1. Effective Communication for Colleges, 11 th ed., Brantley & Miller 2008©Chapter 3 – Slide 1 The Communication- by-Objectives Approach

2. Effective Communication for Colleges, 11 th ed., Brantley & Miller 2008©Chapter 3 – Slide 2 Learning Objectives Plan a message using the Communication-by- Objectives approach. Compose a message draft following the Communication-by-Objectives approach and incorporating the six Cs of effective messages. Identify the activities involved in Complete a Message, the third step of the Communication-by-Objectives approach.

3. Effective Communication for Colleges, 11 th ed., Brantley & Miller 2008©Chapter 3 – Slide 3 Planning a message Composing a draft Completing a message Communication-by-Objectives Approach The CBO approach is a step-by-step, whole-into parts method that includes the following steps:

4. Effective Communication for Colleges, 11 th ed., Brantley & Miller 2008©Chapter 3 – Slide 4 Plan a Message Planning is the foundation of effective communication. Identify the objective. Visualize the audience. Gather supporting information. Organize the information. Section 1: Plan a Message

5. Effective Communication for Colleges, 11 th ed., Brantley & Miller 2008©Chapter 3 – Slide 5 Identify the Objective Why are you creating the message? To persuade? To perform? To inquire? State the objective simply, clearly, and concisely. Plan

6. Effective Communication for Colleges, 11 th ed., Brantley & Miller 2008©Chapter 3 – Slide 6 Visualize the Audience Who is the target audience? What characteristics do you know about the target audience? When will the audience receive the message? Where will the audience be when they receive the message? How can you learn more about the target audience? Plan

7. Effective Communication for Colleges, 11 th ed., Brantley & Miller 2008©Chapter 3 – Slide 7 Gather Supporting Information Generate creative ideas through Plan Brainstorming. Nonstop writing. Bubble writing. Select Ideas.

8. Effective Communication for Colleges, 11 th ed., Brantley & Miller 2008©Chapter 3 – Slide 8 Organize the Information Patterns of Organization Plan Outline Formats Traditional Indented Direct pattern Indirect pattern

9. Effective Communication for Colleges, 11 th ed., Brantley & Miller 2008©Chapter 3 – Slide 9 Compose a Draft Choose words. Construct sentences. Assemble paragraphs. Choose paragraph locations. Section 2: Compose a Draft

10. Effective Communication for Colleges, 11 th ed., Brantley & Miller 2008©Chapter 3 – Slide 10 Choose Words That … Reflect the six Cs. Invoke the senses. Help form a mental picture. Support the message objective. Compose

11. Effective Communication for Colleges, 11 th ed., Brantley & Miller 2008©Chapter 3 – Slide 11 Construct Sentences Compose Construct the following types of sentences: Topic sentences Supporting sentences Concluding sentences Use transitionals to move smoothly from one thought to the next. Evaluate the situation to decide whether to use the active or passive voice. Vary the sentence length to maintain interest.

12. Effective Communication for Colleges, 11 th ed., Brantley & Miller 2008©Chapter 3 – Slide 12 Assemble Paragraphs Compose Construct standard paragraphs consisting of a topic sentence, supporting sentences, and a concluding sentence. Consider sentence placement. Consider sentence sequence. Time Logic Cause and Effect Comparison and Contrast

13. Effective Communication for Colleges, 11 th ed., Brantley & Miller 2008©Chapter 3 – Slide 13 Choose Paragraph Locations The opening captures the receiver’s attention. The middle supports the message objective and promotes the main idea. The closing reflects sincerity and promotes goodwill. Compose

14. Effective Communication for Colleges, 11 th ed., Brantley & Miller 2008©Chapter 3 – Slide 14 Complete a Message Proofread Edit Revise Finalize Section 3: Complete a Message

15. Effective Communication for Colleges, 11 th ed., Brantley & Miller 2008©Chapter 3 – Slide 15 Proofread Complete Check for correctness in the following areas: Content Mechanics Format Meaning Follow proven proofreading tips. Use proofreader marks.

16. Effective Communication for Colleges, 11 th ed., Brantley & Miller 2008©Chapter 3 – Slide 16 Edit Analyze your draft from the receiver’s point of view. Incorporate the six Cs of effective messages. Incorporate courtesy. Check for clarity. Rephrase for conciseness. Choose concrete words. Check for correct content and mechanics. Review for completeness. Complete

17. Effective Communication for Colleges, 11 th ed., Brantley & Miller 2008©Chapter 3 – Slide 17 Revise Make changes marked during the editing process. Repeat editing and revising activities as often as necessary. Complete Good communicators complete the proofreading, editing, and revising activities three or more times.

18. Effective Communication for Colleges, 11 th ed., Brantley & Miller 2008©Chapter 3 – Slide 18 Finalize Select appropriate format. Proofread final copy. Complete

19. Effective Communication for Colleges, 11 th ed., Brantley & Miller 2008©Chapter 3 – Slide 19 Compose a Draft Choose Words Construct Sentences Assemble Paragraphs Choose Paragraph Locations Summary Plan a Message Identify the Objective Visualize the Audience Gather Supporting Information Organize the Information Complete a Message Proofread Edit Revise Finalize