1. Welcome to Research Methods LDSP 389 Dr. Crystal Hoyt

3. Course Information Office hours T & R 11:30am-12:30pm Office location Jepson Hall, room 132 And by appointment Course Website: http://www.richmond.edu/~choyt/

4. Required Reading Methods in Behavioral Research (8 th ed) Author: Paul Cozby Publisher: Mayfield Publishing Company

5. Course Requirements Class Participation Assignments: Late Assignments: Research Proposal: Examinations: There will be three exams: two midterms and one final. Makeup Exams

6. Course Grading Class participation 5% Assignments 30% Exams (Mid: 20%, Final: 25%) 65%

7. Other Information Honor Code Students with Disabilities Words of Encouragement Academic Skills Center Counseling & Psychological Services (CAPS)

8. Getting to Know Each Other

9. Culture of Honor Crime Statistics for Northern and Southern United States More homicides in the South Southern and Northern States Comparable in Crime- Related Homicides More Argument-Related Homicides in Southern States (honor, face issues) Due to historical events, Southerners developed "culture of honor“ Insults diminish a man's reputation and he tries to restore his status by aggressive or violent behavior.

10. Non-Experimental Evidence Archival Research: The Analysis of Laws Less restrictive gun control laws in the south and west Less restrictive self-defense laws in the south and west Fewer laws for mandatory arrest for domestic or child abuse in the south Corporal punishment in schools banned less in the South Attitudes Toward Violence Southerners and Northerners endorse violence in general at the same level But Southerners endorse defending family and property and corporal punishment more than Northerners

11. Experimental Evidence Experiments: U of M students who grew up in the North or South. Insulted by a confederate Bumped into the participant and called him an "a**hole.“ Compared with northerners, southerners were (a) more likely to think their masculine reputation was threatened (b) more upset (as shown by a rise in cortisol levels) (c) more physiologically primed for aggression (as shown by a rise in testosterone levels) (d) more cognitively primed for aggression (e) more likely to engage in aggressive and dominant behavior.

12. Split Brain Research §How does the brain affect behavior? §What is each area of the brain responsible for? §Each hemisphere §Split brain patients §Corpus callosum

13. Split Brain Research

14. KEYRING* What did you see? Normals: “KEYRING” Split brains: “RING” Reach out with your left hand and touch the object that was projected on the screen Touch: KEY Name the object you touched: “RING".

15. Split Brain Research If an image is projected to the right visual field (i.e., to the left hemisphere) patients can describe what they see. LEFT BRAIN : VERBAL But when the same image is displayed in the left visual field (i.e., to the right hemisphere), the patient cannot describe what they see. But if the patient is asked to point to an object similar to the object being projected, they do so with ease. RIGHT BRAIN: NONVERBAL

16. Stroop Interference Effect Well-learned habits often interfere with the production of competing responses Like moving to a culture that nods heads up and down to mean no and moves head side to side to mean yes. Stroop used the fact that reading is such a well-learned behavior to demonstrate this

17. Colors RED GREEN BLUE PURPLE BROWN

18. 1.9.17. 2.10.18. 3.11.19. 4.12.20. 5.13. 6.14. 7.15. 8.16.

19. 1. RED9. BLUE17. GREEN 2. PURPLE10. RED18. PURPLE 3. GREEN11. BLUE19. BLUE 4. BLUE12. PURPLE20. RED 5. BROWN13. BROWN 6. GREEN14. RED 7. PURPLE15. GREEN 8. BROWN16. BROWN

20. Creating Meaning I cdnuolt blveiee taht I cluod aulaclty uesdnatnrd waht I was rdgnieg The phaonmneal pweor of the hmuan mnid Aoccdrnig to a rscheearch at Cmabrigde Uinervtisy, it deosn't mttaer inwaht oredr the ltteers in a wrod are, the olny iprmoatnt tihng is taht the frist and lsat ltteer be in the rghit pclae. The rset can be a taotl mses and you can sitll raed it wouthit a porbelm. Tihs is bcuseae the huamn mnid deos not raed ervey lteter by istlef, but the wrod as a wlohe. Amzanig huh? yaeh and I awlyas thought slpeling was ipmorantt!