1. Foundations of Organization Structure (1) Part one organizational structure Chapter 01

2. 15–1 Basic Concepts Organizational Structure Organizational Structure: The formal configuration between individuals and groups with respect to the allocation of tasks, responsibilities, and authorities within organizations. Organizational Chart: Organizational Chart: A diagram representing the connections between the various departments within an organization: a graphic representation of organizational design.

3. 15–2 What Is Organizational Structure?  An organizational structure defines how job tasks are formally divided, grouped, and coordinated.  组织结构是指对于工作任务如何进行分工，分组和协 调合作。

4. 15–3 Organizational Structure  There are six key elements: –Work specialization –Departmentalization –Chain of command –Span of control –Centralization and decentralization –Formalization

5. 15–4 Organizational Structure  Six key questions that managers need to answer in designing the proper organizational structure. 1.To what degree are tasks subdivided into separate jobs? 任务被细分的程度 Work specialization 工作专门化

6. 15–5 Organizational Structure  Six key questions that managers need to answer in designing the proper organizational structure. 2. On what basis will jobs be grouped together? 工作组合的基础 Departmentalization 部门化

7. 15–6 Organizational Structure  Six key questions that managers need to answer in designing the proper organizational structure. 3. To whom do individuals and groups report? 员工与群体的汇报对象 Chain of command 命令链

8. 15–7 Organizational Structure  Six key questions that managers need to answer in designing the proper organizational structure. 4. How many individuals can a manager efficiently and effectively direct? 经理有效直接领导的员工数量 Span of control 控制跨度（管理幅度）

9. 15–8 Organizational Structure  Six key questions that managers need to answer in designing the proper organizational structure. 5. Where does decision-making authority lie? 决策权的分配 Centralization and decentralization 集权与分权

10. 15–9 Organizational Structure  Six key questions that managers need to answer in designing the proper organizational structure. 6. To what degree will there be rules and regulations to direct employees and managers? 经理员工受组织规则约束的程度 Formalization 正规化

11. 15–10 Organizational Structure  There are six key elements: –Work specialization –Departmentalization –Chain of command –Span of control –Centralization and decentralization –Formalization