1. Françoise Bourdon Deputy Head of the Digital and Bibliographic Information Department French National Library IFRRO International seminar Oslo, October 21 st, 2009 Providing access to Content in a Changing Environment : Gallica and the access to copyrighted books

2. A brief history of Gallica Key dates  1989 : François Mitterrand announces the building of “a completely new kind of library”, giving a central role to Information Technologies.  1992 : The scanning of documents begins…  Microforms and antiquarian books bought for that purpose  1994 : Official creation of the New French National Library.  1997 : Gallica on-line library opens, giving access to  35,000 scanned volumes (90,000 by 2007)‏  10,000 images (80,000 by 2007)‏ Digitization guidelines from 1997 to 2006  Methodic creation of a research library  An encyclopedic and multi-disciplinary choice of documents, from the Middle Ages to the 1930s  Thematic studies : Travel in France, in Africa, Academic journals…  Targetted programs such as the digitisation of daily press

3. Gallica today Digitization policy today  2006 : European digital library project Europeana  2008 : Mass-digitization program of printed documents  100,000 volumes per year during 3 years : digitization pace is increased tenfold  Fac-simile + OCR  2009 : Mass-digitization of other materials : images, manuscripts, music sheets, maps… Digitized documents today  Documents from BnF collections  Printed materials  130,000 monographs (50% ocerised)‏  3,900 journals, (470,000 items including 40% ocerised)‏  And also… 111,000 images (drawings, engravings, photographs), 5,000 maps, 1,000 sound recordings, 4,100 manuscripts, 2,000 music sheets  “Harvested” documents from partner collections  Library partners : 6,900 documents  Partnership with publishers : 14,000 in-copyright books

4. Purpose : Allow online access to recently published books in the strict observance of the copyright law Parties involved in the experiment : Bibliothèque nationale de France (BnF) Syndicat national de l’Edition (SNE : French Publishers Association) Direction du Livre et de la lecture (DLL : Book and Reading Directorate) Centre national du Livre (CNL : National Center for the Book) Main steps : May 2006 : letter from the minister to the president of BnF Summer 2006 : creation of BnF/SNE workgroup December 2006 : study request sent to an external consultant (Numilog) regarding the possible economic models April 2007 : Numilog findings approved by BnF and SNE October 2007 : agreement on a technical charter and a legal framework March 2008 : official launch of the experiment on the occasion of Paris Book Fair Access to copyrighted books : the Gallica experiment

5. Single search gateway gallica.bnf.fr Single search gateway gallica.bnf.fr Full text search Copyrighted books Non-copyrighted books Free access to whole text Paid access to whole text (partial or complete download in various formats, rent, purchase of boundcopy, etc. : depends on the e-distributor’s technical and business model) Paid access to whole text (partial or complete download in various formats, rent, purchase of boundcopy, etc. : depends on the e-distributor’s technical and business model) Free browsing through a display of pages’ sample Free access to enhanced reference (description, table of contents, front cover, back cover, short abstract, etc.) Free access to enhanced reference (description, table of contents, front cover, back cover, short abstract, etc.) No exclusiveness No commercial role played by the BnF No exclusiveness No commercial role played by the BnF On Gallica’s website On e-distributor’s website Economic model selected

6. Example : search « Alfred Nobel »

7. Protocols and technical model e-distrib. 1 OAI-NUM repository e-distrib. 1 OAI-NUM repository e-distrib. 2 OAI-NUM repository e-distrib. 2 OAI-NUM repository partner library 1 OAI-NUM repository partner library 1 OAI-NUM repository partner library 2 OAI-NUM repository partner library 2 OAI-NUM repository BnF OAI-NUM repository BnF OAI-NUM repository Index Metadata : OAI-PMH protocol (format DC and Onix) e-distrib. 1 Document server e-distrib. 1 Document server e-distrib. 2 Document server e-distrib. 2 Document server BnF Document server BnF Document server Full text : FTP protocol (basic XML format) Search Results Website access : HTTP protocol (HTML / Ajax) e-distrib. 1 Document viewer e-distrib. 1 Document viewer e-distrib. 2 Document viewer e-distrib. 2 Document viewer partner library 1 Document viewer partner library 1 Document viewer partner library 2 Document viewer partner library 2 Document viewer In the near future…

8. Partners involved and financial support  Heritage documents (philosophy, history, literature, religion, science...)  International programmes (daily press, legal documentation, secondary history and sciences such as genealogy, languages and learning of languages...)  Europe in all its aspects (political philosophy, national identities, history, economy, business, work, professional activities, science and technology, social matters...) …12 e-distributors…more than 100 publishers …if offers by publishers and e-distributors fit Gallica documentary policy : French National Center for the Book (CNL) offers financial support to…

9. Evaluation Number of copyrighted books available on Gallica Ratio copyrighted books / non-copyrighted books available on Gallica Ratio copyrighted books / all types of documents available on Gallica Few books were actually bought on the e-distributors platforms The experimentation guaranteed a good visibility for the publishers and the e-distributors

10. Next steps  Capitalize on the technical and organisational options developped throught the experimentation  Address the public’s demands and expectations regarding copyrighted books :  Offer books that better fit Gallica documentary policy  Improve ergonomy (transition between Gallica’s and e- distributors’ platforms)  Offer book rental (paper or digital) via a collaboration with booksellers and regional or university libraries  Offer free access to whole text in BnF reading rooms  Contribute to ARROW

11. Thank you for your attention