1. Medieval Architecture

2. Dallas Ibarra What is Romanesque Architecture? What similarities are most notable between this style of architecture and buildings found in the Roman Empire? Romanesque Architecture is the term which is used to describe the building styles which were used between 800-1100AD Similarities- Roman “Barrel Vault” & Roman Arch

3. Tajaa McKesson What are 2 features from Romanesque architecture? Stone used in Romanesque architecture was cut with precision The use of the Roman arch led to the stone being supported in the middle by the arch construction.

4. MARCOS RIVAS What is Gothic Architecture? Why do you think people were upset by the fact that Romanesque lines and proportions were abandoned? Gothic or perpendicular Architecture is the term which used to describe the building styles which were used between 1200-1500AD.

5. Erika Gray What are two features of Gothic Architecture? Pointed Gothic Arch Gothic Rose Windows

6. Tajaa McKesson Why was the Gothic Arch such a major feature of Middle Ages architecture? Because it provided greater flexibility that could span greater distances, allowing vaults to be wider.

7. Education of Medieval Women

8. Haleigh Upton How were women educated in the early middle ages? - Women from nobility or wealthy classes learned from being taught privately or home schooled.

9. Kevin Anderson Why were women of the upper class expected to know how to read and write? - To keep them from thinking of armful thoughts of impurity.

10. Adriona Carter What was St. Thomas of Aquinas’ view on women and education? -St. Thomas said in his quote that “ the woman is subject to man on account of her weakness of her nature’’ basically saying women are weak and should obey men.

11. Carolina Guillen What was the purpose of women being educa ted? So that “keeping busy they will escape the harmful thoughts, the pleasures and vanities of the flesh.”

12. Rebecca Le What were women expected to be devoted to? - Women were expected to be devoted to “female labors” such as cleaning around the house, cooking, taking care of the family, and prayers.

13. Medieval Literature

14. Davion How was paper made in the Middle Ages? How were early medieval books created? o Paper was made from calf’s skin, and parchment, made from lamb’s skin. o Students learning to write used wooden tablets covered in green or black wax.

15. Justin What writing styles did poets and scholars take on while traveling during the Crusades? o Romantic prose, social commentary, and poetic fiction.

16. Natasha Why do you think it was such a privilege to be able to check out a book during this time period? o Because paper was rare and there were very few books.

17. Natasha, Davion, and Justin What does Dante Alighieri’s famous three part story tell about? Why do you think so many people from the Middle Ages were interested in this work? o The first three volumes, The Inferno, describes the after life for the wicked, where hell s compromised of nine descending circles and there s no forgiveness. o The ninth and lowest circle was reversed for Satan and betrayers of benefactors, kin, and country. o Purgatorio ad Paradiso, the remaining volumes of La Divina Commedia, continue Dante’s journey through more of the after life.

18. Afrika, Cassie, Ariel, & Shelby

19. Where were the best doctors and scientists during the Middle ages? How might this have been a threat to Europe? Answer: The best scientists and doctors were not in Europe, but in the Islamic Empire to the south and east. It may have been a threat to Europe, because they probably were getting very ill, because they had no good doctors, etc.

20. What cultures did the Europeans learn a lot of from scientific observation? Provide 2 examples. The cultures were, plants and astronomy. As well as how to use an astrolable from Islamic astronomers. And the Europeans learned about the compass about 1200 AD from Chinese through the Mongol Empire and passed the knowledge on to the Arabs.

21. What is alchemy? What was the original purpose of alchemy? Basically chemistry now. Same just different name. & Alchemists tried to find way to help people live forever, & they were especially interested in turning led into gold. Comes from the Arabic word for “the chemistry”, originally from a Greek word meaning “fluids’

22. What was introduced into mathematics during the Middle Ages? The middle ages saw the introduction of what we call Arabic numbers (1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9) from India through West Asia to Europe.

23. How did people of the Middle Ages use engineering for farming? The horseshoe was invented, and also a new kind of horse harness that worked better than what the romans had.

24. Medieval Universities

25. Christian Who could be educated during the early Middle Ages? Primarily to the clergy and to a few members of the ruling classes

26. Breanna Nichols Where did the earliest forms of higher education emerge? In the early part of the middle ages were those in eastern Europe.

27. Christian, Jeanette, Breanna Who was a key figure in the rise of medieval universities? What did he do? A key figure in the rise of the medieval university was Pope Gregory VII He issued a papal decree mandating the creation of cathedral schools

28. Jeanette Osorio What were some of the earliest colleges? University of Cambridge Balliol college Corpus Christi college

29. SCHOLASTICISM

30. CINDY MENDEZ  When did scholasticism dominate Western European schools? From about 1100 until about 1600.

31. J’JAY LOVO  What does scholasticism mean?  Scholasticism is a method of teaching that dominated schools of Western Europe from about 1100 until 1600.

32. AARON T  What modern day fields did philosophy give birth to?  It gave birth to independent fields of study: Physics, Chemistry, Politics, Economics, etc

33. SARAH THEPOUTHAY  What about scholasticism were students taught? -Students were taught to argue from reason, experience, and authority.