1. End Show Slide 1 of 24 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Biology

2. End Show Slide 2 of 24 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall 24-3 Plant Propagation and Agriculture

3. End Show 24-3 Plant Propagation and Agriculture Slide 3 of 24 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Vegetative Reproduction Vegetative reproduction is a method of asexual reproduction used by flowering plants. Vegetative reproduction enables a single plant to produce many offspring genetically identical to itself.

4. End Show 24-3 Plant Propagation and Agriculture Slide 4 of 24 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Vegetative Reproduction What forms of vegetative reproduction occur in plants?

5. End Show 24-3 Plant Propagation and Agriculture Slide 5 of 24 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Vegetative Reproduction Vegetative reproduction includes the production of new plants from horizontal stems, from plantlets, and from underground roots.

6. End Show 24-3 Plant Propagation and Agriculture Slide 6 of 24 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Vegetative Reproduction Some angiosperms produce tiny plants, or plantlets, at the tips of elongated stems.

7. End Show 24-3 Plant Propagation and Agriculture Slide 7 of 24 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Vegetative Reproduction Other plants grow horizontal stems. These long trailing stems, called stolons, produce roots when they touch the ground.

8. End Show 24-3 Plant Propagation and Agriculture Slide 8 of 24 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Vegetative Reproduction Once the roots are well established, each stolon may be broken, forming a new independent plant.

9. End Show 24-3 Plant Propagation and Agriculture Slide 9 of 24 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Plant Propagation What is plant propagation?

10. End Show 24-3 Plant Propagation and Agriculture Slide 10 of 24 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Plant Propagation In plant propagation, horticulturists use cuttings, grafting, or budding to make many identical copies of a plant or to produce offspring from seedless plants.

11. End Show 24-3 Plant Propagation and Agriculture Slide 11 of 24 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Plant Propagation Cuttings One of the simplest ways to reproduce plants vegetatively is by cuttings. A grower “cuts” a plant stem that includes buds containing meristematic tissue. That stem is then partially buried in soil or in a special rooting mixture. Some plants are treated with rooting powders to help them grow.

12. End Show 24-3 Plant Propagation and Agriculture Slide 12 of 24 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Plant Propagation Grafting and Budding Grafting and budding are used to reproduce seedless plants and varieties of woody plants that do not produce strong root systems. A piece of stem or a lateral bud is cut from the parent plant and attached to another plant.

13. End Show 24-3 Plant Propagation and Agriculture Slide 13 of 24 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Plant Propagation The cut piece is called the scion, and the plant to which it is attached is called the stock. When stems are used as scions, the process is called grafting. When buds are used as scions, the process is called budding.

14. End Show 24-3 Plant Propagation and Agriculture Slide 14 of 24 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Agriculture Agriculture is the systematic cultivation of plants.

15. End Show 24-3 Plant Propagation and Agriculture Slide 15 of 24 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Agriculture Which crops are the major food supply for humans?

16. End Show Slide 16 of 24 24-3 Plant Propagation and Agriculture Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Agriculture Worldwide Patterns of Agriculture Most of the people of the world depend on a few crop plants, such as wheat, rice, and corn, for the bulk of their food supply. Roughly 80 percent of all U.S. cropland is used to grow wheat, corn, soybeans, and hay.

17. End Show 24-3 Plant Propagation and Agriculture Slide 17 of 24 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Agriculture Changes in Agriculture The efficiency of agriculture has been improved through: improvements in farming techniques the selective breeding of crop plants Selective breeding allows only organisms with certain traits to produce the next generation.

18. End Show 24-3 Plant Propagation and Agriculture Slide 18 of 24 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Agriculture Improvements in farming techniques have contributed to dramatic improvements in crop yields. Some of the most important techniques have been the use of pesticides and fertilizers.

19. End Show - or - Continue to: Click to Launch: Slide 19 of 24 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall 24-3

20. End Show Slide 20 of 24 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall 24-3 Which of the following is a method of vegetative reproduction? a.pollination b.seed dispersal c.plantlet production d.fertilization

21. End Show Slide 21 of 24 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall 24-3 Long, trailing stems that can produce roots are called a.scions. b.stolons. c.cuttings. d.buds.

22. End Show Slide 22 of 24 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall 24-3 In order to propagate a plant by cuttings, the cuttings must include a.roots, stems, and leaves. b.xylem and phloem. c.meristematic tissue. d.ground tissue.

23. End Show Slide 23 of 24 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall 24-3 The process in which a stem is used as a scion is called a.grafting. b.budding. c.stock. d.stolon.

24. End Show Slide 24 of 24 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall 24-3 Crops used as food by the bulk of the world include all of the following EXCEPT a.corn. b.wheat. c.rice. d.potatoes.

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