1. How to study for exams Prehistoric Cultures University of Minnesota Duluth

2. www.d.umn.edu/cla/faculty/troufs/anth1602/

4. studying from the text

6. 1. What is it? 2. Why is it important? 3. When did it happen? for items from the “Contents” studying from the text

7. www.d.umn.edu/cla/faculty/troufs/anth1602/

8. dates? studying from the text http://www.d.umn.edu/cla/faculty/troufs/anth1602/pctimes.html read charts from the bottom up

9. dates http://www.d.umn.edu/cla/faculty/troufs/anth1602/pctimes.html 5 – 7 mya

10. dates http://www.d.umn.edu/cla/faculty/troufs/anth1602/pctimes.html 5 – 7 mya

11. 1. The first of things 2. The last of things 3. The best of things also keep track of studying from the text

12. 1. The first of things 2. The last of things 3. The best of things keep track of studying from the text REPEAT

13. pay attention to the timelines in the text studying from the text See 10 th ed., pp. 224 250 293 313 347 397 409

14. pay attention to the timelines in the text studying from the text See 9 th ed., pp. 215 238 284 299 333 375 404

15. pay attention to the timelines in the text studying from the text see 8th 9 th ed., pp. 246 ? 238 248 215 326 284 373 299 410 333 449 375 479 404

16. p. 224 Time line of early African hominins “robust” Australopithecines “gracile” Australopithecines

17. p. 232 Key Early Hominin Fossil Discoveries from Africa

18. p. 250 Time line for Homo erectus and contemporaries

19. p. 254 Key Fossil Discoveries of Homo erectus

20. p. 282 Key Fossil Discoveries of Premodern Humans

21. Homo sapiens Sapiens (“moderns”) p. 293 Time line of Modern Homo sapiens discoveries.

22. p. 309 Key Fossil Discoveries of Early Modern Humans and Homo floresiensis

23. p. 313 Time line for Ch. 13 “Early Holocene Hunters and Gatherers.”

24. p. 343 The Most Significant Archaeological Site Discussed in Ch. 13, “Early Holocene Hunters and Gatherers.” (top of page)

25. p. 343 The Most Significant Archaeological Sites Discussed in Ch. 13, “Early Holocene Hunters and Gatherers.” (bottom of page)

26. p. 347 Time line for Ch. 14 “Food Production.”

27. p. 386 The Most Significant Archaeological Sites Discussed in Ch. 14 “Food Production.” (top of page)

28. p. 386 The Most Significant Archaeological Sites Discussed in Ch. 14 “Food Production.” (bottom of page)

29. p. 397 Time line for Old World civilizations.

30. p. 409 Time line for New World civilizations.

31. p. 424 The Most Significant Archaeological Site Discussed in Ch. 15, “The First Civilizations.”

32. 1. What is it? 2. Why is it important? 3. When did it happen? for items from the “Table of Contents” studying from the text

37. continue on in a similar manner with the rest of the chapters 1. What is it? 2. Why is it important? 3. When did it happen?

38. continue on in a similar manner with the rest of the chapters 1. What is it? 2. Why is it important? 3. When did it happen?

39. What about the names of people? studying from the text

40. names of people know the major figures from Bishop Ussher through the present generally these are people whose pictures are in the text chapters, or who are discussed at some length in class

41. Know the people singled out in the Contents sections

44. studying from the text

45. important people / works Charles Darwin (1809 - 1882) Origin of Species 1859 Descent of Man 1871

46. 10 th Ed. pp. 26-29 Charles Darwin

47. important people / works

48. Thomas Malthus 10 th Ed. p. 25

49. Thomas Malthus (1766-1834) “Essay on the Principle of Population” 1798 important people / works 10 th Ed. p. 25

50. important people / works

51. Linnaeus Developed a classification system for plants and animals. p. 22

52. important people / works

53. Lamarck Believed that species change was influenced by environmental change. He is known for his theory of the inheritance of acquired characteristics. 10 th Ed. p. 23

54. important people / works Lyell The father of geology, stated that the theory of uniformitarianism in his Principles of Geology. 10 th Ed. p. 26

55. important people / works

56. Alfred Russel Wallace Independently uncovered the key to the evolutionary process. 10 th Ed. p. 29

57. important people / works

58. REM: pay special attention to the definitions in the margins of the text studying from the text

60. have a look at the Glossary items on pp. 441-450 studying from the text

61. glossary biospecies paleospecies... and other terms introduced in class

62. terms / concepts from class handout – “History of Thought: ‘The Search for Human Origins’"

63. http://anthropology.tamu.edu/news/ the internet : Texas A&M

64. UMD’s Brick and Mortar Library virtual and real libraries

65. virtual library http://www.d.umn.edu/socanth/search.html http://www.jstor.org/jstor/

66. www.d.umn.edu/~troufs/PCforum/

67. individual fossils know major finds, according to group type –early on that means the basic type of find –e.g., Australopithecus (“South African ape”)

68. dates http://www.d.umn.edu/cla/faculty/troufs/anth1602/pctimes.html 5 – 7 mya Australopithecus (“South African Ape”) “robust” “gracile”

69. individual fossils know major finds, according to group type –early on that means the basic type of find –e.g., Australopithecus (“South African ape”) –later it means keeping track of the genus –e.g., “Australopithecus”

71. individual fossils know major finds, according to group type –early on that means the basic type of find –e.g., Australopithecus (“South African ape”) –later it means keeping track of the genus –e.g., “Early Homo” –toward the end (Chs. 10 - 16) that means keeping track of the species –e.g., Homo habilis, Homo erectus, Homo sapiens

73. important individual fossils will be discussed in class

74. e.g. of Individual fossils http://www.d.umn.edu/cla/faculty/troufs/anth1602/pcmajord.html

75. throughout the semester keep track of the major areas of change – bipedal walkingbipedal walking – stereoscopic visionstereoscopic vision – grasping handgrasping hand – brain development...brain development

76. –tool manufacturetool manufacture –huntinghunting –art and ritual –agriculture –language and speech major areas of change

77. – other cultural adaptations –development of civilization –... major areas of change

78. archaeological sites ? – names... – locations... – contents...

79. know major archaeological sites Olduvai... Laetoli... Hadar... Sterkfonein... Afar...

80. p. 424, Ch. 15 Significant Sites

81. p. 216, Ch. 9 “At a Glance”

82. p. 261, Ch. 11 “At a Glance”

83. p. 273, Ch. 11 “At a Glance”

84. p. 291, Ch. 12 “At a Glance”

85. p. 330, Ch. 13 “At a Glance”

86. p. 364, Ch. 14 “At a Glance”

87. p. 377, Ch. 14 “At a Glance”

88. p. 399, Ch. 15 “At a Glance”

89. p. 406, Ch. 15 “At a Glance”

90. p. 407, Ch. 16 p. 412, Ch. 15 “At a Glance”

91. p. 406, Ch. 15 “At a Glance”

92. p. 417, Ch. 15 “At a Glance”

93. sample exam questions http://www.d.umn.edu/cla/faculty/troufs/anth1602/pcexams.html

94. sample exam questions http://www.d.umn.edu/cla/faculty/troufs/anth1602/pcexams-mchoice.html#sample_quiz1

95. http://www.d.umn.edu/cla/faculty/troufs/anth1602/pcvideo_schedule.html in-class videos and films -- DAY

96. www.d.umn.edu/cla/faculty/troufs/anth1602/pcvideo_schedule_CEE.html#title in-class videos and films -- CEE

97. http://www.d.umn.edu/cla/faculty/troufs/anth1602/pcvideo_schedule.html in-class videos and films

98. http://www.d.umn.edu/cla/faculty/troufs/anth1602/pcvideo_schedule.html in-class videos and films

99. http://www.d.umn.edu/cla/faculty/troufs/anth1602/pcvideo_schedule.html

100. studying from the text don’t forget to have a look at the Glossary items on pp. 441- 450

101. text Index also have a look at the Index, pp. 475-489

102. text bibliography and have a look at the Bibliography, pp. 451-472