2. Slave Trade Routes

3. Atlantic Slave Trade

4. Warm Up Questions
Describe, in your own words, what slavery means to you.
Where do you think slavery began?
Throughout history, where did slaves come from? Particular regions, countries, ethnicities etc..
What is racism?

5. What is slavery?What is a slave?
Slavery: holding someone against their will, and forcing them to do your bidding
Slaves: one who is held against their will, and forced to do another’s bidding: PROPERTY--slaves have no human value, they may be bought, sold, or traded
Does it still exist in today’s world?

6. Slavery does still exist!!
Mauritania--20% of the population slaves
India--if you owe debt, you and your children forced to work in brutal conditions until debt is paid off
Sudan--raiders force people into government “peace camps”. Mainly northern people known as the Dinka are taken.
Human trafficking-mostly women are taken and sold as sex slaves

7. Slavery in America Slaves took the place of indentured servants
In exchange for their transportation across the Atlantic, the servants committed to work for the landowner for 4 to 7 years
Europeans stopped signing on as indentured servants
The need for labor grew as plantations grew
Tobacco, cotton, and sugar plantations

8. Slave Trade Routes

9. Slavery in Americas
African slaves were transported to Spanish and Portuguese colonies in the Caribbean, Mexico, and Central & South America, starting very early in the 16th century
Portugal
Transported over 4.5 million slaves from
This equals 20% of all salves
Spain
Responsible for slavery in the Americas
Society looked down upon those who were poor, and had different skin colors---RACISM
Needed slaves to work plantations
Britain
Transported 2.5 million of the estimated 6 million slaves during the 18th century ( )

10. Slave Revolts 1730s - 1760s: 1760s - 1800s: 1800s - 1840s:
Sudden, violent attacks
1760s s:
More conservative revolts led by plantation slaves
1800s s:
Better organized attacks, organized by assimilated blacks, many of whom were tradesmen.
Absorbed into a culture

11. Spanish Needed to End Revolts and Runaways
Enforced Slave Codes
Laws passed by the Spanish government, regulating the treatment of slaves
Slaves were forbidden to carry guns, take food, strike their masters, or run away
If codes were broken, a slave may be flogged or killed
Slaves were tagged, or branded to indicated who their masters were
from carrying guns, taking food, striking their masters, and running away

12. Life of a Slave
Slaves were treated as property, to be freely bought and sold
The owner was free to split up a couple or family at any time simply by selling some of his/her slaves
Some slave owners allowed their slaves to marry
Others forced marriages on them
Slave children were sent into the fields at about 12 years of age where they worked from sun up to sun down
Slaves were brutally punished and tortured

13. Slave Torture Devices

14. Branding Tools

15. Torture Devices

16. Punishment

17. Marching of Slaves

18. Selling of People
In 1638, "the price tag for an African male was around $27.00 while the salary of a European laborer was about 70 cents per day.”
A slave was worth less than 40 days work by an European laborer
The price of slaves will dramatically rise as the need for them increases
Supply and demand

19. Where Slaves Came From

20. African Kingdoms

21. Middle Passage
The journey of slave trading ships from the west coast of Africa, where the slaves were obtained, across the Atlantic, where they were sold or, traded for goods
The longest, hardest, most dangerous, and most horrific part of the journey of the slave ships
Ships were packed with human cargo--tightly packed
Disease, death, and unimaginable odors
Voyage across the Atlantic could last from 5 weeks to 3 months!!
50% mortality rate during the passage from Africa
Slaves who were too ill to survive the trip were sometimes thrown overboard and drowned

22. Triangular Trade Route

23. Life Aboard a Slave Ship
Two meals a day--one in the morning, one in the late afternoon
Second meal was the same as what the horses would eat
If it was a nice day, the slaves were allowed topside
Men: shackled together
Women and children allowed to run free
Forced exercise--Why??
Jump up and down while shackled at the ankle: kept in shape, sort of
Very painful
Tore flesh away from the bone
Refused to jump (or physically couldn’t)= punishment
Whipped with whip called: cat o’ nine tails
Bad weather days were the worst for slaves: held below deck or “tween deck”
Below deck was dark, filthy, slimy, and stank of death. The "tween decks" were often full not only with slaves, both living and dead, but also with blood, vomit, urine, and human waste.
Were not fed during storms

24. Life Aboard a Slave Ship cont..
Many slaves died during the journey due to the unsanitary conditions aboard the ship, diseases such as scurvy, dysentery, starvation or malnutrition, suffocation, and general homesickness.
Captains were afraid that slaves would rebel against the crew, so they often separated slaves from the same tribes and punished them for talking or singing on the ship.

25. Slave Ship Sleeping Quarters

26. Slave Ship

27. Slave Ship

28. Cat O’ Nine Tails

29. Aboard a Slave Ship

30. Topside of Slave Ship

31. Slave Boy

32. Slave Boys

33. Slave

34. “Am I Not a Man and a Brother”

35. What Happened When the Slave Ships Reached Their Destinations?