1. بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم 1 Dr. Malik Muhammad Abdul Razzaq

2. Assistant Professor  Department of Community Medicine  Sheikh Zayed Medical College  Rahim Yar Khan 2 Dr. Malik Muhammad Abdul Razzaq

3. EXPANDED PROGRAMM OF IMMUNIZATION VisitAge Vaccine DiseaseDoseRouteSite 1At Birth BCG Tuberculosis0.05ml1/dRight deltoid OPV zero Poliomyelitis2 DropsOral 26 Weeks DPT-1 Diphtheria 0.5 ml1/mAnterolateral aspect of right thigh Perletsis Tetanus OPV-1 Poliomyelitis2 DropsOral HBV-1 Hepatitis B0.5 ml1/mAnterolateral aspect of left thigh 310 Weeks DPT-2 Diphtheria 0.5 ml1/mAnterolateral aspect of right thigh Perletsis Tetanus OPV-2 Poliomyelitis2 DropsOral HBV-2 Hepatitis B0.5 ml1/mAnterolateral aspect of left thigh 414 Weeks DPT-3 Diphtheria 0.5 ml1/mAnterolateral aspect of right thigh Perletsis Tetanus OPV-3 Poliomyelitis2 DropsOral HBV-3 Hepatitis B0.5 ml1/mAnerolateral aspect of left thigh 59 Months Measles 0.5 ml1/mLeft deltoid Vaccine 6 16-24 MonthsDPT Diphtheria 0.5 ml1/mAnterolateral aspect of right thigh Perletsis Tetanus OPV Poliomyelitis2 DropsOral 75-6 YearsDT Diphtheria 0.5 ml1/mAnterolateral aspect of right thigh Tetanus 3Dr. Malik Muhammad Abdul Razzaq

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5.  A.The treatment of patients  B. For epidemiological investigation  C. To study the time place and person  D. For the institution of prevention and control measures. 5 Dr. Malik Muhammad Abdul Razzaq

6. Separation for the period of communicability of infected persons or animals from others in such places and under such conditions, as to prevent or limit the direct or indirect transmission of the infectious agent from those infected to those who are susceptible or who may spread the agent to others. To protect the community by preventing transfer of infection from the reservoir. 6 Dr. Malik Muhammad Abdul Razzaq

7. Period of isolation recommended DiseaseDuration of isolation ChickenpoxUntil all lesions crusted; usually about 6 days after onset of rach MeaslesFrom the onset of catarrhal stage through 3 rd day of rash Cholera/Diphtheria3 days after tetracyclines started ShigellosisUntil 3 consecutive negative stool Salmonellosiscultures Hepatitis A3 Weeks Influenza3 days after onset Polio2 weeks adult 6 weeks Paediatric TuberculosisUntil 3 weeks of effective (sputum +)Chemotherapy Herpes zoster6 days after onset of rash MumpsUntil swelling subsides Pertussis4 weeks or until paroxysms cease MeningococcalUntil the first 6 hours of effective Meningitisantibiotic therapy are completed Streptococcal pharyngitis 7 Dr. Malik Muhammad Abdul Razzaq

8. The limitation of freedom of movement of such well persons or animals exposed to communicable disease for a period of time not longer than the longest usual incubation period of the disease, to prevent effective contact with those not so exposed. 8 Dr. Malik Muhammad Abdul Razzaq

9. Disease Chemoprophylaxis ChemoprophylaxisCholera Tetracycline or furazolidone for house-hold contacts Conjunctivitis bacterial Erythromycin ophthalmic ointment Diphtheria Erythromycin ( and first dose of vaccine) Influenza Amantadine (effective only for type A) for contacts suffering from chronic diseases Malaria Two tablets of chloroquine(150mg) once a week, on the same day each week. Meningitis meningococcal meningococcal Sulphadiazine for 4 days For household and close community contacts immunization should e initiated in all cases (against serogroups A and C) Plague Tetracycline for contacts of pneumonic plague. 9Dr. Malik Muhammad Abdul Razzaq

10. It is the killing of infectious agents outside the body by direct exposure to chemical or physical agents. Disinfectant or germicide is a substance which destroys harmful microbes (not usually spores ) with the object of preventing transmission of diseases. Antiseptic is a substance which destroys or inhibits the growth of micro-organisms. These are suitable for applications to living tissues. 10 Dr. Malik Muhammad Abdul Razzaq

11. It is the application of disinfective measures as soon as possible after the discharge of infectious material from the body of an infected persons or after the soiling of articles with such infectious discharges. 11 Dr. Malik Muhammad Abdul Razzaq

12.  It is the application of disinfective measures after the patient has been removed by dealth or to a hospital or has ceased to be a source of infection or after other hospital isolation practice have been discontinued. PRECURRENT (PROPHYLACTIC) DISINFECTION:  Disinfection of water by chlorine, pasteurization of milk and hand washing may be cited as examples of precurrent disinfection. 12 Dr. Malik Muhammad Abdul Razzaq

13. is a substance which suppresses or neutralizes bad odours, e.g., Lime and bleaching powder. Detergent is a surface cleaning agent which acts by lowering surface tension, e.g., soap which removes bacteria along with dirt. 13 Dr. Malik Muhammad Abdul Razzaq

14. is the process of destroying all life including spores. It is widely used in medical practice. 14 Dr. Malik Muhammad Abdul Razzaq

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