1. Welcome to Assessment of ecological status according to the Water Framework Directive – intercalibration among Western-Balkan countries kickoff July 2015

2. Project partners 1.Hydrobiological Institute, Macedonia 2.Agricultural University Tirana, Albania 3.Institute of Hydrometeorology and Seismology, Montenegro 4.University of Belgrade, Faculty of Biology, Serbia 5.NIVA and NMBU, Norway funded by the Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs

3. The application: project goals 1.to establish common and comparable methods for investigating macrophytes, diatoms, macroinvertebrates, water chemistry and external nutrient input into lakes in all participating countries 2.to study unimpacted lakes (reference lakes), in order to agree on a standard against which flora and fauna of impacted lakes can be compared 3.to study some slightly and some heavily impacted lakes using the same methods as in 1 and 2, in order to show that the established methods actually work pollutednot polluted Why do we want to do this??  background of the project

4. Background: Developing biological tools for the Water Framework Directive in Lake Ohrid project funded by Norway, 2009 – 2013

5. sustainable management agreement between countries pollution will always affect the whole lake, and not stop at political borders Lake Ohrid

6. Developing biological tools for Lake Ohrid

7. very good good moderate poor badECOLOGICALSTATUS index at reference site index at sampling site What we have not achieved... ? ?

8. Developing biological tools for Lake Ohrid

9. Western Balkan: ecological status solution: look for comparable lakes, which are unpolluted if you do not have such lakes in your country  collaborate with your neighbours Albania Macedonia Albania Serbia Montenegro

10. Study lakes (proposal) Macedonia/Albania: Lake Ohrid, slightly polluted Lake Prespa, polluted Montenegro: Black Lake, unpolluted (reference lake) Biogradsko Lake, unpolluted (reference lake) Serbia: Savsko jezero reservoir (Sava lake); polluted Albania: one additional unpolluted or only slightly polluted lake in the Lura lakes area  6 sites in each lake

11. Bioindication may be a little tricky => the scientific goal of our project

12. The Lake Ohrid ecosystem very good good moderate poor bad

13. PP The Lake Ohrid ecosystem

14. PP

15. Developing biological tools for Lake Ohrid

16. „bonus“ project goals polluted not polluted plus: draw maps with R, instead of  ENSIS Sediment-P (certain sediment-P fractions may be related to nutrient input/availability) BenthoTorch for measuring benthic algal biomass

17. Task list for this workshop 1.Intro 2.presentation of proposed lakes  discussion: suitable? Selection of sites? 3.Nutrient-input, the landward side of the littoral:  discussion field work: which parameters are important to note? 4.field work: when? 5.project website 6.group work: diatoms, macrophytes, macroinvertebrates, chemistry;  all: discuss methods, intercalibration among countries  chemistry: can we measure sediment phosphorus? 7.summary group work Summer: Autumn? Spring?

18. Assessment of ecological status according to the Water Framework Directive – Ideas are welcome !

20. Western Balkan: ecological status Study lakes

21. Study lakes (proposal) Macedonia/Albania: Lake Ohrid, slightly polluted Lake Prespa, polluted Montenegro: Black Lake, unpolluted (reference lake) Biogradsko Lake, unpolluted (reference lake) Serbia: Savsko jezero reservoir (Sava lake); polluted Albania: one additional unpolluted or only slightly polluted lake in the Lura lakes area  6 sites in each lake

22. Western Balkan: ecological status Study lakes Presentation of proposed lakes Discussion: are all lakes suitable? Yes. Hydrology is probably different, but we should just be aware of it and try anyway How do we get there? 5 lakes accessible by car, Lura lake a bit difficult, but Magda will find out in 2015 Do we need a boat? Ohrid and Prespa OK, Sava small boat, Lura and Montenegro (Pavle will check): small rubber boat or local boat Accomodation? Ohrid OK, Prespa: OK (hotel), Sava OK, Lura: small hotel nearby, Montenegro: lodges nearby Are 6 sites per lake OK? Yes Place sites NOT at inlets or outlets, choose homogeneous stretches, use clear name for each site and DO NOT CHANGE THE NAME LATER, take GPS coordinates at the shoreline. OK. Susi will send reminder email to team leaders, and ask for a proposal of sites before summer 2016

24. Western Balkan: ecological status General issues about field work

25. Field work Field work: how often? when? all together? which lakes in which years? sampling depth?

26. Field work Once? Two times? Field work: how often? when? all together? which lakes in which years? sampling depth?

27. Field work Summer: 2 last weeks in July? Autumn? Spring? Field work: how often? when (season)? all together? which lakes in which years? sampling depth?

28. Field work Field work: how often? when? all together? which lakes in which years? sampling depth?

29. Field work responsible for organization bot./ chem. inverts/ chem. bot./ chem. inverts/ chem. bot./ chem. inverts/ chem. Ohrid and Prespa Macedonia/ Albania July 2016 May 2016 2 lakes Montenegro MontenegroJuly 2017 Sava lake and 1 lake Lura Serbia/ Albania July 2017 Field work: how often? when? all together? which lakes in which years? sampling depth?

30. Field work 0.5 m? 0-1m, 1-2m, 2-4m, >4m? 0.5 m, 2 m, ??? Field work: how often? when? all together? which lakes in which years? sampling depth?  comparative analyses across groups!!!  do not change sampling depth during project!

31. Western Balkan: ecological status Sediment-phosphorus How to take the samples Grab sample (do we have a grab that we can use at all sites?) from about 1 m (or deeper?) depth How to store the samples Sediment kept at 4 o C (fridge) should be ok for quite a long time; but it is best to try and analyse the samples during September (if we take them in the end of July) How to measure sediment P Extractant: 0.1M NaOH (4g NaOH in 1L DI water) 2g of wet sediments in a 50 ml centrifuge tube add 25 ml of extractant shake over 18 hours centrifuge at 5000 rpm for 20 minutes recover the supernatant, keep at 4 o C until analysis measure soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP) and total phosphorus (TP) in the extracts Note: it is almost always necessary to dilute the supernatant! Suggest starting with 1:1 dilution …but this is just a guess

32. Western Balkan: ecological status

33. Day 2: Group work: 2 hours! Macrophytes (report: Norway): transect-width (10 m)? depth zonation (0-1, 1- 2, 2-4, >4)? 1-5 scale? Common species determination 1-2 days after field work? Snorkeling plus grab/rake sampling? Diatoms (report: Serbia): 10 stones? From about 50 cm depth? Shared samples? Who counts samples? Intercalibration of taxonomy/counting methods between countries? Common taxonomy workshops? Macroinvertebrates (report: Macedonia): from which depth? One or two seasons? Kick sampling and/or grab sampling? Who counts samples? Intercalibration of taxonomy/counting methods between countries? Common taxonomy workshops? Chemistry (report: Albania): water: which parameters? From which depth? Who measures what? Intercalibration of methods between countries? Sediment: grab sample? Who can measure sediment P-fractions? Methods?