1. “Birth of a Democratic Nation” (ch. 2.4)
Civics Unit 1
“Birth of a Democratic Nation” (ch. 2.4)

2. B: Self- Governing in the colonies
1607 Jamestown is settled. By 1619 Virginia elects its first legislative assembly-
The House of Burgesses- 1st elected representative body in the colonies

3. Mayflower Compact Written in 1620
Pilgrims wrote written agreement as they made their way on the Mayflower to Massachusetts
Formed the 1st form of direct democracy
Direct democracy: rule by people 1 person 1 vote. ( Women were not allowed to vote)

4. Fundamental Orders of Connecticut
First written constitution in the colonies
Adopted in January 1639 by a number of early puritan towns in Connecticut.
This was done with the aim of establishing independent rule of law that was distinguishably more free from the earlier and more restrictive Anglican Law imposed by England.
The Fundamental Orders of Connecticut became the rule of law for Connecticut.

5. By 1733 Self-Governance was established in all 13 colonies
Elected Governors
Elected Assembly

6. I. Colonial Resistance British Control
Mercantilism is the economic theory that a country’s power depends on its wealth
a. Great Britain needed the colonies to be a source of cheap, raw materials and a market for manufactured goods
b.Salutary Neglect: GB ignored the growing self governing of the colonies- used them only as a means of raw materials.
2.Navigation Acts- ( ) forced colonies to get manufactured goods only from GB

7. C: Growing Tensions
Albany Plan of Union (1754)- plan to unify colonies for mutual defense, failed because colonies did not have enough common experience

8. French and Indian War (1754-1763)
GB and colonists vs. French and Native Americans
Effects: GB wartime debt, colonial resentment, GB control over most of N. America
Proclamation Line of colonists could not settle west of the Appalachian Mountains

9. Propaganda What is propaganda? Where have you seen it used?
What techniques of persuasion have you seen?

12. To pay off war debts, Britain placed taxes on the colonists (end of salutary neglect)
The Stamp Act of 1765 required colonists to attach tax stamps to newspapers and documents
Quartering Act required colonists to provide living and supplies for GB troops

13. Worsening Relations
Stamp Act Congress (1765)- nine colonies met sent a declaration against British actions to king
First time a majority of the colonies joined together to oppose British rule
GB gov’t repealed (cancelled) the Stamp Act
Declaratory Act (1766)) Parliament declared that they had the sovereign power to tax their colonies .

14. Townshend Acts (1767)- taxes of variety of goods and allowed British customs officers to search for smuggling
Colonists began to cause trouble for officials
The Boston Massacre (1770)- British soldiers fired into a crowd, killing five people

15. Open Resistance
“No taxation w/out representation”- slogan of Patriots because they had no representatives in Parliament
Colonists decided to boycott, refuse to buy, British goods

16. The Boston Tea Party (1773)- colonists dumped tea in Boston harbor in rebellion of Tea Act
Parliament responded with the Intolerable Acts (Coercive Acts)- punished city of Boston and restricted colonists’ civil rights including trial by jury

17. Why were the Intolerable Acts so intolerable?
Right to a jury trial were taken away.
Tea and goods were too expensive
STOP AND
STRETCH

18. II. Independence First Continental Congress (1774)
They decided to boycott all British goods and organized militias
Wrote letter to king demanding that rights be restored, swore to meet again in a year.

19. Lexington and Concord (April 1775)- First battle of the American Revolution
Mecklenburg Declaration of Independence (May 20,1775) written in response to the battle in Massachusetts.

20. Second Continental Congress (1775 on)
Met to decide what to do- divided opinion
Thomas Paine’s Common Sense
Made the case for American Independence
Swayed public opinion
Moved closer to independence despite military failures

21. Declaration of Independence
Written primarily by Thomas Jefferson
Borrowed ideas from John Locke
Purpose
Argue legitimacy of cause to Parliament, other countries
Troop morale, support for cause

22. Conclusion of the War Small victories, evading bulk of British forces
French support turned war around
War was won in the South- Gen. Nathanial Greene, Daniel Morgan, Cowpens, Kings Mtn.

23. 4. Battle of Yorktown (1781)- British surrender
5. Peace of Paris (1783)- officially won independence

24. Birth of a Nation-America