1. train4dev Training for Development September-December 2006SWAP Joint Learning Event1 Supporting Sector Programmes Senior Level Session Transport Sector Dar es Salaam 1.12.2006

2. train4dev Training for Development September-December 2006SWAP Joint Learning Event2 Purpose 1.Identify major issues and challenges for harmonisation and alignment at sector level 2.Develop common understanding of the Sector Wide Approach, and the components of a Sector Programme 3.Discuss possible next steps to move the process forward

3. train4dev Training for Development September-December 2006SWAP Joint Learning Event3 The Aid Agenda & key SWAp concepts Sector Approach Support to Sector Programmes Sector Programme

4. train4dev Training for Development September-December 2006SWAP Joint Learning Event4 The lessons leading to the aid agenda Failure to improve the lives of the poorest Low aid effectiveness due to:  Weak states  Fragmentation  Multiple donors and approaches  Skewed accountability

5. train4dev Training for Development September-December 2006SWAP Joint Learning Event5 Harmonisation & Alignment

6. train4dev Training for Development September-December 2006SWAP Joint Learning Event6 The result: Programme Based Approaches “PBA is a way of engaging in development cooperation based on the principle of co- ordinated support for a locally owned programme of development such as a national poverty reduction strategy, a sector programme, a thematic programme or a programme of a specific organisation”

7. train4dev Training for Development September-December 2006SWAP Joint Learning Event7 The process is… …country driven, not donor driven …partnership based …results- oriented …comprehensive – reflecting multi-dimensions of poverty …prioritised: implementation feasible …participatory, involving parliament & civil society Core principles

8. train4dev Training for Development September-December 2006SWAP Joint Learning Event8 What is a ‘Sector’? Defined by the government Wide to ensure coherence, narrow to limit complexity Fairly coherent & consistent policy Institutional framework Budget framework Links to macro framework

9. train4dev Training for Development September-December 2006SWAP Joint Learning Event9 Use/support/strengthen partners’ systems, harmonise donor systems What is the Sector Approach? Ensure local ownership over decision-making on policy, strategy and spending. Increase coherence between policy, spending and actual results A way of working of government and partners with three distinct objectives:

10. train4dev Training for Development September-December 2006SWAP Joint Learning Event10 What is a Sector Programme? A Sector Programme is a product of the Sector Approach. It is a government (not donor) programme

11. train4dev Training for Development September-December 2006SWAP Joint Learning Event11 Sector programmes: 5 typical elements Sector policy in macro-framework Public finance management Accountability & Performance monitoring Institutions and capacities Aid alignment and harmonisation Services and enabling environment

12. train4dev Training for Development September-December 2006SWAP Joint Learning Event12 Five means of donor support to emerging or existing SPs Sector programme Financial support Facilitation, catalyzing, networking Foster knowledge acquisition Joint policy dialogue Pursue the sector approach

13. train4dev Training for Development September-December 2006SWAP Joint Learning Event13 Three financing modalities for support to a SP...or a combination of these Budget support Donor procedures Pooled funding

14. train4dev Training for Development September-December 2006SWAP Joint Learning Event14 Financing modalities Other Sector national budget revenues support ‘Pool Fund’ Donor X Donor Y Donor X Through Treasury Co-financed activities Projects Sector Programme Donor Z

15. train4dev Training for Development September-December 2006SWAP Joint Learning Event15 What a SWAp is not… A financing modality (basket fund, budget support)… Government decides, donors accepts… Donors gang up to twist arm on government… Government and donors crowding out civil society and private sector

16. train4dev Training for Development September-December 2006SWAP Joint Learning Event16 What a SWAp can be.. Focusing on strengthening the nation/sector involving all stakeholders Building trust through mutual transparency and patient dialogue Dealing with the real, and often thorny issues and trade-offs in sectors Strengthening domestic ownership and accountability

17. train4dev Training for Development September-December 2006SWAP Joint Learning Event17 Typical challenges in SWAp For donors:  back off, take the back seat  recognise own limited capacity to understand and deal with complexity  accept that ownership is more important than perfection  curb disbursement and visibility pressure  patience and humility

18. train4dev Training for Development September-December 2006SWAP Joint Learning Event18 Typical challenges in SWAp For governments:  open books and embrace dialogue – also on sensitive issues  build some order in own house  get results on the agenda, curbing patron- client relations  patience and humility

19. train4dev Training for Development September-December 2006SWAP Joint Learning Event19 Joint challenges Initially higher transaction costs Balance quick results with long term capacity development Get a critical mass of development partners and national sectors aboard Take decentralisation into account