OBJECTIVES After studying Chapter 10, the reader should be able to: Describe some of the transmissions used in domestic vehicles. Describe some of the.

OBJECTIVES After studying Chapter 10, the reader should be able to: Describe some of the transmissions used in domestic vehicles. Describe some of the transmissions used in the more popular import vehicles. Explain the operation of a particular transmission. Identify which transmission is used in a particular vehicle. Identify a particular transmission.

INTRODUCTION In the following sections, we will briefly describe the more common transmission and transaxles. They will be described by manufacturer and cross-referenced by the gear train types described in Chapter 5. A particular transmission design may have many small differences. In any single year, there may be many versions of the same transmission depending on the application.

INTRODUCTION Transaxles
A transaxle is a combination of a transmission, either standard or automatic, and a final drive assembly. FIGURE 10-1 When a vehicle is driving straight, the differential gears rotate as a unit; equal load keeps the pinion gears stationary on the mate shaft (a). An unequal load causes the pinion gears to rotate on the mate shaft so one axle can turn faster than the other (b). (Courtesy of Chrysler Corporation)

INTRODUCTION There are essentially four types of final drive and differential combinations used in transaxles: The first type uses helical gears and an intermediate/idler gear or shaft to transfer power from the transmission planetary gear assembly to the differential case The second type uses a planetary gearset mounted to the output of the transmission gearset for the final drive reduction gears The third type uses a planetary gear final drive that is driven by a chain and sprockets from the transmission section Some FWD vehicles use an engine mounted lengthwise in the vehicle so the crankshaft and the transaxle shafts run longitudinal (fore and aft) instead of transverse or lateral (side to side) relative to the vehicle.

INTRODUCTION FIGURE 10-2 The 41TE transaxle uses a set of helical final drive gears (a) to transfer power from the transfer shaft to the differential and drive shafts. A set of helical transfer gears (b) is used to transfer power from the transmission gears to the transfer shaft. (Courtesy of Chrysler Corporation)

INTRODUCTION FIGURE 10-3 An exploded view from a parts catalog of a Ford CD4E shows a chain (3201) to transfer power from the transmission gearset to the final drive and differential. (Courtesy of Aceomatic Recon)

INTRODUCTION FIGURE 10-4 The Chrysler 42LE transaxle uses hypoid final drive gears. Note the transfer chain to connect the transmission gearset to the final drive pinion gear. (Courtesy of Chrysler Corporation)

INTRODUCTION FIGURE 10-5 The overall gear ratio in a transaxle is a product of multiplying the transmission gear ratio by the final drive ratio. This should be multiplied by any transfer gear/chain ratio.

WERE THE THM 325, 325-4L, AND 425 MODELS TRANSMISSIONS OR TRANSAXLES?
FIGURE 10-6 A THM 3254L transmission is mounted alongside of the engine. The front axle assembly is attached directly to the output shaft (lower left) to drive the front wheels. (Reprinted with permission of General Motors)

INTRODUCTION New-Generation Transmissions and Transaxles
Vehicle manufacturers are working to improve vehicle efficiency, performance, and fuel mileage. Transmissions and transaxles are being introduced that are smaller, lighter, and have additional gear ranges.

CHRYSLER Torqueflites are three-speed, Simpson gear train transmissions of two basic sizes. The A-904 was introduced as a Torqueflite 6 (TF6) in 1960 for use with 6-cylinder engines. The A-727 was introduced in 1962 for use with 8-cylinder engines. The A-727 is called the Torqueflite 8 (TF8).

CHRYSLER FIGURE 10-7 The gear ratios for Chrysler transmissions and transaxles.

CHRYSLER Chrysler Rear Wheel Drive Transmissions
30RH-32RH Transmissions 36RH-37RH Transmissions 40RH-42RH, 42RE-44RE Transmissions 42RLE Transmission 45RFE Transmission 46RH-47RH, 46RE-47RE-48RE Transmissions W5A580/722.6 Transmission

CHRYSLER FIGURE 10-8 This body decal identifies the transmission as well as other important features of this vehicle. (Courtesy of Chrysler Corporation)

CHRYSLER FIGURE 10-9 Older Torqueflite transmissions can be identified by a code stamped in the case (a). Newer units use a label attached to the case (b). (Courtesy of Chrysler Corporation)

CHRYSLER FIGURE A Chrysler 4WD, 44RE (at the top) and a 2WD, 46RE can be identified by the pan shape and extension housing (a). Some transmissions can be identified by the shape of the pan gasket (b). (Courtesy of Chrysler Corporation)

CHRYSLER FIGURE A cutaway view of a 30RH (A940) transmission with a clutch and band application chart. (Courtesy of Chrysler Corporation)

CHRYSLER FIGURE A cutaway view of a 42RH transmission; note that the overdrive unit attaches to the rear of the main transmission section. (Courtesy of Chrysler Corporation)

CHRYSLER FIGURE A cutaway view of a 45RFE transmission showing the three driving clutches, the three reaction clutches, and the complex gearset. (Courtesy of Chrysler Corporation)

CHRYSLER FIGURE This clutch chart shows the active control devices for each gear range of a 45RFE transmission.

CHRYSLER Chrysler Transaxles
Chrysler transaxles can be identified by the transmission code on the vehicle body plate. When the transaxle is out of the vehicle, it can be identified by an identification tag on the case 30TH-31TH Transaxle 41TE Transaxle 42LE Transaxle 62TE Transaxle

CHRYSLER FIGURE The 41TE transaxle can be identified by an identification label attached to the converter housing and by the shape of the case with the solenoid sound shield, transfer gear cover, and strengthening ribs over the final drive section. (Courtesy of Chrysler Corporation)

CHRYSLER FIGURE A cutaway view of a 30TH three-speed transaxle. (Courtesy of Chrysler Corporation)

CHRYSLER FIGURE A cutaway view of a 41TE transaxle with a clutch application chart. (Courtesy of Chrysler Corporation)

FORD MOTOR COMPANY Ford now uses an alphanumeric code.
Like other vehicle manufacturers, Ford transmissions are manufactured all over the world. Some are from Ford-owned production lines in the United States and France; others are produced by manufacturers in Japan (JATCO and Aisin [AW]) and in Europe (ZF).

FORD MOTOR COMPANY FIGURE The gear ratios for Ford Motor Company transmissions and transaxles.

FORD MOTOR COMPANY Ford Motor Company Rear Wheel Drive Transmissions
FIGURE This body decal identifies the transmission and other important features of this vehicle. The transmission type U (arrow) indicates a 4R70W transmission.

FORD MOTOR COMPANY FIGURE A 4F50N (AX4N) transaxle can be identified by the tag attached to the top of the case, the stamping on the valve body cover, and the overall shape of the unit. FIGURE Many technicians use the shape of the oil pan gasket and filter to identify a transmission.

FORD MOTOR COMPANY 4R44E Transmission 5R55E Transmission
4R70W Transmission 4R100/E4OD Transmission 5R110W Transmission 6R60, 6R80 Transmission C6 Transmission JATCO L3N71B FM, FMX, HX, MX Two Speed

FORD MOTOR COMPANY FIGURE An exploded view of a 4R44E (A4LD) transmission. (Courtesy of Aceomatic Recon)

FORD MOTOR COMPANY FIGURE A cutaway view of a 4R100 (E40D) transmission. Note the mirror at the bottom showing the valve body.

WERE THE C3, C4, AND C5 DIFFERENT?
FIGURE An exploded view of a C4 and C5 transmission. (Courtesy of Aceomatic Recon)

FORD MOTOR COMPANY FIGURE An exploded view of a C6 transmission. (Courtesy of Aceomatic Recon)

FORD MOTOR COMPANY Ford Motor Company Transaxles
Ford transaxles can be identified by the vehicle’s production label located on the driver’s side door pillar. When the transaxle is out of the vehicle, it can be identified by a service identification tag attached to the case.

FORD MOTOR COMPANY 4F50N/AX4N Transaxle AX4S Transaxle CD4E Transaxle
F4E Transaxle 4F20E Transaxle 4F27E Transaxle 6F50, 6F35 ATX Transaxle

FORD MOTOR COMPANY FIGURE An exploded view of the 4F50N (AX4N) gear train. (Courtesy of Aceomatic Recon)

FORD MOTOR COMPANY FIGURE An exploded view of the Ford AX4S gear train. Note the similarity to the AX4N gear train with the addition of a low sprag and a direct roller clutch. (Courtesy of Aceomatic Recon)

GENERAL MOTORS CORPORATION
Like other manufacturers, General Motors uses transmissions produced in various parts of the world, and supplies other manufacturers with General Motors transmissions. The most notable are Rolls Royce and Jaguar. General Motors previously identified its transmissions as Turbo Hydra-Matic (THM) followed by an alphanumeric code that described the relative size of the unit. Currently, General Motors uses an alphanumeric model designation system

FIGURE The gear ratios for General Motors transmissions.

General Motors Rear Wheel Drive Transmissions General Motors has produced many different automatic transmissions. Six popular, out-of-production transmissions will also be described in this text. General Motors transmissions can be identified by the identification tag on the vehicle. When the transmission is out of the vehicle, it can be identified by a service identification tag attached to the case

FIGURE General Motors transmissions (a) and transaxles (b) can be identified by a label or tag on the case. (Reprinted with permission of General Motors)

FIGURE The shape of the pan gasket can be used for a general identification of a transmission or transaxle.

3L30 Transmission 4L30-E Transmission 4L60-E Transmission 4L80-E Transmission THM 200, THM 200C, THM 325 Transmissions THM 200-4R, THM 325-4L Transmissions THM 250, THM 250C Transmissions THM 350, THM 350C, THM 375B Transmissions 3L80, THM 400, THM 375, THM 425 Transmissions

Two-Mode Hybrid Transmission. 6L80E Transmission 6L50E Transmission Allison 1000 and 2000 Transmissions Ravigneaux Gear Train

FIGURE A 3L30 transmission. (Courtesy of Slauson Transmission Parts,

FIGURE A cutaway view of a 4L60-E transmission showing the internal parts. (Reprinted with permission of General Motors)

FIGURE L80E transmission. (Courtesy of Slauson Transmission Parts,

FIGURE A THM 200-4R transmission. It has the appearance of a stretch THM 200C. (Courtesy of Slauson Transmission Parts,

FIGURE A THM 325 transmission. A 325-4L will have a larger chain cover to enclose the overdrive gearset. (Courtesy of Slauson Transmission Parts,

FIGURE A THM 350C transmission. The similar THM 250C has a band adjustment screw in the other side (right) of the case. (Courtesy of Slauson Transmission Parts,

FIGURE A 3L80 (THM 400) transmission. (Courtesy of Slauson Transmission Parts,

FIGURE This Allison transmission has an external fluid filter and plates covering the areas where a power take-off (PTO) can be mounted.

FIGURE The gear ratios for Allison 1000 and 2000 transmissions.

General Motors Transaxles 3T40 Transaxle 4T40-E Transaxle 4T60-E Transaxle 4T65-E Transaxle 4T80-E Transaxle 6T70 and 75

FIGURE A cutaway view of a 3T40 transaxle showing the internal parts. (Reprinted with permission of General Motors)

FIGURE A cutaway view of a 4T60-E transaxle showing the control devices. (Reprinted with permission of General Motors)

FIGURE A cutaway view of a 4T80-E transaxle showing the internal parts (a) and an exploded view of the pump (b) showing the primary pump (200 and 201), secondary pump (205 and 206), and the scavenge pump (223 and 224). (Reprinted with permission of General Motors)

SATURN TRANSAXLE Saturn began as an independent division of General Motors, and these vehicles use a FWD transverse engine and transaxle of their own design. This transaxle is called the TAAT. It is an electronically controlled, Type 19, nonplanetary gear train, similar to the transaxle used in Hondas

IMPORT TRANSMISSIONS/TRANSAXLES
The transmissions and transaxles used in import vehicles are very similar to the domestic units. They use planetary gears (with the exception of the Honda transaxles), multiple-disc clutches, bands, one-way clutches, hydraulic control systems, and lock-up torque converters. A detailed description of their operation is normally available in the manufacturer’s service manual, transmission service manuals, and trade publications.

IMPORT TRANSMISSIONS/TRANSAXLES
FIGURE The 6HP26 transmission is the first six-speed automatic transmission produced for passenger cars. (Courtesy of ZF Group North American Operations)

HONDA/ACURA Honda produces the transmissions used in Honda and Acura vehicles. These units do not use planetary gears like most other automatic transmissions; they use constant-mesh, helical gears like those in a standard transmission. Hydraulically operated multiple-disc clutches are used in place of the synchronizer assemblies of a standard transmission.

HONDA/ACURA Honda Three-Speed Transaxles Honda Four-Speed Transaxles
Two-Shaft Versions Three-Shaft Versions Honda Longitudinal Designs

HONDA/ACURA FIGURE The gear ratios for the current-model Honda and Acura automatic transaxles.

HONDA/ACURA FIGURE This Honda three-speed gearset shows the arrangement of the gears and controlling clutches. (Courtesy of America Honda Motor Company)

HONDA/ACURA FIGURE A cutaway view of a two-shaft, four-speed Honda transaxle. (Courtesy of America Honda Motor Company)

HONDA/ACURA FIGURE A cutaway view of a short-shaft version of a threeshaft, four-speed Honda transaxle that uses five clutches. (Courtesy of America Honda Motor Company)

HONDA/ACURA FIGURE A cutaway view of a short-shaft version of a threeshaft, four-speed Honda transaxle that used four clutches. (Courtesy of America Honda Motor Company)

HONDA/ACURA FIGURE A cutaway view of a long-shaft version of a threeshaft, four-speed Honda transaxle that uses four clutches. (Courtesy of America Honda Motor Company)

HONDA/ACURA FIGURE A longitudinal, two-shaft, four-speed Honda transaxle that uses five clutches. (Courtesy of America Honda Motor Company)

HONDA/ACURA FIGURE A longitudinal, two-shaft, four-speed Honda transaxle that uses six clutches. (Courtesy of America Honda Motor Company)

NISSAN JATCO is the major supplier of Nissan transmissions.
Like other manufacturers, Nissan has used several different coding systems. Nissan RWD Transmissions Nissan FWD Transaxles

NISSAN FIGURE The gear ratios for Nissan transaxles and transmissions.

NISSAN FIGURE A schematic view of a Nissan RE4R01A four-speed transmission gearset, torque converter, and apply devices. (Courtesy of Nissan North America, Inc.)

NISSAN FIGURE A schematic view of a Nissan RE4F02 four-speed transaxle gearset, torque converter, and apply devices. (Courtesy of Nissan North America, Inc.)

TOYOTA Toyota has used a variety of transmissions beginning with the two-speed Toyoglide. It was replaced with three-and then four-speed designs. Most of these designs are very similar. Toyota seems to have a large number of different models, because the case might have been changed to suit a particular vehicle model or the hydraulic or electronic shift controls may have been changed

TOYOTA FIGURE The gear ratios for Toyota and Lexus transaxles and transmissions.

TOYOTA Toyota RWD Transmissions Toyota FWD Transaxles

TOYOTA FIGURE A cutaway view of a Toyota A40, three-speed transmission. (Courtesy of Toyota Motor Sales USA, Inc.)

TOYOTA FIGURE A schematic view of the gearset and apply devices for a Toyota A40D, four-speed transmission. (Courtesy of Toyota Motor Sales USA, Inc.)

TOYOTA FIGURE A cutaway view of a Toyota A340 four-speed transmission gearset with a clutch application chart. (Courtesy of Toyota Motor Sales USA, Inc.)

TOYOTA FIGURE A cutaway view of a Toyota A130 three-speed transaxle with a clutch application chart. (Courtesy of Toyota Motor Sales USA, Inc.)

TOYOTA FIGURE A cutaway view of a Toyota A140E four-speed transaxle. (Courtesy of Toyota Motor Sales USA, Inc.)

TOYOTA FIGURE A schematic view of a Toyota A244E four-speed transaxle and its clutch application chart. (Courtesy of Toyota Motor Sales USA, Inc.)

SUMMARY There are many different automatic transmissions. They are easier to understand if the operation of the planetary gears and the application of the clutches and bands are understood. Transaxles combine the transmission and final drive into one unit. Each manufacturer uses specific transmissions and transaxles to meet the requirements of the vehicle it is used in.

SUMMARY Some companies specialize in automatic transmissions and supply many vehicle manufacturers with their products. Most automatic transmissions use planetary gearsets, but some vehicle manufacturers use CVT or constant-mesh transmissions.

REVIEW QUESTIONS In any single year a transmission may have many variations. List eight possible differences between the variations. The purpose of the differential is to allow the drive wheels to turn at _________ _________ speeds while the vehicle is turning a corner. Transaxles that are mounted longitudinally in the vehicle use a _________ or _________ gearset to transfer the power to the drive wheels. Use Chrysler’s code to describe the following transmissions. 37RH _________ 44RE _________ 47RE _________ 42LE _________ The Chrysler 44RE transmission is similar to the 32RH, with a(n) _________ unit positioned at the rear of the transmission.

REVIEW QUESTIONS 6. The gear ratios for a Ford E40D transmission are:
2nd _________ 3rd _________ 4th _________ Rev. _________ The gear ratios for a Ford CD4E are:

REVIEW QUESTIONS 7. Use Ford’s code to describe the following transmissions. 4R44E _________ 5R55E _________ AX4S _________ AX4N _________ 8. The gear ratios for a General Motor’s 4L80 transmission are: 1st _________ 2nd _________ 3rd _________ 4th _________ 5th _________ Rev. _________ 9. Use General Motor’s code to describe the following transmissions. 3L30 _________ 4L80-E _________ 4T65-E _________ 10.Name four foreign companies that manufacture automatic transmissions.

CHAPTER QUIZ Student A says that many transmissions have similar operating characteristics. Student B says that all transmissions of a particular type are identical. Who is correct? Student A Student B Both A and B Neither A nor B

CHAPTER QUIZ 2. Student A says that transaxles use helical gears for the final drive reduction gears. Student B says that transaxles use hypoid gears for the final drive reduction gears. Who is correct? Student A Student B Both A and B Neither A nor B

CHAPTER QUIZ 3. Gearsets that are used in transaxles to turn the power flow 90 degrees are called constant mesh. helical. hypoid. hilipoid.

CHAPTER QUIZ 4. Student A says that a Chrysler 37RH transmission is a heavyduty, four-speed transmission. Student B says that the 40RH is a stronger unit than the 37RH transmission. Who is correct? Student A Student B Both A and B Neither A nor B

CHAPTER QUIZ 5. Student A says that the Chrysler 30RH and 30TH are the same transmission. Student B says that the 30RH is a rear wheel drive transmission and the 30TH is a transaxle. Who is correct? Student A Student B Both A and B Neither A nor B

CHAPTER QUIZ 6. Student A says that the General Motors 4L60-E was formerly known as the THM 700-R4. Student B says that the 4L80-E is the smallest transmission made by General Motors. Who is correct? Student A Student B Both A and B Neither A nor B

CHAPTER QUIZ 7. Student A says that all automatic transmissions use planetary gears. Student B says that all automatic transmissions use multiple-disc clutches. Who is correct? Student A Student B Both A and B Neither A nor B

CHAPTER QUIZ 8. Student A says that import vehicles use automatic transmissions that are nothing like the transmissions used by domestic manufacturers. Student B says that all planetary automatic transmissions are basically similar. Who is correct? Student A Student B Both A and B Neither A nor B

CHAPTER QUIZ 9. Student A says that all manufacturers build the automatic transmissions used in their vehicles. Student B says that some manufacturers buy transmissions built by other companies. Who is correct? Student A Student B Both A and B Neither A nor B

CHAPTER QUIZ 10. Honda and Saturn use automatic transmissions that have constantmesh, helical gear trains similar to standard transmissions. In place of synchronizers used in standard transmissions, they use planetary gears. accumulators. servos. multiple-disc clutches.

CHAPTER QUIZ 11. Honda has built a variety of transmissions. They can be described by the number of shafts. speeds. clutches. All of the above

CHAPTER QUIZ 12. Student A says that the Nissan RE4R03A is an electronically controlled, rear wheel drive, four-speed automatic transmission. Student B says that it is an electronically controlled, transverse, rear wheel drive, three-speed automatic transmission. Who is correct? Student A Student B Both A and B Neither A nor B

CHAPTER QUIZ 13. Student A says that all current Toyota transmissions use a band for compression braking. Student B says that all current Toyota transmissions do not use bands. Who is correct? Student A Student B Both A and B Neither A nor B

CHAPTER QUIZ 14. Toyota’s heavy-duty RWD transmission is the A140E.
A40D. A340E. A540E.

CHAPTER QUIZ 15. Which Toyota transmission has the overdrive planetary gearset mounted on the countershaft? A240E A130 A540E A140E

OBJECTIVES After studying Chapter 10, the reader should be able to: Describe some of the transmissions used in domestic vehicles. Describe some of the.

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OBJECTIVES After studying Chapter 10, the reader should be able to: Describe some of the transmissions used in domestic vehicles. Describe some of the.

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Presentation on theme: "OBJECTIVES After studying Chapter 10, the reader should be able to: Describe some of the transmissions used in domestic vehicles. Describe some of the."— Presentation transcript:

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