1. Changing World Oceans Ocean Acidification © Copyright 2014 - all rights reserved www.cpalms.org

2. The Carbon Cycle © Copyright 2014 - all rights reserved www.cpalms.org The Global Carbon Cycle. Graphic by Walter Denn, LBNL, 2010. http://www.arm.gov/news/features/post/15256

3. pH Scale 7 is neutral Lower pH values are more acidic Higher pH values are more basic The pH scale is a log scale 5 6 7 8 9 © Copyright 2014 - all rights reserved www.cpalms.org 10 times more H+ ions 10 times more H+ ions 100 times more H + ions

4. How Does The Ocean Get Acidified? © Copyright 2014 - all rights reserved www.cpalms.org http://www.pmel.noaa.gov/co2/story/Ocean+Acidification

5. Chemical Reaction CO 2 and H 2 O CO 2 + H 2 O H 2 CO 3 HCO 3 - + H + © Copyright 2014 - all rights reserved www.cpalms.org carbon dioxide water carbonic acid Bicarbonate ion Hydrogen ion An acid is something that produces an excess of hydrogen ions The more acidic a solution is, the lower the pH and the more the H+ ions

6. Pteropod SEM Acid is etching away the surface of the shell © Copyright 2014 - all rights reserved www.cpalms.org http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c5/Impacts_of_ ocean_acidification_%28NOAA_EVL%29.webm/Impacts_of_ocean_acidification_ %28NOAA_EVL%29.webm.480p.webm

7. How Will Acidification Affect Marine Organisms? Pteropod shells malformed © Copyright 2014 - all rights reserved www.cpalms.org http://www.noaanews.noaa.gov/stories2014/20140430_oceanacidification.html

8. © Copyright 2014 - all rights reserved www.cpalms.org http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.epa.gov/climatechange/images/impacts-adaptation/ArcticMarineFoodWeb- large.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.epa.gov/climatechange/impacts- adaptation/ecosystems.html&h=487&w=549&tbnid=CApYIIThsvZnPM&zoom=1&tbnh=211&tbnw=238&usg=__jRhZycMJZXkJJ-Ig70I-N9fopVA=

9. High Mag Calcitic Phytoplankton May not be as susceptible to acidification as aragonitic and calcitic organisms © Copyright 2014 - all rights reserved www.cpalms.org http://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coccolith#mediavie wer/File:Coccolithophore_bloom.jpg http://shadow.eas.gatech.edu/~kcobb/ocean_acid/Kroeker%20et%20al%20201 0.pdf (reading)

10. © Copyright 2014 - all rights reserved www.cpalms.org https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Wo-bHt1bOsw

11. The Earth Will Adapt... But will we? But will we? Will our quality of life change? Will our quality of life change? These are reasons among others that we need to be good stewards of our environment. These are reasons among others that we need to be good stewards of our environment. © Copyright 2014 - all rights reserved www.cpalms.org