1. 29 December 2015 DRAFT
Operational Intelligence Preparation of the Environment (OIPE) Briefing
Isla del Sol
Tempest Express 26 Operational Intelligence Preparation of the Environment (OIPE) Brief: Isla del Sol.
2-10 April 2015

2. Agenda What is OIPE? OIPE for the Isla del Sol: Geography;
Weather, Threats and Hazards;
Political, Military, Economic, Social, Information, Infrastructure, Physical and Time (PMESII-PT);
Actor and Stakeholder Analysis;
Troop Contributing Country Military Resources;
Humanitarian Situation.
Agenda, as on slide.

3. What is OIPE?
OIPE: A continuous activity that assists Commander’s Appreciation Process during all phases of planning and execution of multinational operations.
OIPE provides foundation for Commander’s Situational Assessment
A key CTF planning principle is: “Before any problem solutions can be identified the problem must first be clearly understood.
Understanding the problem(s) preventing attainment of the assigned military end states is essential for the CCTF to accurately understand the situation.
OIPE is a modification of the Joint Intelligence Preparation of the Operational Environment (JIPOE) which includes:
Baseline analysis of the traditional intelligence concerns of enemy, weather, terrain;
Added considerations that political, military, economic, social, infrastructure, and information dynamics have on the operational environment.
What is Operational Intelligence Preparation of the Environment – OIPE:
A continuous activity that assists Commander’s Appreciation Process during all phases of planning and execution of multinational operations.
OIPE provides foundation for Commander’s Situational Assessment
A key multinational planning principle is: “Before any problem solutions can be identified the problem must first be clearly understood.
Understanding the problem(s) preventing attainment of the assigned military end states is essential for the CMNF to accurately understand the situation.
OIPE is a modification of the Joint Intelligence Preparation of the Operational Environment (JIPOE) which includes:
Baseline analysis of the traditional intelligence concerns of enemy, weather, terrain;
Added considerations that political, military, economic, social, infrastructure, and information dynamics have on the operational environment.

4. This briefing will provide an overview of the OIPE for this workshop.
A complete OIPE study is located in digital form on each laptop in your planning groups.
This briefing will provide an overview of the OIPE for this workshop.
A complete OIPE study is located in digital form on each laptop in your planning groups.

5. Isla del Sol 2° S 4° S 6° S 8° S 168° E 170° E 172° E
Isla del Sol – “IDS”
6° S
8° S
168° E
170° E
172° E

6. IDS within the Region
IDS is located in the South Pacific between 2° and 8° S, and 167° and 173° E.

7. IDS within the Region IDS’s closest neighbors are: Nauru to the north
Kiribati Gilbert Islands to the NE
Tuvalu to the east
Fiji to the SE
Solomon Islands’ Santa Cruz Islands to the south
Solomon Islands to the west.

8. IDS Geography & Demographics
Island nation running northwest to southeast.
Mountain spine runs entire length of island;
Sea level to 1,500 m mountain peaks;
Land area:
~ 140,000 km2
(~ 54,054 sq mi)
Slightly smaller than Nepal and Tajikistan.
Population: 320,000 (2011 census)
54% urban & small towns (over 5,000 persons);
Largest town: Ensenada at 63,192.
46% small towns and rural.
Geography
Generally, coastal plans with mountainous spine running from northwest to southeast.
Land area approx. 140,000 sq km
Slightly smaller than Nepal.
Demographics
Population 320,000 based on 2011 census.
54% urban / 46% rural.
Largest city – Ensenada at 63,192 persons;
Capital – Santa Rosalia at 42,408 persons.

9. IDS Weather, Threats and Hazards
Semi-arid to desert.
Mostly desert (≤ 30 cm of rainfall).
Semi-arid in southeast plain.
Temperatures
Average 20° to 31° C (68°to 88° F).
Cooler in higher elevations.
Little seasonal variation.
Hazards
Cyclones from January to April.
Flash flooding and landslides.
Tsunami exposure in low-lying areas.
Weather
Mostly desert; semi-arid in the southwest plain.
Temperate climate
Temperatures degrees C
Cooler in higher elevations
Little seasonal variation
Threats and hazards:
Typhoons;
Flash floods and landslides with heavy rains
Tsunami exposure in low-lying areas.

10. IDS PMESII-PT Political: Parliamentary republic.
Capital: Santa Rosalia
3 administrative districts
Executive Branch
Prime Minister Carlos Manuel de Céspedes del Castillo
12 Cabinet Ministers
Legislative Branch
Unicameral parliament – National Constituent Assembly
120 Assemblymen
4-year terms.
Judiciary:
Highest court: Tribunal Supremo
Provincial courts: Audiencia Provincial
Municipal courts: Tribunal Municipal
Isla del Sol gained independence from former colonial ruler Iberia 24 March 2014 through a UN-brokered referendum.
Political
Isla del Sol gained independence from Iberia 24 March 2014
UN-brokered referendum
Parliamentary republic
Prime Minister Carlos Manuel de Céspedes del Castillo
12 Cabinet Ministries
Unicameral parliament – National Constituent Assembly
120 Assemblymen elected to 4 year terms.
3-level judiciary
Tribunal Supremo
Audiencia Provincial
Tribunal Municipal

11. IDS PMESII-PT Military Military: None Security Forces: Gendarmerie
Guardia Civil
Island-wide jurisdiction
Divided into 3 Legions
1,500 Officers and enlisted personnel
Guardia Municipal
Metropolitan police for Ensenada and Santa Rosalia
210 police officers
Coast Guard
Servicio Guardacostas
130 Officers and enlisted personnel
6 Zhuk-class patrol boats
2 Fokker F-27 maritime surveillance aircraft.
Military:
No standing military
Security Forces
Guardia Civil
Island-wide gendarmerie
1,500 officers and enlisted personnel in 3 Legions
Guardia Municipal
Metropolitan police for Ensenada and Santa Rosalia
210 police officers
Servicio Guardacostas
130-man Coast Guard
6 Zhuk-class patrol boats
2 maritime surveillance aircraft

12. IDS PMESII-PT Economic:
Underdeveloped agriculture and fishing economy:
33% ranching / herding / subsistence agriculture;
24% fishing;
19% commerce;
13% services.
Potential for economic growth with foreign investment in oil exploration and palm oil farming.
Inequitable distribution of income and wealth.
Annual gross national product: US$ 400 million.
Annual per capita income: US$1,250.
Economic
Underdeveloped agriculture and fishing economy
Potential for economic growth with recent oil and palm oil foreign investment
Inequitable distribution of wealth within population
GNP US$ 400 million
Annual per capita: US$ 1,250.

13. IDS PMESII-PT Social: Population: 320,00 (2011 census) Age structure:
0-14 yrs. 35.3%
15-24 yrs. 21%
25-64 yrs. 40.1%
65+ yrs. 3.6%
Ethnic identity:
Mestizo 29%
Mohanjerani 25%
Lahui Kanaka 24%
Mixed 21%
Other < 1%
Religious affiliation:
Christianity
(Roman Catholic) 43%
Islam 41%
Lahui Kanaka 15%
Other < 1%
Language (primary):
Spanish* 37%
Western Arabic 32%
Lahui Kanaka 31%
* Spanish is the official language and lingua franca of commerce. Most Isla del Sol citizens speak conversational Spanish.
Social:
Population” 320,000 (2011 census)
Age structure: 35.3% of population less than 15 yrs..
Ethnicity:
Mestizo (Descendants of intermarriage between Iberian colonists and indigenous population) 29%
Mohanjerani (Descendants from Iberian African colonies) 25%
Lahui Kanaka (Indigenous population) 24%
Mixed (from at least 2 ethnic groups) 21%
Other (primarily Iberian officials) less than 1%
Religion
Roman Catholicism 43%
Islam 41%
Lahui Kanaka 15%
Other < 1%
Primary language:
Spanish 37%
Spanish is the official language and common language of commerce. Most Isla del Sol citizens speak conversational Spanish.
Western Arabic n32%
Lahui Kanaka 31%

14. IDS PMESII-PT Information Literacy rate: ~ 50%;
65% of population with < 5 years of formal education.
Television:
1 state-owned station with national coverage;
Multi-channel pay TV available.
Radio:
2 state-owned radio stations;
2 privately owned radio stations;
Multiple international broadcasters available.
Telephones:
Main lines in use: 25,400
Mobile phones in use: 164,200
Internet: 36,000 internet users.
Newspapers: 2 large-circulation newspapers
Information:
Literacy rate approximately 50%: higher in urban areas, lower in rural areas.
65% of population has had less than 5 years of formal education.
Television:
1 state-owned station in Santa Rosalia with national coverage.
Multi-channel, pay TV available.
Radio:
2 state-owned stations: One in Santa Rosalia and the other in Ensenada
2 privately owned stations: One in Santa Rosalia and the other in Ensenada
Multiple international broadcasts are available.
Telephones:
Main line: per 1,000 persons
Mobile phones: per 1,000 persons
Internet: 11% of population
Newspapers: Two: One in Santa Rosalia and the other in Ensenada.

15. IDS PMESII-PT Infrastructure: Airports – 5
Bahai Tortugas, Ensenada, San Felipe and Santa Rosalia (Palo Verde) are paved.
San Ignacio is unpaved.
Seaports – 3: Ensenada, San Felipe and Santa Rosalia
Territorial Sea = 12 nm
Contiguous Zone = 24 nm
Exclusive Economic Zone 200nm
Roadways:
Highway 1
Runs length of island on the western side, then to San Felipe on the east.
Paved.
4-lanes by metropolitan areas, 2-lanes in rural areas.
Good condition.
Secondary Roads
Cities:
Mixture of paved and unpaved
Usually 2-lanes
Good to fair condition, better in larger cities.
Rural areas:
Usually unpaved
2 lanes near towns, 1 lane in remote areas.
Fair condition near towns, poor in remote areas.

16. IDS PMESII-PT Physical Time
Generally poor infrastructure, especially in rural areas.
Distances from Santa Rosalia to (in km):
Australia, Sydney 3,699.9
Fiji, Suva 1,462.7
Japan, Tokyo 5,778.6
Malaysia, KL
New Caledonia, Noumea 2,896.1
New Zealand, Auckland 3,369.5
Solomon Islands, Honiara 1,369.4
Thailand, Bangkok 8,193.3
Tuvalu, Funafuti 828.9
USA, Honolulu, HI 4,527.5
+11 hrs. from UTC
(Same as New Caledonia)
Physical
Generally poor infrastructure, especially outside urban areas.
Distances from Santa Rosalia to neighboring countries and major air centers.
Time
+11 hrs. from UTC
Same as New Caledonia.

17. Major Actors in IDS Government of Isla del Sol: Guardia Civil;
Guardia Municipal;
Servicio de Guardacostas.
Armed Terrorist / Insurgent Groups:
Sons of Isla del Sol (SIS);
Kamali’I ka Me’e Lahui Kanaka (“Children of Lahui Kanaka Heros” – KMLK);
International Peoples’ Movement (IPM).
Organized Crime Families:
Mohajerani Criminal Gangs (MCG);
Lahui Kanaka Criminal Gangs (LKCG).
Major actors:
Government of Isla del Sol and its Security Forces
Armed Terrorist and/or Insurgent groups:
SIS – Main insurgent group seeking to overthrow the government.
Attacks on foreign workers
Engages in piracy
KMLK –
Lahui Kanaka nationalist group
Smaller and less active
Arms smuggler, especially to SIS
IPM
International terrorist group
Supports SIS operations.
Organized Crime Families:
MCG
Mohajerani criminal group
2 main families
Criminal activities including trafficking in persons and piracy
No political agenda
LKCG
Lahui Kanaka criminal group
Small, less organized criminal family
Members often also members of KMLK
IDPs
Internally displaced IDS citizens
Displacement due to conflict and 2 typhoons.
Estimated 100,000+ IDS civilians displaced
Approx. 90,000 in 3 IDP camps in San Felipe

18. Major Actors in IDS Gendarmerie and Servicio de Guardacostas
Guardia Municipal
Guardia Civil
(by Legion)
Servicio de Guardacostas
Legion 3
Guardia Municipal in Ensenada and Santa Rosalia.
Guardia Civil shown by Legion.
Servicio de Guardacostas bases.
Air operations out of Ensenada.

19. Major Actors in IDS SIS Area of Influence and Piracy Operations
Ensenada
SIS Area of Influence
SIS Piracy Operations
Servicio de Guardacostas bases
San Felipe
Location of SIS area of influence and piracy operations.
Overlay of IDS Servicio Guardacostas bases.
Santa
Rosalia

20. Major Actors in IDS (cont.)
IDS displaced persons:
All IDPs 100,000+
IDPs in
San Felipe camps ~90,000
United Nations Support Mission in Isla del Sol (UNSMI)
Humanitarian and Development communities:
UN humanitarian agencies, funds & programmes;
International organizations;
Red Cross societies;
Non-Governmental Organizations: “IDS CAA”.
Foreign Workers:
Major employers:
Petroliam Nasional Berhad (PETRONAS)
Shell Oil Company (USA)
Sime Darby Berhad
Largest number of foreign workers
Malaysia 9,500
USA 1,250
Major actors (cont.):
Internally Displaced Persons
Over 100,000 in IDS
Approximately 90,000 in 3 IDP camps in San Felipe
UNMSI
UN Political Department mission
No Peacekeeping forces
Mandated to help IDS achieve independence and establish a government
Humanitarian and Development Community
Development community assisting IDS in progressing from colonial dominion to independent nation.
Works closely with UNSMI and IDS government on economic development and good governance projects .
Humanitarian community
Smaller, humanitarian operations
Primary focus is assisting IDS government in care and protection of IDPs, especially in the San Felipe camps.
NGOs formed a cooperative council: IDS Council of Aid Agencies
Foreign workers
9,500 Malaysian workers, working primarily for PETRONAS oil exploration and Sime Darby palm oil plantations.
1,250 USA workers, working primarily for Shell Oil Co. in oil exploration.

21. Major Actors in IDS UNSMI and IDP Camp Locations
FO Ensenada
HQ Santa Rosalia
Field Offices:
Ensenada
Guerro Negro
Loreto
San Felipe
Santa Catarina
San Felipe IDP camps X 3
FO San Felipe
San Felipe IDP camps
FO Santa Catarina
Location of UNMSI HQ in Santa Rosalia and Field Offices.
Most Humanitarian and development agencies located in or near same locations.
Location of San Felipe IDP camps.
FO Guerro Negro
HQ Santa Rosalia
FO Loreto

22. Major Actors in IDS Locations of Foreign Economic Interests
Ensenada
PETRONAS / Shell Oil Sites
Sime Darby palm oil plantations
Airports
Seaports
Highway 1 1
San Felipe 1
Major actors:
Locations of PETRONAS and Shell Oil sites, and Sime Darby palm oil plantations in relation to airports, seaports and Highway 1. 1
Bahia Tortugas 1
San
Ignacio
Santa
Rosalia 1

23. Major Actors in IDS Locations of Foreign Economic Interests & SIS Areas of Influence and Piracy Operations
Ensenada
Airports
Seaports
Highway 1
PETRONAS / Shell Oil Sites
Sime Darby palm oil plantations
SIS Area of Influence
SIS Piracy Operations 1 1
San Felipe 1
Major actors:
Overlay of SIS areas of influence and operations vis-à-vis foreign economic interests.
Bahia Tortugas 1
San
Ignacio
Santa
Rosalia 1

24. Isla del Sol Non-Combatant Evacuation Operation
Mission: Evacuation of 1,916 foreign civilians from Isla del Sol.
French-led Non-combatant Evacuation Operation in IDS, mixed nations, mixed services.
NEO Forces for planning: MPAT Nations, mixed services
NEO Forces Staging Area: Nouméa, New Caledonia
French government offers Nouméa as staging and destination point.
IDS government consents to operation; anticipate SIS attempts to disrupt operation and / or target evacuees.
Evacuees: Foreign non-essential diplomatic personnel and families, foreign aid workers and foreign workers.
Mission: Evacuation of approximately foreign civilians from Isla del Sol.
French-led Non-combatant Evacuation Operation in IDS, mixed nations, mixed services.
NEO Forces for planning: MPAT Nations, mixed services
NEO Forces Staging Area: Nouméa, New Caledonia
French government offers Nouméa as staging and destination point.
IDS government consents to operation; anticipate SIS attempts to disrupt operation and / or target evacuees.
Evacuees: Foreign non-essential diplomatic personnel and families, foreign aid workers and foreign workers.

25. Isla del Sol Non-Combatant Evacuation Operation (cont.)
Concentrations of evacuees:
Northern District: Ensenada, San Felipe, Northern GOPLATs
Central District: Santa Catarina, Guerro Negro, El Barril
Southern District: Bahia Tortugas, San Ignacio, Santa Rosalia, Southern GOPLATs, Loreto.
Destinations: Directly to home country or to Nouméa, New Caledonia, for commercial transport home.
Violence in Northern District, instability in Central and Southern Districts, piracy offshore.
Execute mission NLT 1 May 2015
Concentrations of evacuees:
Northern District: Ensenada, San Felipe, Northern GOPLATs
Central District: Santa Catarina, Guerro Negro, El Barril
Southern District: Bahia Tortugas, San Ignacio, Santa Rosalia, Southern GOPLATs, Loreto.
Destinations: Directly to home country or to Nouméa, New Caledonia, for commercial transport home.
Violence in Northern District, instability in Central and Southern Districts, piracy offshore.
Execute mission NLT 1 May 2015

26. Isla del Sol Non-Combatant Evacuation Operation
Airports
Seaports
Highway 1
PETRONAS / Shell Oil Sites
Sime Darby palm oil plantations
UN & Humanitarian Operations
Diplomatic missions
SIS Area of Influence & Piracy
Ensenada 1 1
San Felipe 1
Locations of foreign diplomatic missions in Santa Rosalia, foreign aid workers and foreign workers, overlay of SIS areas of influence and operations.
Bahia Tortugas 1
Santa
Rosalia
San
Ignacio
Santa
Rosalia 1

27. Assets Available for Planning Non-combatant Evacuation Operation
TBD
TBD
TBD
List of assets available for planning for the non-combatant evacuation operation:

28. Isla del Sol Stability Operation
Mission: In support of Govt. of IDS, assist in providing security, countering terrorism and protection of civilians.
At request of Govt. of IDS and in accordance with UNSCR 2275 and 2282 (2015).
Area to be secured: Isla del Sol.
French-led stability operation in IDS, mixed nations, mixed services.
Stability Operations Forces for planning: MPAT Nations, mixed services.
Stability Operations Forces staging area: Nouméa, New Caledonia.
French government offers Nouméa as planning and staging area.
Participating nations to transport troops to staging area.
Anticipate SIS and MCG opposition.
Execute mission NLT 11 May 2015
Handover to IDS Security Forces by 11 July 2015, full transition of operations by 21 August 2015.
Requests for Forces allowed once approved by MPAT Secretariat.
Mission: In support of Govt. of IDS, assist in providing security, countering terrorism and protection of civilians.
At request of Govt. of IDS and in accordance with UNSCR 2275 and 2282 (2015).
Area to be secured: Isla del Sol.
French-led stability operation in IDS, mixed nations, mixed services.
Stability Operations Forces for planning: MPAT Nations, mixed services.
Stability Operations Forces staging area: Nouméa, New Caledonia.
French government offers Nouméa as planning and staging area.
Participating nations to transport troops to staging area.
Anticipate SIS and MCG opposition.
Execute mission NLT 11 May 2015
Handover to IDS Security Forces by 11 July 2015, full transition of operations by 21 August 2015.
Requests for Forces allowed once approved by MPAT Secretariat.

29. Locations of Security Incidents As of 31 March 2015
Ensenada
SIS Area of Influence
SIS Piracy Operations
Airports
Seaports
Highway 1
PETRONAS / Shell Oil Sites
Sime Darby palm oil plantations 1
San Felipe 1
Locations of security incidents as of 31 March 2015, with overlay of foreign economic assets and infrastructure. 1
Bahia Tortugas 1
San
Ignacio
Santa
Rosalia 1

30. Assets Available for Planning Stability Operation
TBD
TBD
TBD
List of assets available for stability operations planning:

31. Isla del Sol Maritime Security Operation
Mission: In support of Govt. of IDS, assist in countering acts of piracy, providing security and protection of civilians in waters off IDS.
At request of Govt. of IDS and in accordance with UNSCR 2275 and 2282 (2015).
Area to be secured: Waters surrounding Isla del Sol.
French-led Maritime Security operation, mixed nations, mixed services.
Maritime Security Forces for planning: MPAT Nations, mixed services.
Maritime Security Forces staging area: Nouméa, New Caledonia.
French government offers Nouméa as planning and staging area.
Participating nations to transport assets to staging area.
Anticipate SIS and MCG opposition.
Execute mission NLT 16 May 2015
Handover to IDS Servicio de Guardacostas by 16 July 2015, full transition of operations by 21 August 2015.
Requests for Forces allowed once approved by MPAT Secretariat.
Mission: In support of Govt. of IDS, assist in countering acts of piracy, providing security and protection of civilians in waters off IDS.
At request of Govt. of IDS and in accordance with UNSCR 2275 and 2282 (2015).
Area to be secured: Waters surrounding Isla del Sol.
French-led Maritime Security operation, mixed nations, mixed services.
Maritime Security Forces for planning: MPAT Nations, mixed services.
Maritime Security Forces staging area: Nouméa, New Caledonia.
French government offers Nouméa as planning and staging area.
Participating nations to transport assets to staging area.
Anticipate SIS and MCG opposition.
Execute mission NLT 16 May 2015
Handover to IDS Servicio de Guardacostas by 16 July 2015, full transition of operations by 21 August 2015.
Requests for Forces allowed once approved by MPAT Secretariat.

32. Locations of Security Incidents – As of 31 March 2015
Ensenada
SIS Area of Influence
SIS Piracy Operations
Airports
Seaports
Servicio de Guardcostas bases
PETRONAS / Shell Oil Sites 1
San Felipe 1
Locations of maritime security incidents and SIS area of influence, overlay of infrastructure and Servicio de Guardacostas bases.
Bahia Tortugas 1
San
Ignacio
Santa
Rosalia 1

33. Assets Available for Planning Maritime Security Operation
TBD
TBD
TBD
Assets available for maritime security operation.

34. IDS OIPE Brief – Questions?