1. December 7, 2010

2. Do Now: Current Events presentations Objectives: 1. Finish talking about nativism. How is it important? 2. Define symbol and what it means in a historical context 3. Begin to discuss Símon Bolívar and his impact on Latin American history 4. Talk about Símon Bolívar project Homework: Work on Símon Bolívar mini-project

3. Current Events Brazil army to take up 'peacekeeping' in Rio slums Week-long Brazilian stand-off between police and drug dealers last month Army to remain in slums in order to ensure that the drug dealers do not regain their stronghold

4. Nativism What does it sound like this means? Official definition: Nativism glorified an American identity defined by birthplace. Keyword: Americanos How can this concept begin to rally people together?

5. Symbol What is a symbol? Who is a symbol in our history, and what does he/she represent? Who have we talked about so far in Latin America that could be considered a symbol?

6. Símon Bolívar “Liberator of Latin America” Began string of triumphs in 1817 Most important leader of Latin American independence

7. Símon Bolívar (1783-1840) July 24,1783 - Birth in Caracas, Venezuela. 1799 - Bolivar travels to Europe to complete his education. 1801 - Bolivar marries 1804 - Bolivar returns to Europe for additional studies with tutor Simon Rodriguez who exposes him to such writers as John Locke, Thomas Hobbes, Francois Voltaire, Charles Montesquieu and Jean Rousseau. Bolivar swears to liberate his homeland while standing on Monte Sacro in Rome – Venezuela 1807 - Bolivar returns to Venezuela.

8. Upon his return to Venezuela… Apr.19,1810 - A junta replaces Spanish governor of Venezuela. Bolivar travels to London and returns with Francisco de Miranda. July 5,1811 - National congress declares Venezuela's independence. Six months later, Venezuela has a new constitution, and a new three-man executive with Miranda serving as vice president. July, 1812 - Miranda is betrayed, with Bolivar's knowledge, to the Spanish. Bolivar flees to Cartagena, where he writes the Manifesto of Cartagena, New Granada (modern Colombia), calling for the destruction of Spanish forces in Venezuela. Aug. 6,1813 - Bolivar returns to Caracas at head of a New Granadan army. Eleven months later, Bolivar's army is defeated by a royalist force led by Jose Thomas Boves, (llaneros). Bolivar flees to Colombia, returns with another army, and is defeated again. Bolivar escapes to Jamaica. 1815 - While in exile, Bolivar writes the Letter from Jamaica, in which he outlines his vision of South America.

9. Letter from Jamaica (1815) With a partner, read the following letter and answer the questions at the bottom

10. Simon Bolivar mini-project Each of you will be responsible for creating your own image of “Simon Bolivar” as a symbol of Latin America Requirements: Needs to use pictures and/or words CAN NOT include a photo of Simon Bolivar Due date: December 10 th