1. Physical Science / CLASSWORK September 8 – 11, 2015

2. Started: 9/8/15 CLASSWORK In CORNELL note style, copy the six vocabulary terms and definitions from NOS 21 to Activity #6 VARIABLE INDEPENDENT VARIABLE DEPENDENT VARIABLE CONSTANTS EXPERIMENTAL GROUP CONTROL GROUP

3. Activity #6 continued Types of Bridges: Simple Beam Bridge Simple Beam Bridge: This is the simplest type of bridge. It has one horizontal beam across two supports. The biggest disadvantages of a beam bridge is that it tends to sag in the middle if it is too long or if the load is too heavy. Of interconnected, triangular trusses to strengthen it.

4. Activity #6 continued Types of Bridges: Truss Bridge Truss Bridge: This type of bridge is supported at its ends, by an assembly of interconnected triangular trusses to strengthen it. A truss bridge is designed with straight beams and trusses connected to vertical supports that come together at structures known as plates. Where the truss structure connects to the roadway portion of the bridge at a gusset plate is called a node.

6. Activity #6 Continued Bridge Failure Observations see NOS27 The bridge had been deemed “structurally deficient” more than a decade prior to the collapse. According to computer modeling analysis of the bridge, it was not overloaded at the time of collapse. Analysis revealed that Node-Gusset Plate U10 was less than half the thickness required for the estimated bridge load capacity. It is unknown if the problems with the gusset plates came about during the design process or the actual construction of the bridge.

7. Activity #6 Case Study Analysis Jigsaw Reading Activity 9/9/15 After you have been assigned a group and section of the text; 1. Take your INB, a writing instrument, and your textbook to a lab station with your assigned group. 2. Individually read the section you were assigned. 3. Analyze and discuss the most important information gathered in your assigned section as a group. 4. Summarize the most important information in your INB. 5. Present your group’s findings to the rest of the students in class.

8. Activity 6 continued Summary Requirements (See NOS 23 - 27) Be sure to answer these questions in your summary. What factors caused the bridge to fail? (What did you conclude?) Was the original bridge design faulty? (Explain) Were bridge maintenance and repair poor or lacking? (Explain) Was there too much weight on the bridge? (How do you know?) Was the collapse a combination of weight and design flaws? (If so, explain the effect they had on the bridge that led to the collapse)

9. Activity #7 Minneapolis Bridge Collapse EQ: What was the sequence of events during the investigation to find the cause of the bridge collapse? Create a flow map using the information found on NOS 23 – NOS 27 One box for each of the 9 sections on NOS 23-27

10. New Minneapolis Bridge I35 W Bridge Replacement

13. New I35W Minneapolis Bridge at Night

14. ONLINE TEXTBOOK Physical Science http://connected.mcgraw-hill.com User name: MIRETL Password: miret941