1. All work and no play…

2. The APUSH Review You say you want a revolution? the revolution era

3. "Salutary Neglect” Between 1713 and 1763 American colonials saw reduced gov't intervention in colonial affairs.Between 1713 and 1763 American colonials saw reduced gov't intervention in colonial affairs. Britain felt that if the colonies were left alone to run their own affairs with minimal interference, they would produce more wealth and commerce, prosper, and cause less trouble.Britain felt that if the colonies were left alone to run their own affairs with minimal interference, they would produce more wealth and commerce, prosper, and cause less trouble. Britain would simply provide peace, protection, commerce, law and order, and immigrantsBritain would simply provide peace, protection, commerce, law and order, and immigrants Colonies left to raise &equip own militia against the Indians.Colonies left to raise &equip own militia against the Indians. In effect, colonies left alone; had to develop self-reliance; effective organizationIn effect, colonies left alone; had to develop self-reliance; effective organization

4. The Mercantilist System Colonies exist for the benefit of the mother countryColonies exist for the benefit of the mother country –add to empire's wealth, prosperity, and self-sufficiency. –seen as tenants –benefit Great Britain by ensuring British naval supremacy by furnishing ships, ships' stores, sailors and trade –provide a large consumer market for British goods. –keep gold & silver in the empire by growing cash crops like sugar that would otherwise have to be purchased from foreigners –Navigation Laws passed to enforce the system – restricted colonial trade

5. The Good and the Bad Positive results of British Mercantilism 1. Until 1763, Laws not an intolerable economic burden 2. Colonials had rights of Englishmen and unusual opportunities for self-government 3. Colonies enjoyed British military protection free of charge 4. Colonies greatly profited from manufacturing and trading.Positive results of British Mercantilism 1. Until 1763, Laws not an intolerable economic burden 2. Colonials had rights of Englishmen and unusual opportunities for self-government 3. Colonies enjoyed British military protection free of charge 4. Colonies greatly profited from manufacturing and trading. Negative impact of mercantilism 1. Colonial economy did not develop as quickly 2. Southern colonies favored by British -- New Englanders grew resentful. 3. Writs of Assistance -- Search warrants used by British customs officers to harass colonial shipping.Negative impact of mercantilism 1. Colonial economy did not develop as quickly 2. Southern colonies favored by British -- New Englanders grew resentful. 3. Writs of Assistance -- Search warrants used by British customs officers to harass colonial shipping.

6. Act I, Scene I Molasses Act (1733) -- Imposed heavy duties(6-pence duty) on all molasses, rum and sugar imported form French Caribbean.Molasses Act (1733) -- Imposed heavy duties(6-pence duty) on all molasses, rum and sugar imported form French Caribbean. Currency Act (1764) -- restricted colonial printing of paper money so they would pay back their debts and taxes with hard currencyCurrency Act (1764) -- restricted colonial printing of paper money so they would pay back their debts and taxes with hard currency Sugar Acts (1764) -- Aimed to regulate illegal triangular trade to collect duties that the colonists had been averting for decades.Sugar Acts (1764) -- Aimed to regulate illegal triangular trade to collect duties that the colonists had been averting for decades. Quartering Act (1765) -- Certain colonies required to provide food & quarters for British troops.Quartering Act (1765) -- Certain colonies required to provide food & quarters for British troops.

7. Act II The Stamp Act (1765) -- Perhaps the single most important event leading to the American RevolutionThe Stamp Act (1765) -- Perhaps the single most important event leading to the American Revolution –Purpose: Raise revenues to support the new military force in the colonies –Required use of stamped paper or affixed stamps certifying payment of tax. –Colonists believed "virtual representation" was neither adequate nor justified -- "No taxation w/o representation" –Resulted in the Stamp Act Congress – no power, but created venue for colonies to work together Townshend Acts (1767)Townshend Acts (1767) –Meant to punish the colonies for the Stamp Act uproar –Provisions: Small import duty on glass, white lead, paper, paint, silk and tea. –Revenues from taxes to pay the salaries of royal governors and judges –Led to the “Boston Massacre” and the Committees of Correspondence

8. Act III Tea Act (1773)Tea Act (1773) –British gov't granted British East India Company a monopoly of American tea business. –Americans reacted angrily: saw Act as a sneaky attempt to trick colonies to accept the tax through cheaper tea. –Boston Tea Party, Dec. 16, 1773 -- Sons of Liberty dumped the tea into the harbor. "Intolerable Acts" (Coercive Acts)"Intolerable Acts" (Coercive Acts) –Boston Port Act -- harbor remained closed until damages were paid –Massachusetts charter revoked –Administration of Justice Act: officials who killed colonists could now be tried in England instead of the colonies. –Quartering Act: Provided for the quartering of troops once again in Boston. –Quebec Act: religious and cultural freedom for French Canadians

9. the 1 st Continental Congress Response to "Intolerable Acts"Response to "Intolerable Acts" Main purpose: Petition for redress of grievances -- Declaration and ResolvesMain purpose: Petition for redress of grievances -- Declaration and Resolves The Association: most significant action of the CongressThe Association: most significant action of the Congress –called for a complete boycott of British goods: nonimportation, nonexportation, and nonconsumption. –Yet, Congress restated allegiance to the King –King and Parliament did not respond to Declaration and Resolves. Would have recognized the Congress’ right as a legislative body.Would have recognized the Congress’ right as a legislative body.

10. The shot heard round the world Lexington and Concord Parliament ordered the arrest of the leaders of the rebellionParliament ordered the arrest of the leaders of the rebellion a detachment of British redcoats sent secretly to Lexington & Concord to seize stores of gunpowdera detachment of British redcoats sent secretly to Lexington & Concord to seize stores of gunpowder Battle began when Minutemen refused to disperse on the Lexington Green and shots were fired.Battle began when Minutemen refused to disperse on the Lexington Green and shots were fired.

11. the British side StrengthsWeaknesses Population favored Britain: 7.5 million to 2.5 for the colonies.Population favored Britain: 7.5 million to 2.5 for the colonies. Superior monetary advantage and best navy in the worldSuperior monetary advantage and best navy in the world Indians sided with the British and wreaked havoc along the frontierIndians sided with the British and wreaked havoc along the frontier Britain had a 50,000 man professional army, 30,000 "Hessians" as mercenaries & 50,000 loyalistsBritain had a 50,000 man professional army, 30,000 "Hessians" as mercenaries & 50,000 loyalists Enormous distance made communication difficultEnormous distance made communication difficult America too large a region for Britain’s army to occupyAmerica too large a region for Britain’s army to occupy British generals in America were poor leadersBritish generals in America were poor leaders France was waiting for an opportunity to exact revengeFrance was waiting for an opportunity to exact revenge London gov't was confused and ineptLondon gov't was confused and inept

12. the American side StrengthsWeaknesses Outstanding leadershipOutstanding leadership Economic & military aid from FranceEconomic & military aid from France Defensive military tactics worked to their advantageDefensive military tactics worked to their advantage Agriculturally self- sustainingAgriculturally self- sustaining Colonials were competent marksmen; better than the redcoatsColonials were competent marksmen; better than the redcoats Moral advantage from belief in a just causeMoral advantage from belief in a just cause Badly organized for the war and a lack of unityBadly organized for the war and a lack of unity Jealousy among coloniesJealousy among colonies Money printed to the point that it was worthlessMoney printed to the point that it was worthless Military supplies were inadequateMilitary supplies were inadequate Morale in the army was undermined by opportunistic American profiteersMorale in the army was undermined by opportunistic American profiteers Only a select minority of colonials truly committed themselves to the causeOnly a select minority of colonials truly committed themselves to the cause

13. The Declaration Most Americans did not desire independence - proud to be British citizensMost Americans did not desire independence - proud to be British citizens Reasons for shift of loyaltyReasons for shift of loyalty –Hiring of Hessians –Brits promised slaves who fought would be freed - persuaded southerners to join the war effort. –No aid from France unless they declared independence Declaration not addressed to England, nor did signers expect any response from the king.Declaration not addressed to England, nor did signers expect any response from the king. 3 major parts:3 major parts: –Preamble - Stated the rights of colonists to break away if natural rights were not protected –List of 27 grievances of the colonies –Formal declaration of independence

14. Articles of Confederation Adopted in 1777 - first constitution in U.S. historyAdopted in 1777 - first constitution in U.S. history Set up by 2 nd Continental Congress to:Set up by 2 nd Continental Congress to: –organize a nation and an army –maintain civil order –establish international recognition and credit –defend its territory from the British –resolve internal quarrels and competition No power to: regulate trade, conscript troops, levy taxes.No power to: regulate trade, conscript troops, levy taxes. Power given to states - fearful of central authorityPower given to states - fearful of central authority Land Ordinance of 1785 - Acreage of the Old NW to be sold; proceeds to pay national debt.Land Ordinance of 1785 - Acreage of the Old NW to be sold; proceeds to pay national debt. Northwest Ordinance of 1787 - Territories would become a state when it had 60k inhabitants; equal status w/other states.Northwest Ordinance of 1787 - Territories would become a state when it had 60k inhabitants; equal status w/other states.

15. Making of the Peace Treaty of Paris of 1783: Britain formally recognized US independence Granted US generous boundaries stretching to the Mississippi to the Great Lakes and to Spanish FloridaGranted US generous boundaries stretching to the Mississippi to the Great Lakes and to Spanish Florida British promised troops would not take slaves from America.British promised troops would not take slaves from America. American concessions:American concessions: –Loyalists could not be further persecuted –Confiscated Loyalist property be restored –America was to pay British creditors for debts long owed America alone gained from the warAmerica alone gained from the war –Britain lost colonies and other territories –France got revenge but was bankrupt leading to the French Revolution.

16. Was the Revolution radical? Made the interests and prosperity of ordinary people - the pursuit of happiness - the goal of governmentMade the interests and prosperity of ordinary people - the pursuit of happiness - the goal of government Changed the personal and social relationships of peopleChanged the personal and social relationships of people –Made possible egalitarian thinking: subsequent anti-slavery and women's rights movements and destroyed aristocracy Brought respectability to ordinary people long held in contempt - gave dignity to their menial labor in a manner unprecedented in historyBrought respectability to ordinary people long held in contempt - gave dignity to their menial labor in a manner unprecedented in history Brought about an entirely new kind of popular politics and a new kind of democratic officeholderBrought about an entirely new kind of popular politics and a new kind of democratic officeholder Released powerful popular entrepreneurial and commercial energies that few realized existed - transformation occurred without the industrial revolution, urbanization, & railroadsReleased powerful popular entrepreneurial and commercial energies that few realized existed - transformation occurred without the industrial revolution, urbanization, & railroads