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Published byMeredith Parsons Modified over 9 years ago
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The Moon
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The effects of the Moon Phases of the moon Eclipses Tides
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Why does the moon have phases? The changing relative positions of the moon, Earth, and sun cause the phases of the moon!
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Why do eclipses occur? Sometimes the Earth, sun, and moon line up so that one object is blocking or shadowing another
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Why does the Earth have tides? The sun and moon pull on the Earth’s water causing the tides to rise
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Phases of the Moon
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Tides Periodic rise and fall of large bodies of water caused by the gravitational attraction of the moon to the Earth.
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High Tide Outward bulge of water. Occurs twice per day
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Low Tide Trough left by the movement of water to the two bulges. Occurs twice per day
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Spring Tide Full or new moon causes the gravity of sun and moon to combine causing extreme high and low tides
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Neap tide Moon is in Quarter phase causing the gravity of the sun and moon to cancel each other. (Sun and moon pull at a right angle) Smaller difference between high and low tides
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The tide cycle The Tide Cycle
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The Moon’s Tilted Orbit The moon’s orbit is tilted by 5 degrees, so it is infrequent for the sun, moon, and earth to all line up. When these objects do align, eclipses occur.
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Eclipse When the moon’s shadow hits Earth or Earth’s shadow hits the moon, an eclipse occurs
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Types of Eclipses Solar eclipse – solar is Latin for sun Occurs when the moon passes directly between Earth and the sun, blocking sunlight from Earth Lunar eclipse - lunar is Latin for moon Occurs when Earth blocks sunlight from reaching the moon
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Solar Eclipse umbra penumbra
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Total Solar Eclipse – Light from the sun is completely blocked by the moon; within the umbra – Umbra- the very darkest part of the moon’s shadow on Earth Partial Solar Eclipse – Part of the sun is visible from Earth within the penumbra – Penumbra- larger part of the moon’s shadow on Earth
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Total Lunar Eclipse When the moon is in Earth’s umbra, a total lunar eclipse occurs. Can be seen anywhere on Earth that the moon is visible Partial Lunar Eclipse Occurs when the moon passes partly into the umbra of Earth’s shadow; can appear orange The edge of the umbra appears blurry, and you can watch it pass across the moon for two or three hours.
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