1. Under The Earth

2. Introduction Why Underground? Reserve is deep, uneconomical to remove the overburden Underground: All kinds of design you can imagine Transport (people, waste rock and ore) through: Decline Shaft Decline and Shaft

3. Shaft and Decline www.geocities.com/cannon_mine/

4. Development Create accesses and other openings (water sump, power station, shop etc.) in waste rock. Cycle/Round – Drilling – Blasting – Mucking – Ground Support Basic Terminology – Rib- Side Wall – Sill- Floor – Back- Roof Overhead – Face – Active Working/Advancing Surface

5. Drilling http://news.thomasnet.com/images/large/456/456652.jpg

6. Blasting Load drill holes with explosives and…… ….BOOM!! http://www.cgempire.com/tutorials/pstuts/explosion/ExplosionExample.jpg

7. Mucking http://www.golden-phoenix.com/images/MuckingMaryMine.jpghttp://wells.entirety.ca/images/wp627m.jpg

8. Ground Support: Bolts & Mesh

9. Ground Support: Bolts Prevent wedge failure Hold mesh (wire) http://www.rocscience.com/images/products/unwedge/uw_support5.gif

10. Patterns Several types of bolts used ranging 5 to 12 feet in length Spacing and bolting pattern dependent upon ground conditions and life span of drift

11. ® ® weellxS ® weel l x S Different Patterns For 100% Coverage

12. Ground Support: Shotcrete Form a support arch Fill in voids between rocks and bond them together Stop rock weathering

13. Ground Support: Shotcrete http://www.scsmining.ca/site/Portals/0/Shotcreter%20in%20tunnel.jpg

14. Thank you!! Questions?