1. Latin American Revolutions

2. Vocabulary Exam combined with Unit exam Ch. 20, sect. 1Ch. 20, sect. 2Ch. 20, sect. 3 1.Ideology 2.Universal manhood suffrage 3.autonomy 4. Radicals 5. Louis Philippe 6. Recession 7. Napoleon III 8. Louis Kossuth 9. Peninsular 10. Creole 11. Mestizo 12. Mulatto 13. Simon Bolivar 14. Toussaint L’Ouverture 15. Father Miguel Hidalgo 16. Father Jose Morelos 17. Jose de San Martin 18. Dom Pedro

3. Test Tuesday! Be prepared to turn in the essay after the bell. I am NOT collecting the packet.

4. What you need to know… ■ What two revolutions most influenced the Latin American revolution? ■ Simon Bolivar-what did he do? What type of government was he seeking? ■ How were Bolivar and Napoleon Bonaparte’s actions similar? ■ Name leaders of Latin American movement ■ What is the Concert of Europe? ■ Who is L’Ouverture and what did he do? ■ Who is Father Miguel Hidalgo and what did he want? ■ What did Louis Phillipe do during the “February Days” in France in 1848? ■ Who did Greece win their independence from? ■ What is a nationalist seeking?

5. Work Book ■ Complete all pages for Ch. 20 in the Work Books (both sides). ■ Pp. 182 - 187

6. Group Presentations ■ Group 1: Ch. 20, sect. 1- “Conservatives Prefer the Old Order” & “Liberals and Nationalists Seek Change” pp. 448 - 450 ■ Group 2: Ch. 20, sect. 1- “Central Europe Challenges the Old Order” pp. 450 - 451 ■ Group 3: Ch. 20, sect. 2- “French Rebels Win in 1830” & “The Spirit of Reform Spreads” & “The French Revolt again in 1848” pp. 452 - 456 ■ Group 4: Ch. 20, sect. 2- “Revolution Surges Through Europe” pp. 456 - 457 ■ Group 5: Ch. 20, sect. 3- “Discontent Fans the Fires” & “Slaves Win Freedom for Haiti” pp. 459 - 460 ■ Group 6: Ch. 20, sect. 3- “Mexico and Central America Revolt” & “Revolution Ignites South America” pp. 461 - 465

7. Group Presentations ■ 1. Each group will be assigned a topic to present to the class. Every group member must present (Absences: your group will still need to present on their day, so everyone should have a backup plan in case a “main character” is absent the day of the presentation.) ■ 2. Your group can choose the method of presentation: Poster, Power Point, group created play, video, puppet show, etc. Hints: Props may simply be name tags and paper hats. Feel free to bring a school appropriate costume to wear during class. ■ 3. Be realistic – a video uploaded to YouTube is fun, but I’m grading based on how well your group presented the material. A poster presentation is worth the same as a mini play or movie. You don’t have a lot of time. If no one can meet to do this, or no one is an expert in the programs, then shift to what you can finish in the time allotted.

8. ■ Essential Question: – What were the main causes & effects of Latin American revolutions ?

9. From 1500 to 1800, Latin America was colonized by Europe, especially Spain European nations used mercantilism to gain wealth from their American colonies Catholic missionaries from Spain & France converted Indians

10. ■ Text One major impact of European colonization was the unequal social hierarchy in Latin America White Europeans were at the top of society Peninsulares were royal governors sent by the king to enforce mercantilism & maintain order in the colony

11. Title ■ Text One major impact of European colonization was the unequal social hierarchy in Latin America White Europeans were at the top of society Spanish colonists living in America were called creoles; They had land & wealth but had no political power

12. The lack of European women in America led to intermarriage & a large mixed-race population that made up the next level of the social hierarchy Mestizos were the offspring of Europeans & Indians Mulattos were the offspring of Europeans & Africans

13. Indians & African slaves made up the bottom of the social hierarchy Indians & slaves were used as workers for creoles plantations

14. From 1800 to 1830, Latin American colonies began declaring independence from European nations & establishing democracies throughout the Americas

15. Quick Class Discussion: (1)Which social group will lead these Latin American Revolutions? Why? (2)Where did they get the idea to revolt & created democracies? Creoles in South America African slaves in Haiti Indians in Mexico

16. By the late 1700s, Latin Americans were inspired to gain independence because of the success of the American & French Revolutions The ideas of the Enlightenment inspired independence especially among the well-educated creole class

17. Haiti was the first Latin American colony to free itself from European rule Haiti was a French colony with 500,000 African slaves working on sugar & coffee plantations Plantation owners used brutal methods to control slaves In 1791, Haitian slaves rose in revolt; Toussaint L’Ouverture became the leader of the slave uprising & helped free all the slaves by 1801

18. From 1802 to 1804, Haitians fought for their independence against Napoleon’s French army In 1804, France granted Haiti its independence & created a republic

19. Throughout the Spanish colonies in South America, the creoles had wealth & education but could not participate in government Creoles embraced Enlightenment ideas like natural rights & consent of the governed

20. In 1810, the demand by creoles for political rights led to revolutions throughout South America South American nations gained their independence because of the leadership of two creole generals

21. From 1811 to 1824, Venezuelan creole Simon Bolivar led an army of revolutionaries against Spain Bolivar helped create new nations of Grand Colombia, Peru, Bolivia

23. Argentinean creole San Martín led the independence movement in southern South America San Martín helped create new nations of Argentina, Chile & Peru

25. Unlike the South America creoles, in Mexico the Indians & mestizos played the leading role In 1810, a poor but well educated Catholic priest named Miguel Hidalgo used Enlightenment ideals to call for a revolution against Spain Hidalgo led an army of 80,000 Indian & mestizos revolutionaries against the Spanish military & creoles who feared losing their wealth

26. During the rebellion, Hidalgo was killed but Mexicans found new leaders to continue the fight another 10 years The turning point in the war came in 1820 when the creoles switched sides & joined the revolt against Spain In 1821, Spain granted Mexico its independence & a republic was formed

27. Throughout Latin America, new democratic republics were created But, Latin Americans did not have a history of self-government & many of the new gov’ts were unstable In many nations, military dictators called caudillos seized power & made few reforms for citizens Latin America became dependent on the USA