1. Theme Recurring Themes Your Turn What Are Recurring Themes? Feature Menu

2. Theme Think of a movie or book that had a strong impact on you. Truths About Life

3. Theme When you walked out of the theater or closed the book, you may have found yourself thinking about the story’s message about life. Life

4. Theme If so, you were thinking about the theme of that movie or book—its message about life.

5. Theme Maybe the theme made you look at yourself in a new way. Or, perhaps the theme helped you understand a friend in a way you hadn’t before.

6. Writers do not always have a theme in mind when they begin writing. Often, a writer begins with an idea about a character or a situation. Theme What’s your theme going to be? ?

7. Theme Eventually, a theme begins to emerge from the developing story and from the writer’s beliefs about life. I think I see a theme emerging!

8. Theme Theme is at the heart of every story, whether it is traditional or contemporary. Traditional or Contemporary? Traditional works are myths, folk tales, stories, and poems passed on by word of mouth, often over many centuries. Contemporary works are works written in the twentieth and twenty-first centuries. (Some scholars say that contemporary works are those written after 1960.)

9. Plot answers the question, “What happens?” Theme: What Does It Mean? Theme answers the question, “What does it mean?” Theme

10. Cinderella is a kind girl who is mistreated by her ugly stepsisters. She attends the royal ball and becomes a princess in the end. Good people are rewarded with good fortune. To understand the difference between theme and plot, think of the fairy tale “Cinderella.” Plot Theme

11. A.Friendship B.Kelly and Maria were closer than sisters, but Kelly could never understand why Maria barely talked to her at school. One day, Kelly overheard some students gossiping about her with Maria. Maria was afraid that if she stuck up for Kelly she’d become the next target for the gossip. C.Sometimes, your best friends can be your worst enemies. Quick Check Which of these passages is an example of a plot? [End of Section] Which passage is an example of a theme? Theme

12. Quick Check Choice B shows a series of events, so it is a plot. Which of these passages is an example of a plot? A.Friendship B.Kelly and Maria were closer than sisters, but Kelly could never understand why Maria barely talked to her at school. One day, Kelly overheard some students gossiping about her with Maria. Maria was afraid that if she stuck up for Kelly she’d become the next target for the gossip. C.Sometimes, your best friends can be your worst enemies. Theme

13. Quick Check Choice C makes a statement about life, so it is an example of a theme. Which passage is an example of a theme? A.Friendship B.Kelly and Maria were closer than sisters, but Kelly could never understand why Maria barely talked to her at school. One day, Kelly overheard some students gossiping about her with Maria. Maria was afraid that if she stuck up for Kelly she’d become the next target for the gossip. C.Sometimes, your best friends can be your worst enemies. Theme

14. A subject can often be described using a single word or phrase, such as A theme needs a full sentence to describe it: Sometimes feelings of grief help bring about needed change. grief, competition, or betrayal. Theme

15. Theme: What you learn about the subject Theme: Sometimes the most ordinary moments are filled with the most love. The theme states what you learn about the subject from reading the story. Subject Subject: Love Theme

16. Quick Check What is the subject of the story? What is a theme of the story? [End of Section] Juan loved soccer. He couldn’t remember a time when he was not kicking a ball around on the grass, down the street, or even in the house. His mom hated it when he played ball in the house. It was raining—and had been for four days straight. Juan was itching to play soccer, and his mom wasn’t home. He decided it wouldn’t hurt to kick the ball a little, using the fireplace as a goal. Unfortunately, he missed the fireplace and hit the new lamp. Theme

17. What is the subject of the story? The subject of the story is “playing soccer in the house.” Quick Check Juan loved soccer. He couldn’t remember a time when he was not kicking a ball around on the grass, down the street, or even in the house. His mom hated it when he played ball in the house. It was raining—and had been for four days straight. Juan was itching to play soccer, and his mom wasn’t home. He decided it wouldn’t hurt to kick the ball a little, using the fireplace as a goal. Unfortunately, he missed the fireplace and hit the new lamp. Theme

18. What is a theme of the story? One theme of the story is “rules sometimes exist for a reason.” Juan loved soccer. He couldn’t remember a time when he was not kicking a ball around on the grass, down the street, or even in the house. His mom hated it when he played ball in the house. It was raining—and had been for four days straight. Juan was itching to play soccer, and his mom wasn’t home. He decided it wouldn’t hurt to kick the ball a little, using the fireplace as a goal. Unfortunately, he missed the fireplace and hit the new lamp. Quick Check Theme

19. Everyone has different experiences in life. These experiences influence how you view a movie, TV show, piece of art, poem, or story. Theme

20. Look closely at the following painting. What do you think the painting means? Theme

21. Discuss the painting’s meaning with another student. In what ways are your interpretations similar? In what ways are they different? Theme

22. Just as two people will probably see the same painting in different ways, two readers will often understand a story differently. I think “Little Red Riding Hood” is about listening to your parents and taking their advice. I think it’s about standing up to bullies. Theme

23. Because two readers may have different views of the same story, each reader may discover two or more different themes within the story. [End of Section] Theme

24. When Sam visited his grandfather’s restaurant, Gramps told him a story about a young boy. His brothers teased the boy because he hated to go fishing. Instead, he loved to help his mom cook the fish they brought home. The boy didn’t let their comments bother him; he kept right on cooking. Before long, his family was begging the boy to cook his special dish. Quick Check What is a theme, or message about life, of the grandfather’s story? [End of Section] Theme

25. Quick Check Theme One theme is “do what you enjoy, and you can find success.” When Sam visited his grandfather’s restaurant, Gramps told him a story about a young boy. His brothers teased the boy because he hated to go fishing. Instead, he loved to help his mom cook the fish they brought home. The boy didn’t let their comments bother him; he kept right on cooking. Before long, his family was begging the boy to cook his special dish. What is a theme, or message about life, of the grandfather’s story?

26. People around the world share many of the same dreams... and fears. Recurring Themes

27. Some stories appear in many different countries and cultures. Recurring Themes

28. Characters and settings may be different, but... the same themes will reappear again and again. True love endures and thrives. Friendship is golden. Don’t give up on your dreams.

29. Recurring Themes [End of Section] These themes are called universal themes, or recurring themes. Never give up on a friend. Unlimited money and power corrupt. A good attitude leads to success.

30. Things may not always be what they seem. Wishes can have surprising consequences. You should treasure the good in your life. The gift of love can change a person. Analyze Recurring Themes Your Turn How many times have you read a story or seen a show with these themes?

31. Your Turn To begin your exploration of recurring themes, look again at the list of themes. Then, think of traditional and contemporary works you have studied or read on your own. Think also of movies, plays, and TV shows you have seen. Analyze Recurring Themes Things may not always be what they seem. Wishes can have surprising consequences. You should treasure the good in your life. The gift of love can change a person.

32. Your Turn With a group of classmates, brainstorm titles of works that reflect those themes. Record your titles in a chart like this one. ThemeTitles Things may not always be what they seem. “Inn of Lost Time” “The Princess and the Frog” Analyze Recurring Themes Wishes can have surprising consequences. “Those Three Wishes” “Flowers for Algernon” [End of Section]

33. The End