1. The Human Body
Science Method Class

2. The Body’s System
Cells: the basic unit or building block of all living things (blood cell, muscle cell, bone cell, etc)
Tissue: a group of similar cells that carry out a specialized job ( smooth muscle tissue, connective tissue, nervous tissue, etc.)
Organ: a distinct body part that carries out one or more main functions (liver, stomach, lung, etc)
System: several organs working together make up a body system (digestive system, circulatory system, respiratory system, etc.)

3. Human Body Systems Digestive system Circulatory system
Skeletal-muscular system
Respiratory system
Nervous system
Excretory system
Reproductive system.

4. The Digestive System
After eating, our digestive system starts to work on the nutrients so they can be absorbed and used by the body. The digestive system does this by breaking down the complex foods into more simple nutrients by enzymatic action.
Digestion: Changes food from its original form to a fuel that can release energy when it reacts with oxygen.
Organs: mouth, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, etc.

5. The Digestive Journey: Mouth & Esophagus
Mouth: The first part of digestive process takes place in the mouth. After chewing the food thoroughly an enzyme (ptyalin) in the saliva breaks down complex carbohydrates (starches) into more simple sugars.
Esophagus: after the food has been softened it is then pushed down the esophagus into the stomach.

6. The Digestive Journey: Stomach
Stomach: Not much digestion actually takes place in the stomach. The only thing that is readily absorbed by the stomach is alcohol.
The digestive juice in the stomach is called gastric juice. It contains hydrochloric acid and the enzyme pepsin which breaks down proteins into short chains of amino acids which can be used by the body.
Most other nutrients are digested only after the food moves on out of the stomach, approximately three to four hours later.

7. The Digestive Journey: Small Intestine
Small intestine: mixes food with enzymes and absorbs the digested products into the body
The pancreas secretes pancreatic juice into the duodenum. Pancreatic juice contains a number of enzymes that are used to absorb the nutrients remaining in the food.
Lipase which breaks up fatty substances into fatty acids and monoglycerides, protease splits up protein and amylase which converts starch to sugar.

8. The Digestive Journey: Large Intestine
After most nutrients have been assimilated the food moves on into the colon or large intestine.
The large intestine is the end of the road for food digestion. The main job of the Large Intestine is to remove the water from the leftover undigested food. When the water is removed from the liquid paste it turns into solid waste.

9. Overall Process of Digestion
Mouth: Chewing
Carbohydrates Simple sugars
Stomach: Gastric Juice (PH2)
Protein Polypeptide
Small Intestine: Pancreatic Juice
Fat Fatty acids, Momoglycerins
Protein Amino Acids
Carbohydrates Sugars
Large Intestine: Absorbing water
Amylase
Pepsin
Lipase
Protease
Amylase

10. Products of foods through digestion
Starch & Protein Fats & Oils
Carbohydrate
Sugar Amino acid Fatty acid & Monoglycerin
Absorbing in small intestine

11. The absorbing cells in small intestine
The specialized absorbing cells, enterocytes, are distinguished by numerous microvilli that greatly increase the absorptive surface area.

12. The Circulatory System
A system consisting of a pump and conducting vessels keeps you alive by circulating oxygen throughout the body with blood.
The system is to obtain oxygen from the lung and to release carbon dioxide from the body through respiratory.

13. The Circulatory Journey
The blood is the transport system by which oxygen and nutrients reach the body's cells, and waste materials are carried away.
The heart, a muscular organ is the pump that keeps this transport system moving.
Oxygen poor
blood
Oxygen rich
blood

14. The Human Heart
The human heart consists of two pumps lying side by side to form a single organ.
The right side of the heart sends oxygen-poor blood to the lungs; the left side of the heart sends oxygen-rich blood to the rest of the body.

15. The Circulatory Journey
The blood travels in veins back to the right side of the heart, where it is pumped directly to the lungs.
In the lungs, carbon dioxide is exchanged for oxygen, and this renewed blood flows back to the left side of the heart, and the whole process begins again.
Gaining O2
From lungs
Releasing CO2
To lungs
Oxygen rich
Blood
in Arterials
CO2 rich
Blood
in veins

16. The Circulatory Journey
Blood leaves the left side of the heart and travels through arteries which gradually divide into capillaries.
In the capillaries, food and oxygen are released to the body cells, and carbon dioxide and other waste products are returned to the bloodstream. 
Gaining O2
From lungs
Releasing CO2
To lungs
Oxygen rich
Blood
in Arterials
CO2 rich
Blood
in veins

17. Overall respiration process
Lowest Pressure
Right Atrium Right Ventricle
Right side of Heart
Oxygen poor blood
In Veins
Lungs:
Releasing CO2
GainingsO2
Human Body:
Releasing O2
Gaining CO2
Left side of Heart
Oxygen rich blood
In Arterials
Left Ventricle
Left Atrium
Highest Pressure

18. The Skeletal-Muscular System http://www.innerbody.com/text/skelov_new.php
The average human adult skeleton has 206 bones.
The skeleton plays an important part in movement by providing a series of independently movable levers, which the muscles can pull to move different parts of the body. It also supports and protects the internal body organs.
Muscle is attached to bone by tendons and other tissues, and exerts force by converting chemical energy into tension and contraction.
Muscles are made up of millions of tiny protein filaments which work together to produce motion in the body.

19. The Respiratory System http://www.innerbody.com/text/muscov-new.html
Your respiratory system is made up of the organs in your body that help you to breathe.
The goal of breathing is to deliver oxygen to the body and to take away carbon dioxide.

20. The Nervous System http://www.innerbody.com/text/nervov-new.html
The nervous system is the body's information gatherer, storage center and control system. Its overall function is to collect information about the external conditions in relation to the body's external state, to analyze this information, and to initiate appropriate responses to satisfy certain needs.
The brain and spinal cord make up the central nervous system.

21. The Excretory System http://www. stclement. pvt. k12. il
The job of the excretory system is to remove various produced by the body. The removal is known as excretion. It is important for the body to remove these various waste, also known as toxic, because toxic build up can lead to severe death.
The kidneys, main organs are filters. There are two of them located near the spine in the middle of the back. The main organs of the excretory system are the bladder, kidneys, lungs, liver and skin.

22. The Reproductive System
Female
Male