1. 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 $1 Million $500,000 $250,000 $125,000 $64,000 $32,000 $16,000 $8,000 $4,000 $2,000 $1,000 $500 $300 $200 $100 Welcome to Who Wants to be a Millionaire 50:50

2. 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 $1 Million $500,000 $250,000 $125,000 $64,000 $32,000 $16,000 $8,000 $4,000 $2,000 $1,000 $500 $300 $200 $100

3. A: 7 C: 1 B: 5 D: 6 50:50 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 $1 Million $500,000 $250,000 $125,000 $64,000 $32,000 $16,000 $8,000 $4,000 $2,000 $1,000 $500 $300 $200 $100 $100 Question What rating is for age-appropriate functioning with no concerns?

4. A: 7 C: 1 B: 5 D: 6 50:50 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 $1 Million $500,000 $250,000 $125,000 $64,000 $32,000 $16,000 $8,000 $4,000 $2,000 $1,000 $500 $300 $200 $100 $100 Question What rating is for age-appropriate functioning with no concerns?

5. Additional explanation After each question, there will be a slide explaining the correct answer. If there are no questions about why the answer was correct, skip the explanatory slide and go on to the next question.

6. 7 Child shows functioning expected for his or her age in all or almost all everyday situations that are part of the child’s life Functioning is considered appropriate for his or her age No one has any concerns about the child’s functioning in this outcome area 6

7. 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 $1 Million $500,000 $250,000 $125,000 $64,000 $32,000 $16,000 $8,000 $4,000 $2,000 $1,000 $500 $300 $200 $100

8. A. a skill that is common for kids at their chronological age C: a skill that most children have several years age-expected functioning B. an intervention used to develop important skills D: a skill that occurs just prior to age-expected functioning 50:50 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 $1 Million $500,000 $250,000 $125,000 $64,000 $32,000 $16,000 $8,000 $4,000 $2,000 $1,000 $500 $300 $200 $100 $500 Question What is an immediate foundational skill?

9. A. a skill that is common for kids at their chronological age C. a skill that most children have several years age-expected functioning B. an intervention used to develop important skills D. a skill that occurs just prior to age-expected functioning 50:50 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 $1 Million $500,000 $250,000 $125,000 $64,000 $32,000 $16,000 $8,000 $4,000 $2,000 $1,000 $500 $300 $200 $100 $500 Question What is an immediate foundational skill?

10. Immediate Foundational Skills Foundational Skills Immediate Foundational Skills Age Expected Functioning Skills that serve as the base for later skills are called foundational skills. The set of skills and behaviors that emerge just prior to age expected functioning are called immediate foundational skills.

11. 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 $1 Million $500,000 $250,000 $125,000 $64,000 $32,000 $16,000 $8,000 $4,000 $2,000 $1,000 $500 $300 $200 $100

12. A: 5 C: 3 B: 4 D: Two of these 50:50 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 $1 Million $500,000 $250,000 $125,000 $64,000 $32,000 $16,000 $8,000 $4,000 $2,000 $1,000 $500 $300 $200 $100 $1,000 Question Andrew is showing a mix of age- appropriate and not yet age- appropriate skills. The rating?

13. A: 5 C: 3 B: 4 D: Two of these: A or B, depending on the mix 50:50 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 $1 Million $500,000 $250,000 $125,000 $64,000 $32,000 $16,000 $8,000 $4,000 $2,000 $1,000 $500 $300 $200 $100 $1,000 Question Andrew is showing a mix of age- appropriate and not yet age- appropriate skills. The rating?

14. 5 Child shows functioning expected for his or her age some of the time and/or in some settings and situations Child’s functioning is a mix of age-appropriate and not age-appropriate behaviors and skills Child’s functioning might be described as like that of a slightly younger child

15. 4 Child shows occasional age-appropriate functioning across settings and situations More functioning is not age-appropriate than age-appropriate.

16. Congratulations! You’ve Reached the $1,000 Milestone! Congratulations!

17. 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 $1 Million $500,000 $250,000 $125,000 $64,000 $32,000 $16,000 $8,000 $4,000 $2,000 $1,000 $500 $300 $200 $100

18. A: 3 C: 2 B: 4 D: 1 50:50 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 $1 Million $500,000 $250,000 $125,000 $64,000 $32,000 $16,000 $8,000 $4,000 $2,000 $1,000 $500 $300 $200 $100 $2,000 Question Maria shows occasional immediate foundational skills, though not yet any age- appropriate functioning. The rating?

19. A: 3 C: 2 B: 4 D: 1 50:50 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 $1 Million $500,000 $250,000 $125,000 $64,000 $32,000 $16,000 $8,000 $4,000 $2,000 $1,000 $500 $300 $200 $100 $2,000 Question Maria shows occasional immediate foundational skills, though not yet any age- appropriate functioning. The rating?

20. 2 Child occasionally uses immediate foundational skills across settings and situations More functioning reflects skills that are not immediate foundational than are immediate foundational

21. 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 $1 Million $500,000 $250,000 $125,000 $64,000 $32,000 $16,000 $8,000 $4,000 $2,000 $1,000 $500 $300 $200 $100

22. A: 3 C: 2 B: 1 D: Either 1 or 2 50:50 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 $1 Million $500,000 $250,000 $125,000 $64,000 $32,000 $16,000 $8,000 $4,000 $2,000 $1,000 $500 $300 $200 $100 $16,000 Question James has shown lots of progress. He has early skills and can accomplish new tasks, but does not yet have immediate foundational or age-expected skills. The rating?

23. A: 3 C: 2 B: 1 D: Either 1 or 2 50:50 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 $1 Million $500,000 $250,000 $125,000 $64,000 $32,000 $16,000 $8,000 $4,000 $2,000 $1,000 $500 $300 $200 $100 $16,000 Question James has shown lots of progress. He has early skills and can accomplish new tasks, but does not yet have immediate foundational or age-expected skills. The rating?

24. 1 Child does not yet show functioning expected of a child his or her age in any situation Child’s functioning does not yet include immediate foundational skills upon which to build age-appropriate functioning Child functioning reflects skills that developmentally come before immediate foundational skills Child’s functioning might be described as like that of a much younger child

25. 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 $1 Million $500,000 $250,000 $125,000 $64,000 $32,000 $16,000 $8,000 $4,000 $2,000 $1,000 $500 $300 $200 $100

26. A: 5 C: 7 B: 6 D: 4 50:50 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 $1 Million $500,000 $250,000 $125,000 $64,000 $32,000 $16,000 $8,000 $4,000 $2,000 $1,000 $500 $300 $200 $100 $32,000 Question Aside from the concern regarding 42-month old Anna’s occasional hitting, she has all the early skills in social relationships that we expect for a child this age.

27. A: 5 C: 7 B: 6 D: 4 50:50 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 $1 Million $500,000 $250,000 $125,000 $64,000 $32,000 $16,000 $8,000 $4,000 $2,000 $1,000 $500 $300 $200 $100 $32,000 Question Aside from the concern regarding 42-month old Anna’s occasional hitting, she has all the early skills in social relationships that we expect for a child this age.

28. 6 Child’s functioning generally is considered appropriate for his or her age but there are some significant concerns about the child’s functioning in this outcome area These concerns are substantial enough to suggest monitoring or possible additional support Although age-appropriate, the child’s functioning may border on not keeping pace with age expectations

29. Congratulations! You’ve Reached the $32,000 Milestone!

30. 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 $1 Million $500,000 $250,000 $125,000 $64,000 $32,000 $16,000 $8,000 $4,000 $2,000 $1,000 $500 $300 $200 $100

31. A: Mention of no age-expected functioning C: Mention of occasional age- expected functioning B: Description of many immediate foundational skills D: Two of these 50:50 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 $1 Million $500,000 $250,000 $125,000 $64,000 $32,000 $16,000 $8,000 $4,000 $2,000 $1,000 $500 $300 $200 $100 $250,000 Question Evidence for a rating of 3 would include…

32. A: Mention of no age-expected functioning C: Mention of occasional age- expected functioning B: Description of many immediate foundational skills D: Two of these: A & B 50:50 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 $1 Million $500,000 $250,000 $125,000 $64,000 $32,000 $16,000 $8,000 $4,000 $2,000 $1,000 $500 $300 $200 $100 $250,000 Question Evidence for a rating of 3 would include…

33. 3 Child does not yet show functioning expected of a child of his or her age in any situation Child uses immediate foundational skills, most or all of the time across settings and situations Immediate foundational skills are the skills upon which to build age-appropriate functioning Functioning might be described as like that of a younger child

34. 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 $1 Million $500,000 $250,000 $125,000 $64,000 $32,000 $16,000 $8,000 $4,000 $2,000 $1,000 $500 $300 $200 $100

35. A: True C: Either true or false could be right B: False D: It is impossible to have a 5 at entry and exit 50:50 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 $1 Million $500,000 $250,000 $125,000 $64,000 $32,000 $16,000 $8,000 $4,000 $2,000 $1,000 $500 $300 $200 $100 $500,000 Question A child who has a COS rating of 5 at entry and 5 at exit one year later did not make progress.

36. A: True C: Either true or false could be right B: False D: It is impossible to have a 5 at entry and exit 50:50 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 $1 Million $500,000 $250,000 $125,000 $64,000 $32,000 $16,000 $8,000 $4,000 $2,000 $1,000 $500 $300 $200 $100 $500,000 Question A child who has a COS rating of 5 at entry and 5 at exit one year later did not make progress.

37. The “progress” question b. Has the child shown any new skills or behaviors related to [this outcome] since the last outcomes summary? This question is answered “yes” if the child has acquired ANY new skill or shown any improvement related to this outcome since the last COS was completed, e.g., One new word One new gesture

38. 1.Acquisition of new skills – Which almost all children do over time 2.Change in rate of growth or developmental trajectory – The goal of intervention for many children is to change their developmental trajectory so they are functioning like or closer to same aged peers. Children can show two kinds of growth