
Latin America: 22 million ha

17. Biodiversity Expedition in Sarawak
Vegetation survey
Fauna survey
Local community involvement

18. Lanjak-Entimau – Betung Kerihun
1 million ha biodiversity conservation area

19. Transboundary Conservation Areas
Region
Countries
Area
Borneo
Sarawak, Malaysia & Kalimantan, Indonesia
2.71 m ha
Emerald Triangle Forest Complex
Thailand, Cambodia, Lao PDR
0.36 m ha
Kabo-Ndoki Region
Congo, Cameroon, Central African Republic
1.30 m ha
Mengamé-Minkébé Gorilla Sanctuary
Cameroon, Gabon
0.14 m ha
Cordillera del Condor
Ecuador, Peru
2.42 m ha
Tambopata-Madidi Protected Area
Peru, Bolivia
4.20 m ha
Total
11.13 m ha
Contribution to decade of biodiversity
New opportunities

20. MOU with CBD

21. The ITTO Thematic Programmes
TP concept adopted in 2008
REDDES
TFLET
TMT
CFME
IDE
REDDES
TFLET
CFME
SFM
TFLET and TMT more closely linked with the issue of legality.
TMT
IDE

22. Global Financial Requirement for SFM
Notable Figures on Financing
Global Financial Requirement for SFM
UNCED (1992) US$31.25 b/yr
Pretoria Workshop (1996) US$33 b/yr
ITTO (for all tropical forests) US$11 b/yr
UNFF (2006) US$69.3 b/yr
UNFCCC (to halve DD) (2007)2 --US$20 b/yr
Note: 1 From “Brief study on funding and finance for forestry and forest-based sector” commissioned by UNFF Secretariat; Related disinvestments, including compensation for deforestation and forest degradation, are added.
2 From “Financing flows and needs to implement the Non-legally Binding Instrument on All types of Forests” prepared for AGF of CPF; Opportunity costs for REDD and afforestation/reforestation costs are included.

23. Notable Challenges Financing tropical SFM Market access
Negative perceptions of tropical timber
Competing land uses
Poor governance
Equitable benefit sharing and stakeholder involvement

24. ITTO-CITES Programme
Good example showing ITTO’s approach to promoting SFM
Focus on products from 8 tropical tree species listed in CITES Appendices
Assistance provided to facilitate management plans, inventories, non-detriment findings, wood identification, etc
$15 million funding since 2007; more funds being sought for new phase to start in 2015/16

25. ITTO-CITES Programme

26. Promoting sustainable development through trade, conservation and best-practice forest management in tropical countries
Website: