1. steve_raney@cities21.org Efficient Cities: Easy on the CO 2 and H 2 O Less CO 2  less sea level rise, more wetlands Less driving  less breakpad dust, oil runoff Less asphalt  more pervious  better H2O quality.

2. steve_raney@cities21.org 3 Stage Path to Sustainability Can’t go straight there 1) Populist: (convenient) Consciousness raising, light bulbs, Prius, green building –Low flow toilets, gray water recycling 2) Fundamental: 2020. (inconvenient) Efficient cities. Sustainable-savvy voters, government restructuring. –Fewer lawns –Less human land expansion  less watershed trashing 3) Profound: 2050. 80% reduction, less people, accurate pricing, renewable NRG, vegetarian, local food, anti-materialism, lower GNP, social cooperation/enlightenment, etc –Less livestock waste runoff, less fertilizer (fewer ocean dead zones/phytoplantkton).

3. steve_raney@cities21.org Bay Area: 2MM more lousy humans Well, jobs are coming. Homes may sprawl. –Ag  residential, habitat  ag 2,000 square feet asphalt for each car Oakland downtown is booming, but Sunday Chron & Merc new homes section?  disaster.

4. steve_raney@cities21.org © Jonathan Rose Companies, LLC Family Energy Consumption – driving matters most Oakland vs. Palo Alto vs. Tracy (work in Palo Alto)

5. steve_raney@cities21.org Efficient Human Settlement Patterns Reducing driving is BIG, BIG, BIG –Prius is good, but not sufficient For each person, minimize the distances in the triangle below (units: miles  feet) Benefits: more happiness, less carbon, lower cost of living, better health, etc Solution: fix Palo Alto at a profit, spread like virus –Must innovate, need better tools. Home Job Activities

6. steve_raney@cities21.org Culture: Low Miles Community Exploit behavior research Non auto-centric culture Good Deeds (make it easy) EBay’s online community phenomenon –Make friends, achieve social status –Self polices bad behavior “Communities of Practice” – expertise around a problem domain (green commutes).

7. steve_raney@cities21.org Low Miles Community (2) Big new residential complex Everyone signs low mileage pledge –Entry condition to obtain housing –People are “self-consistent” Manufacture a tipping point –Currently, it’s often dumb to be green –Positive peer pressure Problem-solving think tank. Online & in person –Carpool to grocery store –Ex: Biking learning curve: route, gear, defensive People love to share such self-discovered expertise –Delivery services, etc.

8. steve_raney@cities21.org New PRT: last mile solution

9. steve_raney@cities21.org Comprehensive, Integrated Mobility Door to Door Centralized Cars: share, rent, ride home Delivery services, Personal activities, Business services first mile Train first mile Bus Walk Bike, scooter, Segway Flexpool Web/wireless coordination Supportive policy context Scale! Short carpool pick up first mile Long carpool Improved match-making Shared parking, nuride PRT shuttle system LAST MILE mid-day trips

10. steve_raney@cities21.org Move closer to your job: Traffic Reducing Housing Priority access to new housing for green commuters –Waiting list The most cost-effective traffic reduction policy (ever). SF  San Jose (swap) –Or, “Proximate Commute” for Starbucks workers.

11. steve_raney@cities21.org Traffic Reducing Hsng Examples Santa Barbara: 42 affordable apts –40 block walkable, mixed-use downtown –Priorities: no cars, work downtown –Result: TWENTY cars Stanford West Apts: 515 apts –Shuttle bus, biking, hostile to cars –396 Stanford, 96 hospital, 14 Palo Alto, 9 long commutes –10% short-commute rent discount –2.6 MM less VMT/CO2 lbs./yr Redwood City: 800 mkt rate condos –1 mi from dwntn, bike path –Cities21 victory –4 months: green commutes 1MM units: 3MM tons/yr.

12. steve_raney@cities21.org Efficient Cities: Easy on the CO 2 and H 2 O 2MM new Bay Area residents