1. Thinking About Psychology The Science of Mind and Behavior 3e Charles T. Blair-Broeker & Randal M. Ernst PowerPoint Presentation Slides by Kent Korek Germantown High School Worth Publishers, © 2012

2. Social Context Domain

3. Nature, Nurture, Culture and Gender

4. The Psychology of Culture and Gender Module 21

5. Module Overview Culture Individualism and Collectivism Culture and Personality, Development, and AttachmentCulture and Personality, Development, and Attachment Ethnocentrism Culture and Gender Click on the any of the above hyperlinks to go to that section in the presentation.

6. Culture Module 21: The Psychology of Culture and Gender

7. Culture The shared attitudes, beliefs, norms, and behaviors of a group communicated from one generation to the next. The rules are passed from one generation to the next. The “software of our minds” Different from nationality, race, and ethnicity

8. David Matsumoto (1959- ) Psychologist and cross- cultural psychology expert. Called culture “the software of our minds”

9. Factors Influencing Culture Matsumoto suggests four factors influence culture –Population density –Climate –Resources –Technology

10. Population Density Societies with higher population densities require more rules for maintaining social order.

11. Climate Climate has profound influence on life- styles.

12. Resources Abundance or lack of resources has an influence on how the people of the culture behave.

13. Technology Inventions influence the interactions of people.

14. Individualism and Collectivism Module 21: The Psychology of Culture and Gender

15. Individualism Giving priority to personal goals over group goals and defining identity in terms of personal attributes rather than group identification

16. Collectivism Giving priority to the goals of the group (often the extended family or work group) and defining personal identity accordingly.

17. Individualism vs Collectivism

22. Individualism and Collectivism: Self-Concept Module 21: The Psychology of Culture and Gender

23. Self-Concept One’s sense of self Individualist cultures have an independent understanding of self –Are separate from others Collectivist cultures have an interdependent understanding of self –Are connected with others

24. Individualism and Collectivism: Motivation and Emotion Module 21: The Psychology of Culture and Gender

25. Achievement Motivation The desire to excel A product of one’s culture and cultural influences

26. Motivation and Culture Individualist cultures view motivation as an internal push and achievement as an individual triumph. Collectivist cultures view the desire to achieve as emerging from a sense of indebtedness or obligation to the group.

27. Culture and Personality, Development, and Attachment Module 21: The Psychology of Culture and Gender

28. Cross-Cultural Research Research that tests hypotheses on many groups of people to understand whether principles apply across cultures.

29. Culture-Specific Principles that are true only for people of a certain culture. Called culture-bound Opposite of universal principles which are true of people of all cultures

30. Culture and Personality, Development, and Attachment: Culture and Personality Module 21: The Psychology of Culture and Gender

31. Locus of Control Person’s perception of the source of control over fate or what happens in life: People with internal locus of control believe they control their fate through their behavior; people with external locus of control believe their fate is controlled by external circumstances.

32. Internal Locus of Control Person’s perception that they control their fate through their behavior Western (individualist) cultures tend to have an internal locus of control.

33. External Locus of Control Person’s perception that their fate is controlled by external circumstances Non-Western (collectivist) cultures tend to have an external locus of control.

34. Culture and Personality, Development, and Attachment: Developmental Psychology Module 21: The Psychology of Culture and Gender

35. Socialization Learning to become a member of a culture including behaviors the individual expects, and what is expected of the individual

36. Culture and Personality, Development, and Attachment: Attachment Module 21: The Psychology of Culture and Gender

37. Secure Attachment Parents in the United States value secure attachment with their children. Some other cultures consider such attachment as spoiling the child.

38. Ethnocentrism Module 21: The Psychology of Culture and Gender

39. Ethnocentrism The tendency to view the world through your own cultural filters. Not necessarily bad or good

40. Goals of Flexible Ethnocentrism Accepting that everyone is ethnocentric Realizing that culture filters can distort reality Realizing people of other cultures produce their own distortions of reality Learning to deal with our emotions, and our judgments of morality and personality as a result of ethnocentrism

41. Culture and Gender Module 21: The Psychology of Culture and Gender

42. Gender Our definition of male and female, based on socially and culturally influenced characteristics, as well as biology.

43. Gender Role A set of expected behaviors for males or for females.

44. Gender Identity Our sense of being male or female.

45. Gender Identity

46. The End

47. Teacher Information Types of Files –This presentation has been saved as a “basic” Powerpoint file. While this file format placed a few limitations on the presentation, it insured the file would be compatible with the many versions of Powerpoint teachers use. To add functionality to the presentation, teachers may want to save the file for their specific version of Powerpoint. Animation –Once again, to insure compatibility with all versions of Powerpoint, none of the slides are animated. To increase student interest, it is suggested teachers animate the slides wherever possible. Adding slides to this presentation –Teachers are encouraged to adapt this presentation to their personal teaching style. To help keep a sense of continuity, blank slides which can be copied and pasted to a specific location in the presentation follow this “Teacher Information” section.

48. Teacher Information Domain Coding –Just as the textbook is organized around the APA National Standards, these Powerpoints are coded to those same standards. Included at the top of almost every slide is a small stripe, color coded to the APA National Standards. Scientific Inquiry Domain Biopsychology Domain Development and Learning Domain Social Context Domain Cognition Domain Individual Variation Domain Applications of Psychological Science Domain Key Terms and Definitions in Red –To emphasize their importance, all key terms from the text and their definitions are printed in red. To maintain consistency, the definitions on the Powerpoint slides are identical to those in the textbook.

49. Teacher Information Hyperlink Slides - Immediately after the unit title slide, a page (usually slide #4 or #5) can be found listing all of the module’s subsections. While in slide show mode, clicking on any of these hyperlinks will take the user directly to the beginning of that subsection. This allows teachers quick access to each subsection. Continuity slides - Throughout this presentations there are slides, usually of graphics or tables, that build on one another. These are included for three purposes. By presenting information in small chunks, students will find it easier to process and remember the concepts. By continually changing slides, students will stay interested in the presentation. To facilitate class discussion and critical thinking. Students should be encouraged to think about “what might come next” in the series of slides. Please feel free to contact me at korek@germantown.k12.wi.us with any questions, concerns, suggestions, etc. regarding these presentations.korek@germantown.k12.wi.us Kent Korek Germantown High School Germantown, WI 53022

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