1. 1 CP586 © Peter Lo 2003 Multimedia Communication Multimedia and the Internet

2. CP586 © Peter Lo 20032 The Internet The key to Internet operation is Client Server model in which computers, called clients, can simultaneously access a server. Internet Backbone: Provides connectivity and services between servers. It relies on high speed communication lines to rapidly move information and commands between servers and individual work stations. DNS, TCP/IP, Internet functions, origin of the WWW and web authoring. HTML overview.

3. CP586 © Peter Lo 20033 Some services found on the Internet e-mail Web File transfer Chat Message board Instant messaging

4. CP586 © Peter Lo 20034 How did the Internet originate? Goal: To function if part of network were disabled Became functional September 1969 Goal: To allow scientists at different locations to share information ARPANET Networking project by Pentagon’s Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA)

5. CP586 © Peter Lo 20035 Who provides the Internet’s structure today? Government Cable companies Satellite companies Telephone companies Networks from corporations, commercial firms, and other companies

6. CP586 © Peter Lo 20036 How has the Internet grown? Today More than 100 million host nodes 1984 More than 1,000 host nodes 1969 Four host nodes

7. CP586 © Peter Lo 20037 Who controls the Internet? Nobody; it is public, cooperative, and an independent network Several organizations set standards World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) Oversees research, sets standards and guidelines Tim Berners-Lee, director Internet2 (I2) Internet-related research and development project Develops and tests advanced Internet technologies

8. CP586 © Peter Lo 20038 What are ways to access the Internet? 1 Regional ISP 2 National ISP 3 OSP (Ex. AOL) 4 Wireless Internet Service Provider local call long-distance call 1 local call 2 toll-free call 3 local call 4

9. CP586 © Peter Lo 20039 How can you connect to the Internet? Very high-speed connection Digital subscriber line (DSL) and cable modem Dial-up access

10. CP586 © Peter Lo 200310 What are three parts of an Internet connection? Backbone Client Server

11. CP586 © Peter Lo 200311 How might data travel the Internet using a telephone line connection? Step 1 Step 2 Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Regional ISP Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Step 5 Regional ISP National ISP Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Step 5 Step 6 Regional ISP National ISP Internet backbone Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Step 5 Step 6 Step 7 Regional ISP Local ISP National ISP Internet backbone Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Step 5 Step 6 Step 7 Step 8 Regional ISP Local ISP National ISP Internet backbone 1:R equest data from the a server on Internet. 2:M odem converts digital signals to analog signals. 3: Data travels through telephone lines to a local ISP. 4: Data passes through routers. 5:R egional ISP uses leased lines to send data to a national ISP. 6:N ational ISP routes data across the country. 7:N ational ISP passes data to local ISP. 8:S erver sends data back to you.

12. CP586 © Peter Lo 200312 Internet protocol (IP) address Number that uniquely identifies each computer or device connected to Internet IP address199.95.72.10 first part identifies network last part identifies specific computer

13. CP586 © Peter Lo 200313 Domain name Text version of IP address IP address199.95.72.10 Domain name scsite.com

14. CP586 © Peter Lo 200314 What is a URL? Unique address for Web page located on Web server protocoldomain namepath http://www.nationalgeographic.com/travel/index.html

15. CP586 © Peter Lo 200315 The Internet The Internet is a vast network of interconnected computers that can share and exchange information. Started in 1960’s & was called “ARPAnet” The Internet is often called the Information Super Highway and the World Wide Web. Web pages are based on the HTML standard.

16. CP586 © Peter Lo 200316 Internet Basics HTTP: is a connection orientated protocol designed for the rapid transport of files. HTTP uses a simple protocol that supports negotiation between the client and server. This negotiation allows web browsers and servers to be developed independently of emerging technologies. Eg. Get, put, checkout, delete, text search.

17. CP586 © Peter Lo 200317 Internet Naming Structure INS uses labels separated by periods. It uses a hierarchical structure where organisations are grouped into primary domain names. com : Commerce, gov : Government, edu : Educational, mil : Military, Net : Internet Network Support Centres, org : Another Organisation, au : Australia.

18. CP586 © Peter Lo 200318 Standardised Addressing TCP/IP : Transport Control Protocol / Internet Protocol. The Internet uses TCP/IP. Each node on the Internet has an associated IP address X.W.Y.Z and a physical address of the form XX:XX:XX:XX. (MAC) X,W,Y,Z are integer values ranging 0-255. IP is to postcode as MAC is to address.

19. CP586 © Peter Lo 200319 Reference Discovering Computers World 2003 (Ch. 2) Multimedia, Technology and Applications (Ch.10)