1. STATES OF
MATTER

2. States of Matter Title: States of Matter
Problem: How do solids, liquids, and gases differ in the motion of their particles?
Hypothesis/Initial Thoughts:

3. There are Four States of Matter
We will focus on the main 3
Solid
Liquid
Gas

4. Data/Observation:
Use the information in this presentation to take notes and fill in the table on solid, liquid, and gas
Do not glue in your table until we are finished with notes

5. STATES OF MATTER Based on particle arrangement energy of particles
distance between particles

6. Change of State
A compound or element can move from one state to another, but can still be the same substance.
How can this happen? The answer lies in the motion of the atoms in matter.
Temperature or pressure changes state can change
Energy (heat) added  atoms move faster
energy (heat) taken away  atoms move slower.

7. Kinetic Theory of Matter
Matter is made up of particles which are in continual random motion.

8. STATES OF MATTER SOLIDS
Particles of solids vibrate back and forth but are closely locked in position.
Solids have a definite shape and a definite volume.
Heat

9. STATES OF MATTER LIQUID
Particles of liquids are tightly packed, but are far enough apart to slide over one another, allowing liquids to flow.
Liquids have an indefinite shape and a definite volume.
Heat

10. STATES OF MATTER GAS
Particles of gases are very far apart and move freely (idependently).
Gases have an indefinite shape and an indefinite volume.
Heat

12. PHASE CHANGES Gas Loss in heat Liquid Gain in heat Solid Vaporization
CONDENSATION
DEPOSITION
Vaporization
Liquid
Gain in heat
FREEZING
Sublimation
Melting
Solid

13. Copy this Diagram

14. What is the fourth state of matter?
Plasma
You do not need to take notes
This is for your information only

15. Will everything just be a gas?
What happens if you raise the temperature to super-high levels… between 1000°C and 1,000,000,000°C ?
Will everything just be a gas?

16. STATES OF MATTER PLASMA
A plasma is an ionized gas.
A plasma is a very good conductor of electricity and is affected by magnetic fields.
Plasmas, like gases have an indefinite shape and an indefinite volume.
Plasma is the
common state
of matter

17. STATES OF MATTER LIQUID PLASMA SOLID GAS
Tightly packed, in a regular pattern
Vibrate, but do not move from place to place
Close together with no regular arrangement.
Vibrate, move about, and slide past each other
Well separated with no regular arrangement.
Vibrate and move freely at high speeds
Has no definite volume or shape and is composed of electrical charged particles

18. Some places where plasmas are found…
Flames

19. Lightning

20. Aurora (Northern Lights)

21. Plasma Lamp

22. The Sun is an example of a star in its plasma state
The sun's enormous heat rips electrons off the hydrogen and helium molecules that make up the sun. It is a great big ball of plasma.

24. Arrangement of particles
Review:
Property
Gas
Liquid
Solid
Shape
Volume
Movement of particles
Arrangement of particles
Picture
No definite shape. Takes the shape of the container
No definite shape. Takes the shape of the container
Definite shape
No definite volume. Fills the container
Definite volume.
Definite volume.
Move freely and independently at high speeds and collide frequently
Collide and slide past each other
Can only vibrate
Well separated with no regular arrangement
Close together with no regular arrangement
Tightly packed in a regular pattern

25. Links for Change of State
Study Jams
MR. EDMONDS!!!!
Animation
Close up of particles
Close up of particles 2
Changes in State Quiz