1. 1 THE ROLE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY IN THE EMERGING AFRICAN UNIVERSITY Sibry TAPSOBA (Ph.D) Manager – Education, Science and Technology Division African Development Bank University Leaders Forum Accra (Ghana) – 24 November 2008

2. 2 Functions of the University: Model of the Emerging African University RESEARCH – Science, Technology and Innovation (Technology Catch-Up) ECONOMIC GROWTH – Capital Flow (Link with Productive Sectors of the Economy) SERVICE – Application of Research (Social Development) TEACHING – Skills Development (Education and Training) Institutions (MNCs, Govt., Markets, Dev. Agencies, Civil Society, etc.)

3. 3 Functions of the University (1) TEACHING – Skills Development (Education and Training): The world has evolved, but teaching in the African University has remained “immaculate” Institutions (MNCs, Govt., Markets, Dev. Agencies, Civil Society, etc.) RESEARCH – Science, Technology and Innovation (Technology Catch-Up) SERVICE – Application of Research (Social Development) ECONOMIC GROWTH – Capital Flow (Link with Productive Sectors of the Economy)

4. 4 Functions of the University (2) Institutions (MNCs, Govt., Markets, Dev. Agencies, Civil Society, etc.) RESEARCH – Science, Technology and Innovation (Technology Catch-Up): Transforming Raw Commodity/Natural Resources from a “Curse to a Blessing” TEACHING – Skills Development (Education and Training) SERVICE – Application of Research (Social Development) ECONOMIC GROWTH – Capital Flow (Link with Productive Sectors of the Economy)

5. 5 R&D SSA48 North Africa160 Latin America261 Brazil168 India158 China459 USA4,103 Researchers per Million population Source: World Bank, 2008

6. 6 R&D Financed by Enterprises ($ per capita) Source: Sanjaya (2006)

7. 7 Agriculture Technologies How can we compete in the Global Market with these tools? Research & Innovation are Key in all Development Sectors Burkina Faso USA

8. 8 Skills, Measured by Tertiary Technical Enrolments (per 1000 people) Source: Sanjaya, 2006

9. 9 Changing shares of global manufacturing value added (MVA) 1980-2000 (%) Source: Sanjaya, 2006

10. 10 Functions of the University (3) Institutions (MNCs, Govt., Markets, Dev. Agencies, Civil Society, etc.) RESEARCH – Science, Technology and Innovation (Technology Catch-Up) TEACHING – Skills Development (Education and Training) SERVICE – Application of Research (Social Development): Daily Life Solutions ECONOMIC GROWTH – Capital Flow (Link with Productive Sectors of the Economy)

11. 11 Role of hi-tech products is more evident in the 50 fastest growing exports over 1990-2000 (% shares) Source: Sanjaya, 2006

12. 12 Developed World Africa Foreign Aid Received 4 billon US $ in Technical Assistance + Brain Drain in Science and Technology

13. 13 Institutions (MNCs, Govt., Markets, Dev. Agencies, Civil Society, etc.) Functions of the University (4) RESEARCH – Science, Technology and Innovation (Technology Catch-Up) TEACHING – Skills Development (Education and Training) SERVICE – Application of Research (Social Development) ECONOMIC GROWTH – Capital Flow (Link with the Productive Sectors of the Economy): Resources to reduce Poverty

14. 14 The Growth Evidence Years 1960 2005 Growth Growth due mainly to Investment in Human Capital, Science and Technology Development Growth due mainly to Exploitation of Raw Materials and Natural Resources Ghana Ghana per capita KoreaKorea per capita $ 150 $16,291 (est. at $24,600 in 2007) $512 (est. at $1,400 in 2007) $100

15. 15 Developing world FDI distribution 10 COUNTRIES GET 80% OF FDI IN THE DEVELOPING WORLD: AND THEIR SHARE IS RISING OVER TIME LARGE PART OF RECENT FDI, PARTICULARLY IN LAC, IS NOT IN MANUFACTURING OR EXPORT-ORIENTED ACTIVITIES: THE MAJOR EXCEPTION IS MEXICO Source: Sanjaya, 2006

16. 16 FDI as % gross domestic investment Source: Sanjaya, 2006

17. 17 ADB Perspective  AfDB High Level Panel recommendations  Skills development as a key priority area  HEST Strategy  Centres of Excellence  Infrastructure  Linkages with Productive Sectors  Studies in Skills Mapping  Building the Knowledge Base of the Institution

18. 18 I Thank you !!! I Thank you !!! s.tapsoba@afdb.org