1. Chapter AP* Sixth Edition World Civilizations The Global Experience World Civilizations The Global Experience Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth Edition Stearns Adas Schwartz Gilbert The Emergence of Industrial Society in the West, 1750-1914 23

2. Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth Edition Stearns Adas Schwartz Gilbert Industrial Society in the West I.The Age of Revolution II.The Consolidation of the Industrial Order, 1850-1914 III.Cultural Transformations IV.Western Settler Societies V.Diplomatic Tensions and World War I

3. Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth Edition Stearns Adas Schwartz Gilbert Industrial Society in the West

4. Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth Edition Stearns Adas Schwartz Gilbert The Age of Revolution Optimism Against All Odds –Marquis of Condorcet  Progress of the Human Mind Forces of Change –Enlightenment –Commercialization –Population growth

5. Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth Edition Stearns Adas Schwartz Gilbert The Age of Revolution The American Revolution –1775, outbreak of the Revolution  French aid –1789, new constitution

6. Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth Edition Stearns Adas Schwartz Gilbert Crisis in France in 1789 Enlightenment influence 1789, Louis XVI calls parliament Assembly –Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen –July 14, Bastille attacked

7. Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth Edition Stearns Adas Schwartz Gilbert Crisis in France in 1789 Principles –Serfdom abolished –Equality for men –End to aristocratic privilege –Church privilege ended –Elective parliament

8. Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth Edition Stearns Adas Schwartz Gilbert The French Revolution: Radical and Authoritarian Phases Reaction –Church –Aristocracy –Foreign powers Radical shift –King executed –Reign of Terror  Maximilien de Robespierre

9. Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth Edition Stearns Adas Schwartz Gilbert The French Revolution: Radical and Authoritarian Phases 1795, more moderate government Napoleon Bonaparte –Authoritarian –Supports key principles –Expansionist Empire –Most of Europe by 1812 –1815, defeated

10. Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth Edition Stearns Adas Schwartz Gilbert Napoleon’s Empire in 1812

11. Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth Edition Stearns Adas Schwartz Gilbert A Conservative Settlement and the Revolutionary Legacy Congress of Vienna of 1815 New political movements –Liberals  Constitutional rule  Protection of freedoms  Especially middle class

12. Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth Edition Stearns Adas Schwartz Gilbert A Conservative Settlement and the Revolutionary Legacy Radicals –Extension of voting rights –Socialism  Attack property rights –Nationalists Spread of Revolutions, 1820s, 1830s –Greece, Spain, Portugal, France, Italy, Germany, Belgium

13. Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth Edition Stearns Adas Schwartz Gilbert A Conservative Settlement and the Revolutionary Legacy Extension of male suffrage –Britain, United States

14. Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth Edition Stearns Adas Schwartz Gilbert Industrialization and the Revolutions of 1848 Lower classes –Political action Britain accommodates demands Revolts in Germany, Austria, Hungary France, 1848, monarch overthrown

15. Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth Edition Stearns Adas Schwartz Gilbert Industrialization and the Revolutions of 1848 Goals –Liberal constitutions –Social reform  End of serfdom –Women’s rights –Ethnic demands

16. Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth Edition Stearns Adas Schwartz Gilbert The Consolidation of the Industrial Order, 1850-1914 Adjustments to Industrial Life Families –Birth and death rates down Labor movements Rural cooperatives

17. Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth Edition Stearns Adas Schwartz Gilbert Industrialization in Europe c. 1850

18. Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth Edition Stearns Adas Schwartz Gilbert Political Trends and the Rise of New Nations After 1850, leaders learn to adopt change –Benjamin Disraeli  Vote for working-class males, 1867 –Camillo di Cavour  Supports industrialization –Otto von Bismarck  Vote for all adult males

19. Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth Edition Stearns Adas Schwartz Gilbert Political Trends and the Rise of New Nations Nationalism used –Bismarck  German Unification, 1871

20. Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth Edition Stearns Adas Schwartz Gilbert The Unification of Italy

21. Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth Edition Stearns Adas Schwartz Gilbert The Unification of Germany, 1815-1871

22. Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth Edition Stearns Adas Schwartz Gilbert The Social Question and New Government Functions School systems –Literacy increases Welfare –Health, old age Social reform becomes key political issue –Socialism  Karl Marx  Parties in Germany, Austria, France, 1880s –Women gain right to vote in many countries

23. Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth Edition Stearns Adas Schwartz Gilbert Cultural Transformations Emphasis on Consumption and Leisure –Pleasure-seeking more acceptable –Consumerism  Newspapers  Entertainment  Vacations –Leisure a commodity  Team sports  Travel industry

24. Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth Edition Stearns Adas Schwartz Gilbert Advances in Scientific Knowledge Rationalism Darwin –Evolution Einstein –Relativity Social Sciences –Science applied to human life –Freud

25. Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth Edition Stearns Adas Schwartz Gilbert Advances in Scientific Knowledge New Directions in Artistic Expression –Romanticism  Opposed to rationalism  Human emotion  Split between artists and scientists

26. Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth Edition Stearns Adas Schwartz Gilbert Western Settler Societies Industrialization makes west more powerful –Impact of improved transportation, communication Emerging Power of the United States –American Civil War, 1861-1865  Spurs industrialization

27. Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth Edition Stearns Adas Schwartz Gilbert Early 19th-Century Settlements in the United States, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand

28. Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth Edition Stearns Adas Schwartz Gilbert European Settlements in Canada, Australia, and New Zealand Peopled by immigrants Follow European political, economic, cultural patterns Canada –Federal system

29. Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth Edition Stearns Adas Schwartz Gilbert European Settlements in Canada, Australia, and New Zealand Australia –From 1788 –Gold rush, agricultural development –Federal system by 1900 New Zealand –Maori defeated by 1860s –Agricultural economy

30. Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth Edition Stearns Adas Schwartz Gilbert Diplomatic Tensions and World War I Rise of Germany –Bismarck –Unsettles balance of power European global expansion –Latin America independent –Africa controlled by Europeans –China, Middle East  Zones of European rivalry

31. Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth Edition Stearns Adas Schwartz Gilbert The New Alliance System By 1907 –Triple Alliance: Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy –Triple Entente: Britain, Russia, France

32. Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth Edition Stearns Adas Schwartz Gilbert The New Alliance System Instability –Russian Revolution, 1905 –Austria-Hungary  Ethnic conflict –Balkans  Free of Ottoman control  Divided by enmities 1914, assassination of Austrian archduke

33. Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth Edition Stearns Adas Schwartz Gilbert Diplomacy and Society Instability in 1800s –Nationalism –Political division –Industrial pressures

34. Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth Edition Stearns Adas Schwartz Gilbert The Balkans after the Regional Wars, 1913

35. Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. World Civilizations: The Global Experience, AP* Sixth Edition Stearns Adas Schwartz Gilbert Global Connections: Industrial Europe and the World Europe begins the process of globalization –Internal developments influence the world –Influence of revolutions, even against colonial rule in a later age –Many in Europe alarmed at this new role