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Radio Frequency Interference

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Presentation on theme: "Radio Frequency Interference"— Presentation transcript:

1 Radio Frequency Interference
Regional Preparatory Workshop for WRC-15 Lima, Peru March 12, 2013 Mike Biggs Senior Engineer US FAA Spectrum Engineering Services

2 What is Radio Frequency Interference (RFI)?
ITU Definition: The effect of unwanted energy due to one or a combination of emissions, radiations, or inductions upon reception in a radiocommunication system, manifested by any performance degradation, misinterpretation, or loss of information which could be extracted in the absence of such unwanted energy. Criteria to mitigate inter-system interference are established as an element of ICAO SARPs. E.g., 8 dB D/U for co-channel DME assignments

3 US RFI Yearly Activity Statistics
Maintenance Management System (MMS) Data Event Manager System (EMS) Data Spectrum RFI Tracking System (RFIT) Data ICAO Regional Preparatory Workshop for WRC-15 March 2013

4 RFI Categories Authorized Transmissions Unauthorized Transmissions
Properly Licensed (i.e. FM, AM, TV) Unauthorized Transmissions Wireless Video Cameras High Power Cordless Telephones Unlicensed Pirate FM Stations Spurious Intentional Unauthorized Jamming “Phantom” Controllers Unintentional Spurious Transmissions ICAO Regional Preparatory Workshop for WRC-15 March 2013

5 RFI Sources Citizens Band (CB) Radios (5th harmonic) Paging Systems
Stuck Microphone Transmissions Cell phone Spurious Emissions Electronic Attack (EA) Missions Power line Noise (Broadband Noise) Anomalous Propagation Atmospheric Conditions Amateur “HAM” Radio Land Mobile/Dispatch ICAO Regional Preparatory Workshop for WRC-15 March 2013

6 US National Airspace System RFI
Most Common Source of RFI: Unauthorized Transmissions Pirate FM Broadcast Spurious Most Common FAA Victim: VHF/UHF Voice Communications Most Difficult RFI to Resolve: High Altitude Pilot Only Reported RFI Intermittent RFI (Airborne/Ground) Broadband RFI on Many Frequencies Phase Shift Keying RF Transmissions ICAO Regional Preparatory Workshop for WRC-15 March 2013

7 US RFI Investigation Resources
FAA Personnel and Organizations: ATO Spectrum Engineering Services Headquarters Technical Center Command Center Frequency Management Officers (FMO) Technical Operations Service Areas Aeronautical Center Technical Support Field Specialists (Technicians) Aviation System Standards (Flight Inspection) One International FIO Six National FIOs ICAO Regional Preparatory Workshop for WRC-15 March 2013

8 Regional Used mainly by FMOs Most Complete Measurement System
RFI Investigation Resources FAA Assets and Software Tools Radio Frequency Interference Monitoring (RFIM) Vans Automated or Manual Full Equipment Suite DF Control/Mapping MHz Regional Used mainly by FMOs Most Complete Measurement System ICAO Regional Preparatory Workshop for WRC-15 March 2013

9 Automated Vehicle mounted mobile DF
Portable DF (RFID) 29 RFID Systems GPS DF Antenna L MHz Regional Automated Vehicle mounted mobile DF Detection Band MHz ICAO Regional Preparatory Workshop for WRC-15 March 2013

10 Handheld DF (K95-103) Regional
Most Cost effective First choice instrument for technicians Approx. 300 K Systems GPS DF Antenna L1,L2,L5 VHF Yagi Antenna Directional Regional System Management Office (SMO) 33 Offices in the NAS K Detection Coverage 20 – 3000 MHz Typically 2 miles ICAO Regional Preparatory Workshop for WRC-15 March 2013

11 Airborne DF DF Control/Mapping Operated Automation
GPS DF Array & VHF DF Array L1,L2,L5 & MHz AVN Flight Check NASE/RFI Program to assist in locating RFI/GPS sources First Choice when High Altitude PIREPS ONLY ICAO Regional Preparatory Workshop for WRC-15 March 2013

12 National RFI Initiative
FAA Assets and Software Tools Los Angeles (LAX), Chicago (ORD), New York (JFK), Miami (MIA) FAA Intranet Web based Graphical User Interface (GUI) Web Browser Control of Fixed DF and Spectrum Analyzer New York NIMDS Miami Master IMDS Chicago Los Angeles ICAO Regional Preparatory Workshop for WRC-15 March 2013

13 Interference Monitoring Detection System (IMDS)
WEB IMDS Receiver Tuned Frequency DF Processor Bearing Averaging Triangulation Multiple Audio Playback Capability Synchronized Spectrum Analyzer Spectral View ICAO Regional Preparatory Workshop for WRC-15 March 2013

14 Mapping Triangulation
WEB IMDS Triangulated Bearing Averages Overlay on Map Increases Fix Calculation Ellipse Accuracy Multiple Ellipse Calculation for Smaller Ellipse ICAO Regional Preparatory Workshop for WRC-15 March 2013

15 Flight Explorer ASD Aircraft Situation Display (ASD)
Traffic Flow of potential aircraft PIREPS RLOS Footprint Lowest Aircraft Altitude VENN Diagram Overlay Area ICAO Regional Preparatory Workshop for WRC-15 March 2013

16 Used for Matching with known
Audio Spectrogram Analysis Audio Detection Visual Intensities Used for Matching with known sources Audio Spectral Views ICAO Regional Preparatory Workshop for WRC-15 March 2013

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