1. CELLS

2. __________ organisms are made up of just one cell Examples are __________________________ This cell can live on its own in the absence of other cells. unicellular bacteria, amoeba, yeast

3. __________ organisms are made up of many cells Examples are ______________________________ The cells of these organisms cannot live on their own multicellular fly, oak tree, mushroom, algae

4. How to build a multicellular organism: ______________: the basic unit of life of all living things examples: ___________________________ Blood cell, muscle cell, nerve cell cell

5. ______________: similar cells grouped together performing the same job examples: ___________________________ Muscle tissue, cartilage, nervous tissue tissue

6. ______________: two or more tissues working together examples: _____________________ organ lungs, heart, leaf, flower

7. two or more organs working together to perform a specific job ________________________: Organ system examples : _________________________ digestive, circulatory, nervous, roots

8. ______________: two or more organ systems working together to make something that can live on its own examples:_____________________ organism dog, human, daffodil, cockroach

9. What is a cell? There are many different kinds of cells but all cells have some things in common

10. 1) __________________ – they are all surrounded by a membrane that separates the inside of the cell from the external environment and regulates what goes in and out of the cell Cell membrane

11. 2) _________________ – all cells contain DNA; DNA controls all of the activities of the cell, including making new cells. The DNA in a cell is organized into_______________. DNA chromosomes

12. 3) _________________ – all cells contain organelles or specialized areas within the cell that carry out the activities of the cell organelles

13. 4) _________________ – the organelles and everything else in the cell are surrounded by a fluid called cytoplasm cytoplasm

14. 5) ______________ – almost all cells are too small to be seen with the naked eye small size

15. There are two major types of cells: __________________ - these are the cells of _____________ ___________________ - the cells of all other living organisms prokaryotic bacteria eukaryotic

16. The big difference between these two types of cells is that eukaryotic cells have a __________ while prokaryotic cells do not. The nucleus, in eukaryotic cells, holds the cell’s _____________. That is why the nucleus is often called the brain of the cell. In prokaryotic cells, the DNA is in the _________. nucleus DNA cytoplasm

17. mitochondria cellular respiration The process of creating cell energy is known as _________________________. ____________: these are often called the powerhouses of the cell. They are organelles that take in nutrients, break them down, and create energy for the cell.

18. ___________: the food producers of the cell; found only in plants and some protists. __________________: the process that makes food from light energy. chloroplasts photosynthesis

19. __________________: storage containers found in cells. They can store ________________________ Vacuoles are much bigger in plant cells than animal cells because they play an important role in the structure of the plant. When the plant loses a lot of water, the vacuoles shrink and the plant starts to droop. vacuole food, water, waste products

20. __________: protects the cell and maintains structure. Plants, bacteria, fungi and some protists have cell walls. This is the most significant difference between plant and animal cells. While the cell wall provides structure to plants, it limits their mobility. Cell wall vs

21. How do you go from one cell to trillions of cells?

22. How do little elephants grow up to be BIG elephants?

23. All multicellular organisms start from a single cell. The growth of multicellular organisms occurs with cell division. Every time a cell divides, two new cells are formed. Cell division

24. What happens to the DNA when the cell divides? __________ is the process of separating chromosomes so that each cell receives a copy of each chromosome Mitosis

25. The nuclear membrane reforms and ____ new cells are formed replicates nuclear membrane middle opposite ends two Before mitosis begins, the DNA ___________ or makes a copy of itself The _____________________ breaks down The chromosomes line up in the ________ of the cell The chromosomes are pulled to ___________ of the cell

26. Mitosis

27. Mitosis Animation http://www.cellsalive.com/mitosis.htm