2. Unit 1 Module 8

3. Background Knowledge Language Points General Understanding

6. Alabama 亚拉巴马州 Alaska 阿拉斯加州 Arizona 亚利桑那州 Arkansas 阿肯色州 California 加利福尼亚州 Colorado 科罗拉多州 Connecticut 康涅狄格州 Delaware 特拉华州 Florida 佛罗里达州 Georgia 佐治亚州 Hawaii 夏威夷 Idaho 爱达荷州 Illinois 伊利诺伊州 Indiana 印第安纳州 Iowa 艾奥瓦 ( 衣阿华 ) 州 Kansas 堪萨斯州 Louisiana 路易斯安那州 Maine 缅因州 Massachusetts 马塞诸塞州 ( 麻 省 ) Maryland 马里兰州 Michigan 密歇根 ( 密执安 ) 州 Minnesota 明尼苏达州 Mississippi 密西西比州 Missouri 密苏里州 Montana 蒙大拿州

7. Nevada 内华达州 New hampshise 新罕布什尔 州 New Jersey 新泽西州 New Mexico 新墨西哥州 New York 纽约州 North Carolina 北卡罗来州 North Dakota 北达科他州 Ohio 俄亥俄州 Oklahoma 俄克拉何马州 Oregon 俄勒冈州 Pennsylvania 宾夕法尼亚州 Rhode 罗得岛 South Cardina 南卡罗来州 South Dakota 南达科他州 Tennessee 田纳西州 Texas 得克萨斯州 Utah 犹他州 Vermont 佛蒙特州 Virginia 弗吉尼亚州 Washington 华盛顿州 West Virginia 西弗吉尼亚 州 Wisconsin 威斯康星州 Wyoming 怀俄明州

8. How much do you know about the USA

9. 1. Which stands for the USA? A. B. C. D. √

10. A.B. C. D. 2. Which stands for the USA? √ National Emblems （国徽）

11. White House 3.The capital of the USA is ______? A. B. C. D. New York City Washington D.C. Atlanta Los angles √

12. 4. How many states are there in the USA? A. B. C. D. 47 48 49 50 √

13. A.B. C. D. 5. Which doesn’t belong to the USA? Statue of Liberty Golden Bridge White House Eiffel Tower √

14. Golden Gate Bridge

15. 唐人街 (Chinatown in LA) 环球影城好莱坞星光大道 街景 (Hollywood,LA)

16. It is 305 feet tall, given by France as a gift. Symbol of American democracy

17. California

18. The Mississippi River is the longest river in the US (3760km). The Yangtze River in China is the world’s third-longest river (5530km). The longest river in the world is the Nile River (6690km).

19. California is also called Golden State. It’s the third largest state, behind Alaska and Texas, and runs almost 800 miles from north to south. It is not surprising that it offers a contrasting landscape and a diverse topography.

20. StagePeopleTimeEvent Asians15000 Natives1600sSuffered by Europeans Spanish 1600sTook native’s land 1800sRuled by Spain 1821 1846 Russians Settled in Gold miners South American s European s Asians 1848 1850 Native Americans Arrived first Spanish Became part of Mexico Became the 31st state Discovered&Rush for gold Declare war&Given back 1800s

21. StagePeopleTimeEvent Later arrivals AfricansMoved from Mexico ChineseBuild the railway Japanes e Farmed Denmar k Established a town JewishDeveloped industry Italians Fished and made wine Africans1942-1945 Worked in ship& aircraft industries 1860s 1800s Late 1900s By 1920s Early 1900s 1911

22. StagePeopleTimeEvent Recent arrival s Indians, Pakistanis Worked in Computer industry Cambodia ns Koreans Vietnames e Laotians Immigrated Future Different parts Future Immigrated Recent decades 1970s

23. Language Points 1.California is the third largest state in the USA but has the largest population.(L1) 形容词最高级表示 “ 最 ” ，与序数词连用表示 “ 第几 ” Mary is the tallest student in our class. Tom is the second tallest boy in our class.

24. --- Ｗ hat the population of this city? ---The population in the city 100million. 25% of the population of this city older than 60. TThe population of our country ___ very large. is are is population 指人口总量时用单数，用 what 提 问，但指多少人口时用复数形式。

25. 2.It is also the most multicultural state in the US.. 也是美国拥有最多元文化的州。 multi- 是一个常用的前缀，表示 “ 多 ” 。

26. multi- = many meanings multi-colored multinational multi-channel multistory multi-form multimedia made of many colors including many nations having many channels having many stories existing in many forms using many media (TV, radio and CDs)

27. There are two clauses in this sentence, can you find them out? What clauses are they? 3. Scientists believe that these first settlers crossed the Bering Strait from Asia to Alaska by means of a land bridge which existed in prehistoric times. Object clause Attributive clause ( ) ( )

28. means: a method or a way (of doing) 方式， 方法，手段。单复数同形。 by means of: by using 依靠，凭借。 1. The thief had wanted to escape by means of a secret tunnel, but was caught. 2. The quickest means of travel is by plane.

29. prehistoric times 史前时期 pre- 是一个前缀， 表示 “ 前 ” ， “ 先 ” ， “ 预先 ” 。 e.g prepay, preview, prejudge, predetermine.

30. 4.Thousands were killed or forced into slavery. forced into slavery: 被迫成为奴隶 1)Thousand, hundred, million, dozen, score 等表数字 的词表示具体数字时不加 “s” ，加 “s” 时泛指许多。 Hundreds and hundreds of people go skating in winter.

31. 2) thousands of 成千上万的 类似的用法还有 ： hundreds of 数以百计的 scores of 许多 millions of 上百万的 dozens of 许多，大量 tens of thousands of 数以万计的 Don ’ t forget!

32. The teacher bought two ___books in the bookstore. A. scores of B. scores C. score of C Bear them in your mind!

33. 4.However, some survived these terrible times And today there are more Native Americans Living in California than in any other state.  当比较的主体属于被比较者里面的一员 时，用 other 或 else 排除比较的主体。  Mary is taller than any other girls in her class.  Mary is taller than any boys in her class.  No one else in the class is taller than Mary.

34. 6.Spanish soldiers first arrived in America in the early 16 th century when they fought against the native people and took their land. fight against 为反对 …… 而战，和 …… 斗争。 fight for 为（争取） …… 而斗争 You should be ready to fight against difficulties. 你们应该准备同困难作斗争。 Two dogs fight for a bone, and a third runs away with it. 鹬蚌相争，渔翁得利。

35. 7. In 1848, not long after the American- Mexican war,gold was discovered in California. not long after 不久之后 long after 很久之后 long before 很久以前 before long 不久以后

36. 8. Many died or returned home, but most remained in California to make a life for themselves in the new towns or on farms. remained: 系动词,“ 留下 ”,“ 逗留 ”. I’ll remain to see the end of the game. The foreign guests remained in Beijing for two weeks.

37. make a life: to change the way one is living make a living: to do work to earn money 9. It was the building of the railway from the west to the east coast that brought even larger numbers to California in the 1860s. 这是强调式句

38. 10……. which today still keeps up its Danish culture. keep up: never stop,continue steadily,go on The manager asked the workers to keep up the work. The rain kept up for two days and the roads were flooded.

39. 11.People from Africa have been living in California since the 1800s, when they moved north from Mexico. have been doing 现在完成进行时, 强调始 于过去某时的动作持续发生到现在. eg He has been painting the room. 他一直都在粉刷房间.

40. when they moved north from Mexico 这是一个非限制性定语从句，对先行词 “the 1800s” 进行补充说明，先行词在从 句中作时间状语，因此用关系副词 “when” 引导。

41. 12. California has become home to people from Asia, including Cambodians,Koreans, Vietnamese and Laotians. become home to: 成为家园 The island has become home to snakes.

42. Home work  Read the passage again.  Keep the important sentences in your mind.  underline the noun clauses in the passage.