1. Enteritis The importance of hand washing in lesser developed countries.

2. Statistics  2 nd most common cause of death in children under 5  2.5 billion cases of diarrhea in children under 5 yearly around the world  42-47% decrease when hand washing is introduced into communities  1.6 million deaths per year  Hand washing could prevent an estimated 1 million deaths per year from diarrheal diseases  Can also stop the spread of disease-causing germs such as typhoid and cholera, by removing bacteria, parasites, and viruses from the hands. (UNICEF, 2009)

3. Lesson Overview  Collect information using a survey to understand their perceptions  Teach parents about sanitary methods  Mini lesson for kids involving the spread of germs and hand washing

4. Lesson Goals  Teach the importance of keeping hands germ free  Informing how germs are spread  Teaching the correct method to washing hands  Teach parents what to do following an episode

5. Lesson Break Down  Prevention Breast feeding Mother should wash her hands Child should wash his or her hands Boil the water and keep it covered Chlorinated Water Keep the house clean Wash fruits and vegetables Wash the utensils Wash hands before eating Wash hands after eating Wash hands before breast feeding

6. Break Down Cont.  Causes  Host of bacterial and viral and parasitic organisms which can be spread by contaminated water  More common when there’s a shortage of clean water for basic drinking cooking and cleaning  Food  Personal hygiene

7. Break Down Cont.  Treatment  Oral Rehydration Therapy: Suero  This rehydrates your body by providing the supplements of salt and sugar. It will not prevent the diarrhea or make it go away but it will help restore fluids in the body.  Zinc tablets:  Zinc helps fight infection and improves the health of your body.  Vitamin A:  Vitamin A helps fight infection and improves the health your body  Continue eating foods and drinking fluids:  Prevents malnutrition and restores the bodies health  Continue breast feeding:  This helps fight infection in the body

8. Explanation of Objectives  Food Safety Practices  prevent food borne pathogens from causing illness  keep people healthy  Reducing Infections  lower cost of healthcare  minimize incidence of people getting sick and/or dying

9. Healthy People 2020 Objectives  Reduce infections caused by key pathogens transmitted commonly through food  Reduce infections caused by Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) O157 transmitted commonly through food

10. Healthy People 2020 Objectives cont.  Increase the proportion of consumers who follow key food safety practices  Increase the proportion of consumers who follow the key food safety practice of “clean: wash hands and surfaces often”  Increase the proportion of consumers who follow the key food safety practice of “Cook: cook to proper temperatures”

11. Materials  Flour  Brochures  Hand Sanitizer bottles  UV light; Glow germs  Posters  Survey

12. Lesson Procedure/ Activities  5-10 minute talk before appointment  Begin by giving the survey  Ask 3 questions to parents gauge level of knowledge  Read poster board/ brochure to parents  Give lesson to little kids with flour about washing and show them germs under light (also with posterboard and hand sanitizer bottles) *if time permits  Ask 3 questions at the end to see if teaching was effective

13. Evaluation  What can you do to prevent your children from getting diarrhea?  Qué se puede hacer para evitar que sus hijos contraigan diarrea?  What do you think causes diarrhea?  Qué cree usted que causa diarrea?  What treatments can you provide your children after they get it?  Qué tratamientos se puede proporcionar a sus hijos después de que lo consigan?  We will be asking three questions in the beginning, teaching parents, then asking them again at the end to see if teaching was effective.

14. Extra Info: Health Care Needs in Panama  Gastrointestinal illnesses, malaria, tuberculosis, typhoid fever, yellow fever, dengue fever, intestinal parasites, hepatitis A and B, STI’s, and HIV and AIDS are all prevalent in Panama  To prevent these diseases, children should wash their hands frequently, stay up to date with immunizations, wear bug spray, avoid consuming raw vegetables, fruits without a covering, unpasteurized milk and tap water in rural areas, wear long sleeved shirts and pants, use mosquito netting over bedding and get routine health exams

15. References Diarrhea: why children are still dying. Retrieved June 5, 2013, from United Nations Childrens Fund: http://www.unicef.org/media/files/Final_Diarrhoea_Report_October_2009_final.p df http://www.unicef.org/media/files/Final_Diarrhoea_Report_October_2009_final.p df Diarrheal diseases in less developed countries. (2010, January 21). Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/healthywater/hygiene/ldc/diarrheal_diseases.html Hygiene challenges and resources. (2012, March 22). Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/healthywater/hygiene/ldc/hygiene_challenges.html http://www.cdc.gov/healthywater/hygiene/ldc/hygiene_challenges.html National outbreak reporting system. (2012, March 23). Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/healthywater/statistics/wbdoss/nors/ http://www.cdc.gov/healthywater/statistics/wbdoss/nors/ Sanitation & hygiene. (2012, August 28). Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/healthywater/global/sanitation/index.html http://www.cdc.gov/heal thywater/statistics/wbdoss/nors/forms.html http://www.cdc.gov/healthywater/global/sanitation/index.html http://www.cdc.gov/heal thywater/statistics/wbdoss/nors/forms.html