1. PREPOSITIONS A preposition is a word used to show the __________ of a noun or pronoun to some other word in the sentence. relationship Notice how a change in the preposition changes the relationship between the package and the tree in each of the following sentences. The package _____ the tree is mine. The package __ the tree is mine. The package ____ the tree is mine. under in near Prepositions often indicate ________ (up, down, across, through, etc.) direction

2. PREPOSITIONS A prepositions introduces the prepositional phrase, which must have a _____ or ________ following it to be the object. There may be modifiers in the phrase between the preposition and the object. (This is the order a prepositional phrase must be in: preposition [adjectives] noun/pronoun.) nounpronoun If words that are normally prepositions are not followed by nouns or pronouns to be their objects, they automatically become adverbs. Ex: He walked down the road. He sat down.

3. PREPOSITIONS Prepositional phrases are either adjective or adverbial phrases, (meaning they describe nouns or verbs). Ex: The girl from China has arrived. (It answers which girl has arrived.) The plane circled above our heads. (It answers where the plane circled.) If the prepositional phrase starts the sentence or follows right after the verb, it WILL be adverbial. If the prepositional phrase follows a noun or pronoun, it could be adjective.

4. PREPOSITIONS COMMONLY USED PREPOSITIONS aboardbeneathinsidethrough aboutbesideintothroughout abovebetweenliketo acrossbeyondneartoward afterbutofunder againstbyoffunderneath alongconcerningonuntil amiddownontounto amongduringoverup aroundexceptoutupon atforoutsidewith beforefrompastwithin behindinsincewithout below

5. PREPOSITIONS COMPOUND PREPOSITIONS because ofaccording to in order toin spite ofon account of instead ofnext toout of AVOID off ofEx: I fell off the horse. NOT I fell off of the horse.