1. Institute of Isotopes Hungarian Academy of Sciences Current R&D Activities at the Institute of Isotopes Related to Nuclear Safeguards, Forensics and Environmental Monitoring (Introduction) A. Kovács Head Department of Radiation Safety akovacs@iki.kfki.hu

2. Institute of Isotopes Hungarian Academy of Sciences Institute of Isotopes (founded in 1959) R & D Institute Technical Support Organization Hungarian Academy of Sciences Hungarian Atomic Energy Authority Tasks: - Basic and applied research; - To support authority tasks for HAEA - Production, application, trade of radioactive materials - Technical assistance

3. Institute of Isotopes Hungarian Academy of Sciences Profile Changes in the Institute of Isotopes 1. Safeguards accountancy up to 1996 HAEA 2. Radioactive material registry IKI / HAEA Production (IoI Co.Ltd.) 1993 Trading (IZINTA Co. Ltd.) 1985 Institute of Isotopes ~ 400 employee R & D, service TSO

4. Institute of Isotopes Hungarian Academy of Sciences Present R&D + Application Activities Fundamental research Catalytic reactions Radiation chemistry (waste water treatment) Nuclear physics (archeology; geology; dating) Radioactive tracer techniques (migration studies) Nuclear safeguards, forensics, environmental monitoring

5. Institute of Isotopes Hungarian Academy of Sciences Technical Assistance Central registry of radioactive materials at national level; Evaluation of license applications for packaging and transport of radioactive material Security of radioactive sources Safeguards verification of nuclear material Identification and characterization of illicit nuclear material Studies of radiation resistance of material and equipment

6. Institute of Isotopes Hungarian Academy of Sciences Present R&D Activities: Safeguards Safeguards oriented developments Quantitative assay of neutron sources (e.g. Pu-Be) Measurement of damaged spent fuel Age determination of U samples Measurement of fresh fuel reprocessing enrichment Characterization of spent fuel assemblies Burn-up distribution Swipe (bulk) samples Single particle analysis

7. Institute of Isotopes Hungarian Academy of Sciences Present R&D Activities: Nuclear Forensics Identification, categorization, characterization and securing illicit nuclear material: Characterization of seized uranium samples Assay of Pu in Pu-Be sources Age determination of U samples Presence of reprocessed U Isotopics determination Study of detectability with interfering radioactive sources and shielding

8. Institute of Isotopes Hungarian Academy of Sciences Present R&D Activities: Nuclear Forensics Assay of nuclear material by PGAA Mass spectrometry for the analysis of nuclear material of unknown origin Retrospective dosimetry Swipe analysis

9. Institute of Isotopes Hungarian Academy of Sciences Present R&D Activities: Environmental Monitoring Analysis of environmental samples: long-lived radioactive nuclides Environmental swipe samples (bulk analysis) Single particle analysis (LA-ICP-MS)

10. Institute of Isotopes Hungarian Academy of Sciences Main facilities, equipments, techniques, laboratories Gamma spectrometry (HPGe, CdZnTe,NaJ) Neutron coincidence counting Mass spectrometry (ICP-SFMS) Cold neutron beam (PGAA) Linear electron accelerator (pulsed neutron source) Chemical and TL/OSL (retrospective) dosimetry Scanning electron microscope (with XRF tube) In collaboration within the research campus: - α- spectrometry; - X-ray fluorescence; - Particle induced X-ray emission;

11. Institute of Isotopes Hungarian Academy of Sciences Thank you for your attention! A. Kovacs akovacs@iki.kfki.hu