1. Literature Searching in Anthropology David Sowerbutts d.l.sowerbutts@durham.ac.uk

2. Types of Material - Printed Monographs Encyclopaedias Other types of book (essays, readings, conferences) Journals Theses and Dissertations Newspapers and Magazines

3. Controlling the Literature Bibliographies –Book form –Indexes –Abstracts Review Articles Current Awareness

4. Some Titles to Consult Annual Review of Anthropology572(05) Annual Review of Sociology053.01 Levinson, D and Ember, M (1996). Encyclopedia of Cultural Anthropology. 4 volumes. New York: Holt. Ref 572(03) Michie, J (ed) 2001. Readers Guide to the Social Sciences. 2 volumes. London: Fitzroy Dearborn.Ref 016.3 REA International encyclopedia of the social and behavioral sciences. (2001) 26 volumes. Amsterdam: Elsevier. At present available online and at Ref 303 INT

5. Types of Material - Electronic Abstracts and Indexes (Bibliographic Databases) Reference Books Electronic Journals Internet Resources

6. Understanding Databases Subject Scope Inclusivity –Number of sources –Type of material –Level of material Date range Geographical bias

7. Understanding Databases Search defaults Features provided –Abstracts? –Option to create subsets? –Printing/Saving/E-mailing? –Links to full text? –Links to local catalogue? Remember to use the help screens

8. Databases (v. Internet) Refereed Material Restricted access Covers print as well as electronic (usually) More sophisticated searching

9. Internet (v. Databases) Not evaluated Electronic/digitised Large number of items but some “quality” material not included Difficult to assess results of searches

10. Databases: Getting Started Identify your ATHENS password –if necessary contact library.athens@durham.ac.uk Library home page –http://www.dur.ac.uk/library –click on Databases (guidance on selecting your database comes later)

11. Database Searching Keyword Hierarchical Structure Coded Concepts

12. Keyword Random –matches patterns not concepts Scope –Title only –Abstract –Full text Semantics –Ambiguities –Alternatives –Language problems

13. Keyword Truncation (Stemming) –Aggress* Word combination –Usually Boolean

14. Boolean Searching - Syntax Similar to formula in Mathematics BUT symbols not used as consistently BUT “default” values vary between databases

15. Boolean Searching

16. Refining Searches Taboo* and Asia* not (Burm* or Myanmar Racis* and Polic* not (London or Metropol*) Racis* and (Police or Policing) not (London or Metropol*)

17. Hierarchical Structure Anthropology Ethnology Racial Groups South American Quechua

18. Coded Concepts Usually a notation for a hierarchical structure –Arrangement of books in a Library –Application to databases (e.g. MedLine)

20. Library OPAC Start Datec. 1500 Scope:Durham stock only Excludes journal articles Export records Subject terms Truncation*Wildcardx Phrase searchingx Boolean and/or/not - useoperators in normal form (default combination is “and”) Links to full-text: indirect

21. Web of Science

22. Start Date1981 Scope:All Subjects Abstracts:From early 1990s Export records Subject terms Truncation* Wildcard Phrase searching Boolean and/or/not - useoperators in normal form (default combination is phrase search) Links to full-text: some provided ATHENS authenticated

23. IBSS

24. Start Date1951 Scope:Social Anth/Economics/Politics/Sociology Abstracts:Recent years only Export records Subject terms Truncation*Wildcard Phrase searching Boolean and/or/not - useoperators in normal form (default combination is phrase search) Links to full-text: some provided ATHENS authenticated

25. FirstSearch

26. A collection of around 25 databases; more than one can be searched simultaneously Start Datevaries Scope:All Subjects Abstracts:in some databases Export records Subject terms: some d/bases Truncation*Wildcard Phrase searching (use quotation marks) Boolean and/or/not - useoperators in normal form (default combination is “and”) Links to full-text: no No password needed on site

27. A results list (Web of Science)

28. The Record (Web of Science)

29. Internet Gateways/Portals Selected Unrestricted Electronic Resources Often classified May be evaluated/annotated SOSIG (http://sosig.ac.uk) See also other links from PINAKES (from Library’s “Subject Gateways” page)

30. Newspapers May include current debate on some possible project topics Electronic archives for some available from Library’s “News, weather…” page Infotrac: Custom Newspapers provides multiple title searching