1. System parameters and performance CDMA-2000, W-CDMA (UMTS), GSM 900, WLAN 802.11a, WLAN 802.11b, Bluetooth. By Øystein Taskjelle

2. Bluetooth Based on IEEE 802.15 WPAN Short range communication between devices. Typically implemented in cellphones, laptops and data equiptment like threadless mouse & keyboard. Operates in the unlicensed 2.4 GHz ISM band. ISM: Industrial, Scientific, Medical. Uses two modulation modes. Base Rate – Mandatory – Uses shaped binary FM modulation to minimize transceiver comeplexity. Enhanced Data Rate – Optional – Uses phase shift keying, PSK (pi/4-DPSK and 8DPSK). References: [1][2]

3. Bluetooth The gross data air rate is o Base rate: 1 Mbps o EDR pi/4-DPSK: 2 Mbps o EDR 8DPSK: 3 Mbps TDD Power classes References: [1][2]

4. Bluetooth frequency band Specifics for frequency band: o Spectrum:2400 - 2483.5 MHz o Lower guard band: 2 MHz o Upper guard band: 3.5 MHz o Channel spacing: 1 MHz o Number of channels: 79, numbered with 0-78 References: [1][2]

5. Bluetooth Bluetooth technology’s adaptive frequency hopping (AFH) capability was designed to reduce interference between wireless technologies sharing the 2.4 GHz spectrum. AFH works within the spectrum to take advantage of the available frequency. This is done by detecting other devices in the spectrum and avoiding the frequencies they are using. This adaptive hopping allows for more efficient transmission within the spectrum, providing users with greater performance even if using other technologies along with Bluetooth technology. The signal hops among 79 frequencies at 1 MHz intervals to give a high degree of interference immunity.

6. Bluetooth The receiver sensitivity shall be below or equal to –70 dBm with any Bluetooth transmitter. – The actual sensitivity level is defined as the input level for which a raw bit error rate (BER) of 0.1% is met. References: [1][2] Sensitivity

7. IEEE 802.11b-1999 Used as a wireless alternative to wired LAN Range outdoor up to 106 meters Frequency: 2400-2483.5 MHz (ISM). Channels: 13 in Europe (1-13). 5 MHz spacing, start at 2412, end at 2472. Channel bandwidth: 22 MHz. Channel 1, 6 and 11 does not interfer with each other. Data rate: from 1 – 11 Mbps References: [3][17]

8. IEEE 802.11b-1999 References: [3][4][17] Used as a wireless alternative to wired LAN Range outdoor up to 106 meters Frequency: 2400-2483.5 MHz (ISM). Channels: 13 in Europe (1-13). 5 MHz spacing, start at 2412, end at 2472. Channel bandwidth: 22 MHz. Channel 1, 6 and 11 does not interfer with each other. Data rate: from 1 – 11 Mbps

9. IEEE 802.11b-1999 The standard Sensitivity Input level of –76 dBm measured at the antenna connector. – The frame error ratio (FER) shall be less than 0.08 at a PSDU length of 1024 octets. Output power 18.4.7.1 Transmit power levels Maximum output power: 100mW = 20dBm (EIRP)‏ Example 3Com® Wireless 11a/b/g PCI Adapter, – product #: 3CRDAG675B. Sensitivity 802.11b: 11 Mbps: -86 dBm 5.5 Mbps: -88 dBm 2 Mbps: -91 dBm 1 Mbps: -93 dBm Output power 802.11b/11g: 17 dBm References: [3][4][5]

10. IEEE 802.11a-1999 Channel bandwidth: 16.6 MHz References: [4][6]

11. IEEE 802.11a-1999 48 subcarriers * 6 bits = 288 3/4 * 288 bits per symbol = 216 data bits per symbol References: [6]

12. IEEE 802.11a-1999 Sensitivity References: [5][6]

13. IEEE 802.11a-1999 References: [6]

14. IEEE 802.11a-1999 Why use 11a over 11b/g? Interference – 11b/g uses 2.4 GHz – alot of 2.4 GHz devices sold commercial – a heavily used bandwidth – 11b/g has only three non-interfering channels – 11a advantage: uses 5 GHz that is not interfering with 2.4 GHz – 11a has alot of non-interfering channels Throughput – 11b – only 11 Mbps totalt throughput with highest modulation 11a is more secure due to weaker penetration capabilities of the 5 GHz vs 2.4 GHz Why should you not use 11a? Costs – Lower range due to frequency – More expensive devices – Less devices – Expensive deployment

15. GSM900 GSM900 is a cellular network in the 900 MHz band. The following frequencies were originally assigned for GSM900: 890 – 915 MHz for uplink (mobile transmitting, base station receiving)‏ 935 – 960 MHz for downlink (base station transmitting, mobile station receiving)‏ Further on the specifications are: The duplex separation is 45 MHz Carrier spacing is 200 KHz 124 carriers in the available bandwidth The channel width highest frequency is used as upper band guard. References: [11][12][13][18]

16. GSM900 References: [12]

17. GSM900 References: [12][18] Output power Sensitivity

18. CDMA-2000 Revision B CDMA-2000 is used as wireless broadband. – Norway, Ice.net uses 450 MHz-band with CDMA-2000 technology. – One can use USB-dongles or APs to connect to the network. Frequencies – CDMA-2000 Rev B supports a varity of frequency bands. – 18 different bands with numbering from 0 to 17. My presentation – Ice.net's network in Norway. – Band Class 5 - 450 Mhz Ice.net uses Revision A at present time, the implementation of Rev B has started and is supposed to be in use by 2009 (www.ice.net - Fakta om Ice.net.pdf). References: [7][8][9][10][11]

19. CDMA-2000 Revision B Ice.net frequencies 452.5-457.5 MHz 462.5-467.5 MHz This matches the subclass 0, Block designator A. References: [7]

20. CDMA-2000 Revision B Ice.net frequencies 452.5-457.5 MHz 462.5-467.5 MHz This matches the subclass 0, Block designator A. Can either user spreading rate 1, channel bandwidth of 1.23 MHz. spreading rate 3, channel bandwidth of 3.69 MHz. References: [7][10]

21. CDMA-2000 Revision B Ice.net frequencies 452.5-457.5 MHz 462.5-467.5 MHz This matches the subclass 0, Block designator A. Can either user spreading rate 1, channel bandwidth of 1.23 MHz. spreading rate 3, channel bandwidth of 3.69 MHz. Table 2.1.6-5 show the preferred channel numbers to use. Handset: f = 0.025 (N – 1) + 450 Base station: f = 0.025 (N – 1) + 460 Where N = channel number References: [7][10]

22. CDMA-2000 Revision B References: [7][10] Maximum througput stated by Ice.net Downlink has a maximum throughput of 14.7 Mbps Uplink has a maximum throughput of 5.4 Mbps

23. WCDMA WCDMA, Wideband Code Divison Multiplex Access - also known as UMTS. - wireless third generation cellular network. - one can use cellphones with integrated WCDMA or USB-dongles to connect to the networks. Basestations uses the same frequencies and sends at the same time. CDMA differs the connections with induvidual codes. Due too the frequency sharing one can expect high noise ratio.

24. WCDMA Channel bandwidth 5 Mhz Channel spacing 200 KHz Power control TDD max: 125 mW FDD max: 250 mW Sensitivity Handset: -117 dBm Frequencies for UMTS in Norway regulated by NPT Authority. References: [11][13][14][15]] FDD Uplink FDD Downlink TDD

25. WCDMA Maximum througput for WCDMA is 128 kbps uplink and 384 kbps downlink. References: [16]

26. Comparison table

27. References