1. Linus Pauling: The Early Years

2. Introduction to the World 1901 – born in Portland to Lucy Isabelle Darling and Herman William Pauling 2 sisters – Pauline and Lucille Moved frequently, living in Oswego, Salem, and Condon, Porting 1910 – Herman Pauling dies Moves to Portland for remainder of high school career

3. Belle and Linus

4. Oregon in 1910 Mostly farmland and orchards: dairy, wheat, oats, barley, corn, potatoes, livestock, and prunes. Very undeveloped; herders could run their livestock on public land. Around 670,000 residents in 1910 (compare to New Jersey’s 2,500,000 in the same year).

5. Condon, Oregon

6. Oregon in 1910 Main businesses: mining, timber, fisheries, farming. Railroads became important in the late 1800’s to transport timber and minerals. Mining moved from being small, family-owned enterprises to large, corporate ventures.

7. Oregon Gold Mine

8. Cinnabar Mine in Oregon

9. Pharmacy in Early 1900’s Many “patent medicines” still not based onresearch. Just becoming more scientific and reliable. Introduction of large, chain pharmacies (Walgreens).

10. Patent Medicines Circa 1920

11. Oregon Pharmacy

12. Enrolled in Oregon Agricultural College (now Oregon State University) against Belle’s wishes Able to attend only because of a tuition- free program in chemical engineering

13. Early 1900’s American Education 1900, 15.5 million children in public schools –62,000 (6.4%) high school graduates 1910, 17.8 million children in public schools –111,000 (8.8%) high school graduates 1920, 21.6 million children in public schools –231,000 (16.8%) high school graduates

14. History of American Education System 1894 – 1915, Progressive reformers stressed importance of school –School build moral character and transforms youth into productive, “proper” American Citizens (I.e. “Manners and Conduct”) –Important advocated are TR, John Dewey –End of 19 th Century Industrial fever imported need for intelligent, well-educated students to stimulate and improve American Economy

15. American Educational System…con’t “Educational opportunities had become a measure of the aspirations and possibilities of American democracy” –Marvin Lazerson Era of standardized exams had begun! Idea of kindergarten, middle school from Europe Physical education especially stressed for both sexes