1. Nuclear Energy Options and Project-X Shekhar Mishra Fermilab Yousry Gohar ANL June 7 th 2010

2. 2 Accelerators for America’s Future Symposium Areas of Opportunities  Accelerator Driven Systems  Treatment of flue gases, waste, and water  Isotope generation and heavy ion therapy  Environmentally friendly industrial use  Defense, cargo interrogation, and monitoring  Next generation discovery science machines Some policy issues  Demonstration facilities  Improved interagency, agency- industry communication  Strengthened educational programs

3. Schematic of An Accelerator Driven System 7th UofC, ANL and Fermilab Collaboration Meeting3 A multi-MW proton source, Project-X, in the key element of Fermilab’s strategy for future development of the accelerator complex. It can be used for a demonstration of accelerator for Nuclear Energy and key R&D.

4. Project-X Schematic 7th UofC, ANL and Fermilab Collaboration Meeting4 In principle a CW beam can be extracted from the 3 GeV Linac at any location. Current design beam power is 1 MW/GeV. SSR0SSR1SSR2β=0.6β=0.9 325 MHz 2.5-160 MeV ILC 1.3 GHz 2-3 GeV 650 MHz 0.16- 2 GeV

5. 5 Project-X: Research Opportunities

6. Proposal: Develop Nuclear Energy Plan for Project-X Project-X accelerator should be considered as a demonstration machine to address all most all the key issues for many applications including Nuclear Energy: Transmutation and ADS. It should be considered as a High Power Proton Accelerator demonstration project. We propose to develop a comprehensive program to address the Nuclear Energy Application  We need about 1 FTE support (0.5 at Fermilab and 0.5 at ANL) for at least one year. 7th UofC, ANL and Fermilab Collaboration Meeting6

7. Nuclear Application Disposal of Spent Nuclear Fuels  Application Objectives – Dispose of the spent nuclear fuel by eliminating its radiotoxicity  Application Technology – Utilize accelerator driven system for transmuting the minor actinides (MAs) of USA spent nuclear fuel inventory – The accumulated USA spent nuclear inventory is ~70000 tons by 2015. The MAs is ~40 tons.  Key Application Issues – Neutron Source (Concept and target performance) – Subcritical Assembly (Concept, Performance, Reactivity Control, Feedback, Safety Issues) Argonne-UChicago-Fermilab 7th Collaboration Meeting, Monday June 7, 2010. Yousry Gohar (ANL)

8. Possible Experiments Addressing the Key Issues Utilizing the 0.6 to 1 GeV CW Proton Beam  Spallation Target Experiment – Window material selection, concept, radiation damage, and lifetime – Target material selection (solid or liquid), concept, cooling – Removal of spallation products from liquid target – Validation of the target concept performance  Transmutation Experiment – Transmutation rates of the MAs and the long-lived fission products – Decay heat of the transmuted/burned MAs  Subcritical Assembly Experiment – Reactivity measurements, control methods, and feedback techniques  Shielding Concept – Proton beam and subcritical assembly shielding concept Argonne-UChicago-Fermilab 7th Collaboration Meeting, Monday June 7, 2010. Yousry Gohar (ANL)