1. 1 Pg 120 INDUSTRIAL PSYCHOLOGY A scientific study of human behaviour in the production, distribution and use of goods and services in society. Leads to problem solving. A scientific study of human behaviour in the production, distribution and use of goods and services in society. Leads to problem solving. Industrial Psychology aims to provide explanations, guidelines for the prediction and control of human behaviour. Industrial Psychology aims to provide explanations, guidelines for the prediction and control of human behaviour.

2. 2 FIELDS OF INDUSTRIAL PSYCHOLOGY 1. Personnel psychology- human resource 1. Personnel psychology- human resource Provision,selection,evaluation,training, remuneration of staff. Provision,selection,evaluation,training, remuneration of staff. 2. Management and Organizational Psychology 2. Management and Organizational Psychology Motivation, human relations and leadership. Motivation, human relations and leadership.

3. 3 FIELDS OF INDUSTRIAL PSYCHOLOGY 3. ERGONOMICS- engineering psychology.Best match between man, machinery and environment ensuring optimal safety and efficiency and maintenance. 3. ERGONOMICS- engineering psychology.Best match between man, machinery and environment ensuring optimal safety and efficiency and maintenance. 4. CONSUMER PSYCHOLOGY 4. CONSUMER PSYCHOLOGY Studies consumers and predicts consumer behaviour. Studies consumers and predicts consumer behaviour.

4. 4 FIELDS OF INDUSTRIAL PSYCHOLOGY 5. CAREER PSYCHOLOGY- human development from choice to retirement. 5. CAREER PSYCHOLOGY- human development from choice to retirement. 6. INDUSTRIAL MENTAL HEALTH-Study of the influence of the environment on staff. 6. INDUSTRIAL MENTAL HEALTH-Study of the influence of the environment on staff.

5. 5 IND PSY. AS A PROFESSION 1. Professional function is governed by law. 1. Professional function is governed by law. 2.They identify analyse, solve problems. 2.They identify analyse, solve problems.

6. 6 Pg 123 GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF HUMAN BEHAVIOUR 3 ways to learn: 3 ways to learn: 1. IMITATION= copy 1. IMITATION= copy 2. HABITUATION- habit formed through repetition. 2. HABITUATION- habit formed through repetition. 3. TRIAL AND ERROR- chance; discovery 3. TRIAL AND ERROR- chance; discovery

7. 7 MASLOWS HIERARCHY OF NEEDS HIGHER ORDER NEEDS SELF ACTUALIZING NEEDS IMP JOB HIGH QUALIF EGO[STATUS} LARGE HOME; CAR LOWER ORDER NEEDS SOCIALFRIENDS SECURITYHOUSE PHYSIOLOGICAL- BODILY FOOD AND CLOTHES

8. 8 EXPECTANCY THEORY VALENCY = what you value VALENCY = what you value INSTRUMENTALITY = action to get what u want INSTRUMENTALITY = action to get what u want EXPECTANCY = what you expect in the end EXPECTANCY = what you expect in the end

9. 9 ABILITY ABILITY Motivation alone is not enough. Motivation alone is not enough. A person must also have the ability. A person must also have the ability. Motivation + ability = performance. Motivation + ability = performance.

10. 10 Pg 129 INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES [6] 1. Difference in peoples performance. 1. Difference in peoples performance. 2.Difference in peoples talents and abilities. 2.Difference in peoples talents and abilities. 3. People attach different levels of importance to internal job rewards. 3. People attach different levels of importance to internal job rewards.

11. 11 Pg 129 INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES [6] 4.People prefer different leadership or management style. 4.People prefer different leadership or management style. 5. People differ in their needs for contact with others 5. People differ in their needs for contact with others 6.People differ in their loyalty and commitment to organizations. 6.People differ in their loyalty and commitment to organizations.

12. 12 SPECIAL APTITUDES 1. Mechanical ability. 1. Mechanical ability. 2. Psychomotor ability[ head and hand ] 2. Psychomotor ability[ head and hand ] 3. Visual skills 3. Visual skills 4. Clerical skills 4. Clerical skills

13. 13 Pg. 131 DEALING WITH INDIVIDUALS Example of an objective: Example of an objective: I want to pass inm102-4 this semester. I want to pass inm102-4 this semester. An objective must meet 5 requirements: An objective must meet 5 requirements: It must be measurable. It must be measurable. It must have a time span. It must have a time span. It must be challenging. It must be challenging. It must have focus. Focus on the right things. It must have focus. Focus on the right things. It must be attainable It must be attainable

14. 14 ADVANTAGES OF OBJECTIVES 1. Lead to better performance. 1. Lead to better performance. 2. Personally satisfying. 2. Personally satisfying. 3. Buids or enhances confidence. 3. Buids or enhances confidence. 4. Gives direction. 4. Gives direction.

15. 15 CONTROL 1. SELF CHECKING ! 1. SELF CHECKING ! 2.Control things that have the most forceful impact. 2.Control things that have the most forceful impact. 3. Control work points. 3. Control work points. 4.Communicate 4.Communicate

16. 16 Pg 135 Interpersonal Relations in the Workplace 5.1 PROMOTING GOOD RELATIONS 5.1 PROMOTING GOOD RELATIONS 1. Clarify expectations. 1. Clarify expectations. 2. Establish a relationship of trust. 2. Establish a relationship of trust. –Be available –Be predictable –Be loyal 3. Give help and support. 4. Respect the manager’s authority. 5. Solve problems together.

17. 17 5.2 Dealing with problem cases. 1. Do not break self esteem. 1. Do not break self esteem. 2. Don’t attack the person; attack the problem. 2. Don’t attack the person; attack the problem. 3. Don’t simply assume that an offence has been committed. 3. Don’t simply assume that an offence has been committed. 4. Encourage the person to express an opinion or make a suggestion 4. Encourage the person to express an opinion or make a suggestion

18. 18 5.2 Dealing with problem cases. 5. Allow the person sufficient time. 5. Allow the person sufficient time. 6. If possible and necessary, offer help. 6. If possible and necessary, offer help. 7. Make sure that an appropriate plan of action is devised. 7. Make sure that an appropriate plan of action is devised. 8.Set a definite follow up date. 8.Set a definite follow up date.

19. 19 PG 143 GROUPS 6.1 Why groups form? 6.1 Why groups form? 1. Pool of knowledge is greater. 1. Pool of knowledge is greater. 2. Approach to problem is more comprehensive. 2. Approach to problem is more comprehensive. 3. There is greater acceptance of solutions… 3. There is greater acceptance of solutions… 4. Conceptualization of problem is improved. 4. Conceptualization of problem is improved.

20. 20 6.2 Mature Teams 1. Free communication and ; members make suggestions. 1. Free communication and ; members make suggestions. 2.Communicationn diffused rather than centralized. 2.Communicationn diffused rather than centralized. 3.Difference of opinion aired. 3.Difference of opinion aired. Conflict managed openly. Conflict managed openly. 4.Informal leadership does not threaten formal leadership. 4.Informal leadership does not threaten formal leadership. 5. Group members do not gossip about each other. 5. Group members do not gossip about each other.

21. 21 5 STAGES IN GROUP FORMATION 1.FORMING – insecurity 1.FORMING – insecurity 2. STORMING – conflict 2. STORMING – conflict 3. NORMING – cohesion/unity/agreement 3. NORMING – cohesion/unity/agreement 4. PERFORMING – doing as per agreement 4. PERFORMING – doing as per agreement 5. DEFERRMENT – breaking up till next time 5. DEFERRMENT – breaking up till next time

22. 22 6.3 QUALITIES OF A REALLY GOOD GROUP 1. Takes carefully thought out decisions. 1. Takes carefully thought out decisions. 2. Individuals feel that they can reach their objective because of group support. 2. Individuals feel that they can reach their objective because of group support. 3. All members feel free to contribute. 3. All members feel free to contribute. 4. Individual knowledge is shared. 4. Individual knowledge is shared. 5. Differences are approached constructively. 5. Differences are approached constructively. 6. Clear decisions are taken. 6. Clear decisions are taken.

23. 23 6.4 TYPES OF LEADERS 1. Administrative 1. Administrative 2.Bureaucratic 2.Bureaucratic 3.Experts 3.Experts 4. Ideologues 4. Ideologues 5.Charismatic leaders. 5.Charismatic leaders. 6. Symbolic leaders 6. Symbolic leaders

24. 24 LEADERSHIP STYLES 1. AUTOCRATIC – “dictator” 1. AUTOCRATIC – “dictator” 2. DEMOCRATIC – allows group contribution-helps. 2. DEMOCRATIC – allows group contribution-helps. 3. LAISSEZ-FAIRE – complete freedom 3. LAISSEZ-FAIRE – complete freedom

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