1. DC2004 xingxing_yao@pku.org.cn1/36 Duan Minglian, Yao Xingxing, Zhang Jiuzhen Dept. of Lib. and Inf. Science, Peking Univ. A Study on Audiovisual Metadata

2. DC2004 xingxing_yao@pku.org.cn2/36 Introduction

3. DC2004 xingxing_yao@pku.org.cn3/36 Supported by the National Social Science Foundation of China, A project entitled Innovative Study on Audiovisual Metadata and its Retrieval has been in progress since March 2002, at the Department of Information Management, Peking University.

4. DC2004 xingxing_yao@pku.org.cn4/36 1 Study Design

5. DC2004 xingxing_yao@pku.org.cn5/36 Three Preparative Studies First, the status of audiovisual information resources and their characteristics were collected by a web survey and then analyzed to substantiate our objects.

6. DC2004 xingxing_yao@pku.org.cn6/36 Three Preparative Studies Second, general users’ and managers’ needs were examined carefully through a questionnaire survey.

7. DC2004 xingxing_yao@pku.org.cn7/36 Three Preparative Studies Third, existing metadata methods and projects on audiovisual resources were investigated and explored to get an overview.

8. DC2004 xingxing_yao@pku.org.cn8/36 2 Characteristics of Audiovisual resources

9. DC2004 xingxing_yao@pku.org.cn9/36 Characteristics of Audiovisual resources  Large Amounts, Rapid Increase.  Various Types, Different Formats.  Widely Distributed Collecting Organizations, Large Holdings.  Special Characteristics, Serious Information Organization Problems.

10. DC2004 xingxing_yao@pku.org.cn10/36 OrientalSpaceTime Oriental People Live Broadcast Stories of Grassroots Another unique title for every program for every program A Program Called “Oriental Space Time” from China Central TV station

11. DC2004 xingxing_yao@pku.org.cn11/36 Various information: creator (such as actor, singer, player, speaker, director, etc.) playing time, start point, end point, system, aspect ratio, sound characteristics, color, projection speed, playing speed and so on. As for date, there are copyright validity dates, first playing dates, last playing dates, license time and manufacture dates.

12. DC2004 xingxing_yao@pku.org.cn12/36 3 Users’ Needs

13. DC2004 xingxing_yao@pku.org.cn13/36 Figure 2 ： Responses of users’ needs

14. DC2004 xingxing_yao@pku.org.cn14/36 Figure 3 ： Responses of users’ needs

15. DC2004 xingxing_yao@pku.org.cn15/36 Users’ needs are summarized as the following: a. Most users are young to middle-aged people, with higher educational background. b. Users’ needs vary distinctively. The objective resources and users’ works or hobbies are closely related. c. To satisfy special demands of different users, different organizations provide entirely different services.

16. DC2004 xingxing_yao@pku.org.cn16/36 4 Our Study on Audiovisual Metadata Set

17. DC2004 xingxing_yao@pku.org.cn17/36 4.1 Principles of Design a. User’s Needs Principle. b. Simplicity and Operability Principle. c. Breadth and Depth Principle. d. Open and Extensibility Principle. e. Interoperability Principle

18. DC2004 xingxing_yao@pku.org.cn18/36 4.2 Description layers of audiovisual resources

19. DC2004 xingxing_yao@pku.org.cn19/36 Collective layer Individual layer Analytic layer Audio information: a series of … Static pictures: a group of picture Videos: series TV play, or a column Static pictures: a picture of the group Audio information: a tape of the series Videos: a program of the play or column Static pictures: an object of the picture Audio information: a song of the tape Videos: a segment of the program Is part of Has parts Resources

20. DC2004 xingxing_yao@pku.org.cn20/36 4.3 Audiovisual Metadata Set

21. DC2004 xingxing_yao@pku.org.cn21/36 Referred to DC elements and qualifiers, our Audiovisual Metadata Set presents 15 elements and 84 qualifiers altogether.

22. DC2004 xingxing_yao@pku.org.cn22/36 Elements: Title Creator Subject and Keywords Description Publisher Contributor Date Resource Type

23. DC2004 xingxing_yao@pku.org.cn23/36 Elements : Format Resource Identifier Source Language Relation Rights Management Physical Description

24. DC2004 xingxing_yao@pku.org.cn24/36 Qualifiers for the element “Description” : notes, abstracts, audience, awards, tableOfContents, version, colorMode, shootingPlace, cameraMotion, sceneRange, cameraAngle, placeofCollection, and holdingInstitution.

25. DC2004 xingxing_yao@pku.org.cn25/36 Qualifiers for the element “Date” : created, issued, modified, valid, published, manufactured, copyright, firstBroadcasted, broadcasted, shot.

26. DC2004 xingxing_yao@pku.org.cn26/36 Qualifiers for the element “Language” : track, subtitle and ISO639-2 (Code System Qualifier)

27. DC2004 xingxing_yao@pku.org.cn27/36 Qualifiers for the element “Rights Management” : secretLevel, owner, kind, statement, user, authorizedScope, deadline, usage, and times.

28. DC2004 xingxing_yao@pku.org.cn28/36 Qualifiers for the element “Physical Description” : extentOfItem, playingTime, startPoint, endPoint, system, aspectRatio, specialProjectionCharacteristics, soundCharacteristics, trackConfiguration, color, projectionSpeed, and size.

29. DC2004 xingxing_yao@pku.org.cn29/36 Example 1: An Analytic Layer Record of the Video recording Title: 泰山日出 Creator [personal]: 刘慧, 摄像 Creator [personal]: 董平, 导演 Creator [personal]: 张政, 主持 Type: 动态图像 Physical Description [startPoint]: 00: 36: 52: 00 Physical Description [endPoint]: 00: 40: 39: 00 Description [abstracts]: 泰山日出、太阳及观日石 Description [shootingPlace]: 山东泰山 Date [shot]: 1997-10-01 Relation [isPartOf]: 山东泰安素材 Description [placeOfCollection]: 北京 Description [holdingInstitution]: 中央电视台 Identifier [callNumber]: S000007

30. DC2004 xingxing_yao@pku.org.cn30/36 Example 2: An Individual Layer Record of a Video recording Title: 山东泰安素材 Creator [personal]: 刘慧, 摄像 Creator [personal]: 董平, 导演 Creator [personal]: 张政, 主持 Type: 动态图像 Publisher [placeOfManufacture]: 北京 Publisher [manufacturerName]: 中央电视台 Date [manufactured]: 1997-10-01 Physical Description [extentOfItem]: 1 录像带 Physical Description [playingTime]: 94min. Physical Description [color]: 彩色 Physical Description [startPoint]: 00: 01: 00: 00 Physical Description [endPoint]: 00: 94: 00: 00 Physical Description [system]: PAL

31. DC2004 xingxing_yao@pku.org.cn31/36 Language [track]: chi Description [notes]: 1997 年 10 月由山东泰安电视台负责赴泰安拍摄 。 Description [abstracts]: 拍摄了山东泰山的正阳门、岱庙、南天门 、岱庙大殿里的房顶、碧霞祠、大佛像等建筑；泰山风景，如， 泰山山景、岱庙古树、树结、石碑、石刻、岩石松、高山流水、 石头小路、群山等；尤其是泰山的日出、日落和山雾；泰山的挑 山夫、爬山的儿童、登山的人、农民、岱庙执勤民警。此外，还 拍摄了岱庙表演、皮影、泰山脚下招待所全景、房子。 Description [shootingPlace]: 中国山东泰山 Date [shot]: 1997-10-01 Description [placeOfCollection]: 北京 Description [holdingInstitution]: 中央电视台 Identifier [callNumber]: S000007 Rights Management [owner]: 中央电视台 Rights Management [authorizedScope]: 可在国内与海外播放 Rights Management [deadline]: 2002-11-01 至 0000-00-00

32. DC2004 xingxing_yao@pku.org.cn32/36 5 Conclusion and Future works

33. DC2004 xingxing_yao@pku.org.cn33/36  The Audiovisual Metadata Set is just a preliminary achievement of our project.  The mapping of our set to both DC and MARC (CNMARC and USMARC) is listed in our full report as a form. This lays the foundation of future interoperation among these metadata sets.  Work is still in progress!

34. DC2004 xingxing_yao@pku.org.cn34/36 Some of the future tasks  To evaluate and refine the Audiovisual Metadata Set through real application.  To encode the Set both with XML Document Type Definition and RDF Schema.  To register the Set with authoritative metadata registries.  To popularize the Set by publishing.

35. DC2004 xingxing_yao@pku.org.cn35/36  To design an audiovisual resource management system and to develop guidelines for it.  To accelerate the efficient retrieval mechanism of audiovisual resources.  To realize the interoperation among different metadata sets.  To construct a well-suited Digital video library and then offer convenient services for users.

36. DC2004 xingxing_yao@pku.org.cn36/36 Thank you for your attention!