1. EU Waste Management Policy Seminar on Environmental Requirements in Cohesion Fund Projects Prague, 25 Feburary 2005
Fotios PAPOULIAS
DG Environment
European Commission

2. Why is waste a problem? Continued growth of the waste mountain
around 1300 Mt of waste (excluding agricultural waste)
3.5 tonnes per capita and year
growth by 15% while GDP grew by 10%
around 200 Mt of municipal waste
500 kg per capita and year
Environmental impacts of waste
Air pollutants and greenhouse gases
Leachates
Long term heritage of landfills and contaminated sites
Disamenity (noise, odour etc.)
Resource loss and avoidable impacts of virgin materials production

3. The European Waste Strategy
Producer Responsibility
Waste Management Hierarchy
Proximity and self-sufficiency

4. A flexible principle based on common sense
Waste Hierarchy
A flexible principle based on common sense
Prevention
Recycling
Incineration without energy recovery
Re-use
Energy recovery
Disposal

5. Waste Management Policy
Community Waste Management Strategy COM(96)399, )
Framework legislation
Waste Framework Directive (Dir. 75/442/EEC)
Directive on hazardous waste
(Dir. 91/689/EEC)
Regulation on shipment of waste
(Reg. (EEC) 259/93)
Waste treatment operations
Incineration of waste
Directive 2000/76/EC
Landfill of waste Directive 1999/31/EC
Decision 2003/33/EC
Specific waste streams
Waste oils
(Dir 75/439/EEC)
Sewage sludge
(Dir. 86/278/EEC)
Batteries (Dir. 91/157/EEC
& 93/86/EEC)
Packaging
(Dir. 94/62/EC)
PCBs
(Dir. 96/59/EC)
End of life vehicles
Dir /53/EC
WEEE/
RoHS
Dir. 2002/95/EC &
Dir. 2002/96/EC
Mining waste COM(2003) 319
POPs Waste
Reg. 850/2004/EEC

6. Waste Framework Directive (Dir. 91/156/EEC)
Framework legislation
Waste Framework Directive (Dir. 91/156/EEC)
Definition + European Waste Catalogue
Minimum waste management requirements
Waste management priorities
Waste management plans
Control and permit systems
Polluter pays principle
Regulation on shipment of waste
(Reg. (EEC) 259/93)
Waste and the internal market
Proximity and self-sufficiency for waste disposal
Control requirements and notification system
Illegal traffic
International interface
Ban on export to developing countries
Hazardous waste Directive
(Dir. 91/689/EEC)
Definition + Hazardous waste list
Stricter waste management requirements
Prohibition of mixing

7. Incineration of waste Directive 2000/76/EC
Waste treatment operations
Incineration of waste Directive 2000/76/EC
All types of waste covered
Special and industrial installations
Co-incineration
Operational conditions
Air & water emission limit values
0.1 ng/m3 dioxins and furanes
Landfill of waste Directive 1999/31/EC
Authorization system
Control procedures
Co-disposal ban
Pre-treatment of waste obligatory
Technical requirements
Reduction of biodegradable waste
Methane recovery
Internalization of cost
Decision 2003/33/EC
Procedures and criteria for acceptance
of waste in landfills

8. Specific waste streams
Sewage sludge
(Dir. 86/278/EEC)
Agricultural use
Heavy metal limits
Control of pathogens
Waste oils
(Dir 75/439/EEC)
Collection
Promotion of regeneration
PCB limit values
Safe disposal
Combustion limit values
Batteries and accumulators (Dir. 91/157/EEC & 93/86/EEC)
Scope
Marketing restrictions
Separate collection
Recycling
Labelling
Packaging
(Dir. 94/62/EC & 2004/12/EC)
All packaging
Hierarchy
Recovery / recycling targets
Management systems
Essential requirements
Databases
POPs Waste
(Reg. 850/2004/EEC)
Destruction of POPs
Derogation for low conc.
and env. preferable
management options
PCBs & PCTs
(Dir. 96/59/EC)
Limit values
Safe disposal
Phase-out
End of Life Vehicles (Dir. 2000/53/EC)
Certificate of destruction
De-registration
Reduction of heavy metals
Recycling targets
Electric and Electronic Waste WEEE Directive 2002/96/EC and RoHS Directive 2002/95/EC
Consumer and commercial appliances
Separate collection
Recycling targets
Financing: Producer responsibility
heavy metals ban
New initiatives
Thematic Strategy on waste prevention and recycling
Thematic strategy on natural resources

9. Key objectives (1) Landfill
Conformity: 2004 (hazardous waste) and 2009 (MSW)
-65% biodegradable waste in 2016 (National Strategies in 2003)
Ban on landfill of (shredded) tyres: 2005
Limit values for acceptance of waste: 2005
Conformity of existing incinerators with Directive 2000/76/EC: 2005
IPPC permits for existing installations: 2007

10. Key objectives (2) End- of-life vehicles
2006: 85% recovery, 80% reuse and recycling
2015: 95% recovery, 85% reuse and recycling (currently under review)
Waste electric and electronic equipment by 2006:
collection of 4 kg/cap/y
recycling and reuse of 50% to 80%
recovery of 0-20%
Packaging by 2008
55-80% recycling, 60% recovery
material specific rates

11. Waste management planning requirements
Member States to draw up waste management plans (Dir. 75/442/EEC – Art. 7) to achieve:
the preference for recovery over disposal
the disposal or recovery without endangering human health or the environment
an integrated network of disposal installations
Hazardous waste (Dir. 91/689/EEC):
either separate plans or part of general waste management plan
Packaging waste (Dir. 94/62/EC):
specific chapter in general waste management plan

12. Content of waste management plans (Dir. 75/442/EEC - Art. 7)
Obligatory elements of plans:
type, quantity and origin of the waste
general technical requirements
special arrangements for particular wastes
suitable disposal sites
Optional elements of the plan
persons empowered to carry out management of waste
estimated costs of recovery/disposal
measures for rationalisation of collection, sorting and treatment of waste

13. A decade for change Non-haz waste landfills Inc/co-inc emission limits
Second ELV targets
IPPC permits
Hazardous waste landfills
Pckg targets
PCBs destroyed
Final landfill diversion target
WEEE + ELV targets
Second landfill diversion target
Tyres landfill ban
First landfill
diversion target
2005: Thematic Strategy

14. some recycling much recycling
From To
much waste, some waste,
some recycling much recycling
Packaging, WEEE, ELV, …
Recycle
paper, plastic, metals ….
For the waste prevention and recycling strategy, we need to bring together the pieces of thirty years of waste policy. On the left hand side we see where we are now – we need to remodel and restructure some elements, and bring greater cohesion to the whole picture.
Energy
recovery
Packaging, WEEE, ELV, …
Recover
Energy
Landfill
Too much Landfill ( 60%)

15. Waste Thematic Strategy June 2005
Waste strategy document (including future recycling policy)
Conclusion – a range of measures are needed in the package to achieve our objectives. They are covered in more detail in the background slides I have circulated.
Revision of WFD
Action on common standards
Action on prevention

16. For further information...
… consult the Europa web site on Internet:
…contact DG Environment; Sustainable Resources, Consumption and Waste unit
…send an

17. THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION!