1. Copyright © 2011 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Chapter 7 Nursing Diagnosis

2. Copyright © 2011 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. What is a Nursing Diagnosis? Diagnosis –Science and art of identifying problems or conditions Variety of definitions

3. Copyright © 2011 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Comparison of Nursing and Medical Diagnoses Medical –Specific disease, condition, or pathological state Nursing –Purpose, goals, and therapeutic interventions

4. Copyright © 2011 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Historical Perspective 1973 –First national conference for Classification of Nursing Diagnoses –ANA endorsement 1994 –Taxonomy I (continued)

5. Copyright © 2011 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Historical Perspective 2000 –Taxonomy II Research

6. Copyright © 2011 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Purposes of a Nursing Diagnosis Professionalism –Contributes to professional status of discipline Communication –Provides means for effective communication Holistic, individualized care –Facilitate holistic client, family, and community- focused care

7. Copyright © 2011 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Nursing Diagnoses and Nursing Informatics Nursing informatics –Specialty that focuses on dealing with information in nursing practice –Can: Demonstrate value of nursing Improve client care

8. Copyright © 2011 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Components of a Nursing Diagnosis Diagnostic label Definition Defining characteristics Risk factors Related factors (continued)

9. Copyright © 2011 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Components of a Nursing Diagnosis Two-part statement –Diagnostic label –Etiology Three-part statement –Diagnostic label –Etiology –Defining characteristics

10. Copyright © 2011 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Categories of a Nursing Diagnosis Actual Risk Wellness Health promotion

11. Copyright © 2011 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Taxonomy of a Nursing Diagnosis Organizational framework –Domains –Classes –Diagnostic statements (continued)

12. Copyright © 2011 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Taxonomy of a Nursing Diagnosis Domains: –Health promotion –Nutrition –Elimination –Activity/rest –Perception and cognition –Self-perception –Role relationship (continued)

13. Copyright © 2011 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Taxonomy of a Nursing Diagnosis Domains: –Sexuality –Coping and stress tolerance –Life principles –Safety and protection –Comfort –Growth/development

14. Copyright © 2011 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Clinical Judgment in Nursing: Developing a Nursing Diagnosis Generating cues Validating cues Interpreting cues Clustering cues (continued)

15. Copyright © 2011 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Clinical Judgment in Nursing: Developing a Nursing Diagnosis Using North American Nursing Diagnosis Association (NANDA)- approved nursing diagnoses Writing nursing diagnosis statement

16. Copyright © 2011 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Avoiding Errors in the Development and Use of a Nursing Diagnosis Assessment errors: –Incomplete assessment data –Validation errors –Misinterpreting data Diagnostic errors: –Inappropriate data clustering –Incorrect writing of nursing diagnosis statement

17. Copyright © 2011 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Limitations of a Nursing Diagnosis Lack of consensus among nurses regarding NANDA-approved nursing diagnosis list Disagreement over specific label in classification system (continued)

18. Copyright © 2011 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Limitations of a Nursing Diagnosis Perception that list is confining, incomplete, medically oriented, and confusing

19. Copyright © 2011 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Overcoming Limitations of a Nursing Diagnosis Recognize that NANDA’s language is young and ever-changing Become familiar with language to empower communication Develop accurate diagnoses

20. Copyright © 2011 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Overcoming Barriers to a Nursing Diagnosis Continue offering standardized content related to nursing diagnoses in educational programs Provide opportunities for experienced nurses to review nursing diagnoses