1. EECERA Conference 2013 Tallinn University An international project on Preschool teachers’ view on toddler's learning and participation SYMPOSIUM

2. International project - participants Stig Broström Aarhus University, Copenhagen Thorleif Frøkjær University College Copenhagen Inge Johansson Stockholm Universty Anette Sandberg Mälerdalens University Kay Margetts University of Melbourne Berenice Nyland RMIT University Christa Kieferle State Institute of Early Childhood Research, Munich Angela Roth State Institute of Early Childhood Research, Munich Anja Seifert University of Education, Ludwigsburg Aino Ugaste Tallinn University Kalliope Vrinioti University of Western Macdonia

3. An international study of preschool teachers’ view on toddler's learning and participation The aim of the international study is to investigate how preschool teachers in Sweden, Denmark, Estonia, German, Greece, and Australia reflect and describe toddler’s learning and participation in preschool (crèche). The study is a continuation of a previous studies

4. Previous research Earlier research done by members of the group of researchers from Sweden, Denmark, Estonia, German, Greece, and Australia: Learning and participation - two interrelated key- concepts in the preschool (Johansson and Sandberg, 2008) Danish and Swedish preschool teacher’s view on children’s learning and participation (Broström, Frøkjær, Johansson, and Sandberg, 2012) PAPER Preschool teacher’s view on children’s learning (Margetts, Broström, Frøkjær, Johansson, Kieferle, Nyland, Sandberg, Seifert, Roth, Vrinioti, and Ugaste, in preparation).

5. EECERA Conference 2013 Tallinn University Danish and Swedish preschool teachers’ view on toddler's learning and participation Report from Denmark and Sweden Inge Johansson Anette Sandberg Thorleif Frøkjær Stig Broström

6. Activities 1-3 years teachers 4-5 years teachers Situations which contributes to children’s social development 86 – 72 *81-61 Situations which build on children’s own initiatives 54-5857-63 Free play48-46 *43-55 Play where children and adults participate together 44-5040-45 Conflicts in every day life which children try to solve on their own 44-20 *44-43 Creative activities34-3328-30 Circle time29-15 *24-24 Activities to develop reading and writing19-2319-37 What is learning? Situations in preschool which first of all can be characterized as learning Left number Denmark, right Sweden

7. Activities 1-3 years teachers 4-5 years teachers Playing together with other children72-75 *73-72 Seeing what other children do and say67-6061-56 Seeing what adult do and say56-46 *46-38 Take initiatives to activities48-3952-63 Participating in activities together with adults 43-4440-46 Participating in different activities in every day life 50-3147-55 Being challenged by the adults48-4347-50 Becoming absorbed in something65-3167-46 Being allowed to be in peace and quiet34-3224-27 Adult instruction (show and explain)31-18 *25-16 How children learn: Most important circumstances for children’s learning in preschool How children learn: Most important circumstances for children’s learning in preschool

8. Activities 1-3 years teachers 4-5 years Teachers The children meet challenges adjusted to their level of development 67-6566-52 Children experience respect and security from adults 88-85 *85-85 Preschool teachers interact with children and support them 65-54 *59-67 Preschool teachers create conditions for children’s well-being 69-7572-64 Good collaboration with parents 35-2530-32 Children’s own choices without adult intervention 16-24 *15-28 Children get many experiences 33-3234-47 Most important preconditions for children’s learning

9. Activities 1-3 years teachers 4-5 years teachers The preschool teachers allow children to make independent choices 52-6454-62 To be a part of a group 79-66 *82-68 That the preschool teachers listen to children and understand their way of thinking 37-71 *37-76 That the preschool teachers encourage children to make their own decisions 52-5554-64 To have influence on what happens 49-6149-57 To be involved in current activities 48-34*43-33 To listen 37-3037-32 Preschool teacher’s understanding of the word participation