1. Definition of terms Photography Forensic
The art and science of reproducing image means of light through some sensitized material with the aid of camera, lens and accessories and the chemical process required in order to produce a photograph
Forensic
Derived from the latin word “forum” which means “a market place” where people gathered for public discussion
When used in conjunction with other sciences it connotes a relationship to the administration of justice. It is sometimes used interchangeably with the word legal.

2. Police Photography Photograph
The application of the principles of photography in relation to the police work and in the administration of justice
Photograph
The mechanical and chemical result of photography
Picture and photograph are not the same. Picture is a generic term which refers to all kinds of formed image while photoraph is an image that can only be a product of photography

3. Use of Photography Personal Identification Communication
Considered to be the first application of photoraphy in police work
Alphonse Bertillion was the first police to utilize photography in police work as a supplementary identification in the anthropometry system
Communication
Photograph is considered to be one of the most universal methods of communication considering that no other language can be known universally than photography

4. For Record Purposes General View Medium View Close-Up View
Considered to be the utmost use of photography in police work. Examples:
General View
Taking an over all view of the scene of the crime
Shows the direction and location of the crime scene
Medium View
Taking of photograph of the scene of the crime by dividing it into section
Best view of the nature of the crime
Close-Up View
Taking of individual photograph of the evidence at the scene of the crime
Designed to show the details of the crime
Extreme Close-Up View
Commonly designed in laboratory photographing using magnification

5. For Preservation
Crime scene and other physical evidence requires photograph for preservation purposes
Crime scene cannot be retained as is for a long period of time but through photograph the initial condition of the scene of the crime can be preserved properly

6. For Discovering and Proving
Photography can extend human vision in discovering and proving such as:
Use of Magnification:
Photomicrography
Taking a magnified photograph of small object through attaching a camera to the ocular of a compound microscope so as to show minute details of physical evidence
Photomacrography/ Macrophotography
Taking a magnified (enlarged) photoraph of small object by attaching an extended tube lens (macro lens) to the camera
Microphotography
Process of reducing into small strips of film a scenario
First used in film making
Telephotography
Taking of a photograph of a far away object with telephoto lens

7. For Court Exhibits Crime Prevention
Use of artificial light such as x-ray, ultra-violet, infra- red rays to show something shich may not be visible to the human eye
For Court Exhibits
Almost all evidence presented in court before formally be accepted requires that they satisfy the basic requirements for admissability which is relevancy and competency.
Evidence presented and accepted in court is referred to as evidence
Exhibit 1, 2, 3 – Defense
Exhibit A, B, C – Prosecution
Crime Prevention
With use of video camera (hidden camera) and other advance phtographic equipment are being detected more easily and prevent it from occuring

8. Reproducing and Copying
Police Training
Modern facilities are now being used as instructional material
Reproducing and Copying
Any number of reproduction of the evidence can be made giving unlimited opportunity for its examination and allow experts or other person to examine specimen without compromising the original

9. Essentials of Photography
Light
Camera
Lens
Sensitized Material
Chemical Process